16.The concept of personal choice concerning health is important because ____.

A)personal health choice help cure most illness

B)it helps raise the level of our medical knowledge

C)it is essential to personal freedom in American society

D)wrong decisions could lead to poor health

15.This passage is mainly concerned with ____.

A)whether language proficiency or work abuility counts in job interviews

B)how to avoid awkward situation in a job interview in HongKong

C)the language used in a job interview with both Chinese and expatriate panel members

D)the sensible procedure of getting on with an interview where the Chinese interviewee’s English is to be tested

D

The concept of personal choice in relation to health behaviors is an important one. An estimated 90 percent of all illnesses may be preventable if individuals would make sound personal health choice and do not like to see it restricted when it is within the legal and moral boundaries of society.The structure of American society allows us to make almost all our own personal decisions that may concern our health.If we so desire,we can smoke,drink excessively,refuse to wear seat belts,eat whatever foods we want,and live a completely sedentary life style without any exercise.The freedom to make such personal decisions is a fundamental aspect of our society,although the wisdom of these decisions can be questioned. Personal choices relative to health often cause a difficulty. As one example, a teenager may know the facts relative to smoking cigarettes and health but may be pressured by friends into believing it is the socially accepted thing to do.

A multitude of factors,both inherited and environmental,influence the development of health?related behaviors,and it is beyond the scope of this text to discuss all these factors as they may affect any given individual.However,the decision to adopt a particular health?related behavior is usually one of personal choices.There are healthy choices and there are unhealthy choices.In discussing the morals of personal choice,Fries and Grapo drew a comparison.They suggest that to knowingly give onself over to a behavior that has a statistical probability of shortening life is similar to attempting suicide.Thus,for those individuals who are interested in preserving both the quality and quantity of life,personal health choices should reflect those behaviors that are associated with a statistical probability of increased vitality and longevity.

14.Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?

A)The non?Chinese?speaking interviewer might ask the questions which have already been asked by the Chinese and hence cause confusion.

B)It is more practicable to start an interview with a few fairly standard questions in English before switching to Chinese.

C)The best procedure of an interview would seem to be beginning in Cantonese and then testing English proficiency.

D)The Chinese interviewee often politely compliments the foreign interviewer if he or she speaks cantonese if it is not actually so good in the interview.　

13.It is implied in the passage that ____.

A)Chinese are generally liable to make mistakes in English grammar and vocabular y usage

B)expatriate interviewers are generally more friendly with interviews

C)braver candidates can often get the upper hand

D)the candidates often deliver an improper message for the use of inappropriate expressions

11.The word “adversely” in the last sentence of the third paragraph is closest in meaning to ____.

A)positivelyB)negativelyC)hardD)slightly　

cerning misuses of phrasal verbs,____.

A)both Chinese and the native speakers of English find them amusing

B)the Chinese interviewers tend to be tolerant

C)the Chinese interviewers and the English native speaker interviewers often have a discussion[ZK)]

D)might sometimes become a laughing stock to the native speakers of English but draw hardly any attention from the Chinese

10.In the twentieth century class differences have been partly smoothed out by ____.

A)increased income and decreased taxation

B)taxation,social services and educational opportunities

C)education,the increase of income and industrial development

D)the decrease of the upper class population

C

Attitudes differed to small errors of grammar and usage,or inappropriateness of vocabulary and idiom,with the native speakers finding such errors a little irksome(令人厭煩的)，though sometimes amusing,while the Chinese panel members paid hardly any attention to such errors as,for example,misuse of phrasal verbs and similar usages:“When I saw the job description,I decided to apply the position.” “I expect to find out a lot of challenge in the job.”“I can deal the emergency situations efficiently.”

Errors of idiom or appropriateness caused more comment,during the post interview discussion,from the native speakers than from the Chinese panel members, on whom the errors were sometimes lost. For example, one candidate, when asked what salary he expected,replied:“I don’t care about it.”The message was clear enough,namely that he was primarily interested in the job, but the formulation of the message was not quite right.Even such ribticklers(笑話)as “I am a well?planned person .”and “I would like to expose myself in another field”(both actually heard at interviews) tended to cause lipbiting among the expatriate rather than the Chinese interviewers.

Panels with two Chinese and one expatriate used to be more common,but are becoming less common. The reason is that with more of the interview now being conducted in Chinese, the non?Chinese?speaker does not know what has already been asked and is liable to repeat in English questions that have already been covered in Chinese.This caused,naturally enough,confusion in the interviewee and can adversely affect the whole interview.

The sensible procedure would seem to be to open the interview in the mother tongue of the candidates,to put them at their ease,then at a later stage turn to English,to test English proficiency.In practice,however,possibly because of the problem mentioned in the previous paragraph when the panel contains a foreigner,it is often the reverse,with a few,fairly standard,opening questions in English,and if these are successfully answered,then the job interview properly gets underway in Cantonese.

One of the worst interview scenarios(方案)is when a foreigner who thinks she/he can speak Cantonese (but does so,in fact,badly) decides to question the interviewee in Cantonese.In other circumstances of a social nature the interviewee would no doubt politely compliment the foreigner on his or her good Cantonese,but in the seriousness of a job interview situation,the Chinese is confused and slightly embarrassed for the foreigner.These forays(初步嘗試)into Chinese usually end pretty quickly with one of the Chinese members of the panel rescuing the foreigner and continuing the interview in English.　

9.According to the passage,what did those people do who intended to make their children move up in the social ladder?

A)They saved a lot of money for their children to receive higher education.

B)They tried to find marriage partners from the children of the upper class.

C)They made greater fortunes by their wits.

D)They worked even harder to acquire social training.

8.Who were the ‘new rich’ during the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries?

A)They were still the upper class people.

B)They were owners of large factories.

C)They were intelligent industrialists.

D)They were skilled workers who made their fortune.

7.If you compare the first and second paragraph,what groups of people did Adam Smith leave out in his classification?

A)Officials and employees.B)Peasants and farmers.

C)Doctors and teachers.D)Tradesmen and landlords.

6.What criterion did Adam Smith seem to go by in his classification of social groups?

A)The amount of wealthB)The amount of money

C)The social statusD)The way of getting money