3. Stand over there ____ you'll be able to see it bet-
ter. (2004 天津)
A. or B. while
C. but D. and
2. ____ blood if you can and many lives will be
saved. (2001 上海春招)
A. Giving B. Give
C. Given D. To give
4. Having enjoyed the rides at the Headland, visitors can
take the shuttle to the low-land.
在海角游玩了騎馬之后,旅游者們可以乘火車去低地。
Having enjoyed the rides at the Headland 是現(xiàn)在分詞
的完成形式,在句中作狀語,強(qiáng)調(diào)enjoy這一動(dòng)作在
take之前發(fā)生。
Having watered the vegetables, they began to pick the
apples.
他們澆完了蔬菜之后就開始摘蘋果。
Having been told many times, he still couldn't
understand it.
已經(jīng)被告訴好幾次了。他仍然不能理解它。
[句型歸納]
[考點(diǎn)1]And if we ale feeling down or lonely, there is
nothing better than to see the smiling face of a good
friend. 如果我們情緒低落或者感到孤獨(dú),那么沒有比
看到好友的笑臉更好的了。
該句巾的 nothing better 表示最高級(jí)。例如:
There is nothing better than to be with the person who
you love very much. 沒有比與自己非常喜歡的人在一
起更好的了。
[考例 1](NMET 1996) How beautifully she sings ! I
have never ____.
A. the better voice B. a good voice
C. the best voice D. a better voice
[考查目標(biāo)] 形容詞的比較級(jí)表達(dá)最高級(jí)含義。
[答案與解析]D 句子中的never + better = best。該句
表示的是“This is the best voice that I have ever
heard.”
[考點(diǎn)2]Walk past the Big Tower Free-fall Ride and the
roller coaster will be on your left. 走過大樓自由落體車
乘。過山車就在你的左邊。
該句中的“祈使句 walk past... + and + 句子(常用…一般
將來時(shí))”為一個(gè)固定句型。“祈使句 + and + 句子”,句
子中的祈使句相當(dāng)于if條件狀語從句。句子中的
“and”還可以用“or”!癮nd I / or”也可以用破折號(hào)代替。
還要注意祈使句的其他用法。例如:
Work hard and you will achieve success in time. = If
you work hard.you will achieve Success in time. 如果你
努力學(xué)習(xí),你將來一定會(huì)取得成功。
Work hard or you'll regret some day in the future. = If
you don't work hard.you will regret some day in the
future. 如果你不努力學(xué)習(xí),你將來一定會(huì)后悔的。
[考例2](2004湖北) ____ straight on and you'll
see a church.
A. Go B. Going
C. If you go D. When going
[考查目標(biāo)] 祈使句。
[答案與解析]A 句子的意思是“一直往前走,你就會(huì)
看到一座教堂”。應(yīng)該用 go 構(gòu)成祈使句。
[考點(diǎn)3]It seems that people just can't get enough of
scary rides and exciting adventures. 仿佛人們對(duì)驚心動(dòng)
魄的兜風(fēng)和刺激冒險(xiǎn)永遠(yuǎn)玩不夠。
該句中的it seems that為形式主語的固定句型。例如:
It seems that there is no way Out of our difficulty. 我們
似乎無法擺脫困境。
it作形式主語,常見的固定句型有:
(1) It be + 名詞 + that clause
(2) It be + 形容詞 + that clause
(3) It be + 過去分詞 + that clause
(4) It seems / happened / turned out / oceurred to sb +
that clause
(5) It doesn't make any differences / doesn't matter +
that clause
(6)It + vt + sb + that clause
其中在(1)與(2)句型中有時(shí)也可以用不定式或v-ing
短語代替that從句作真正的主語。
[考例3](NMET 1995 )____ is a fact that English
is being accepted as an international language.
A. There B. This C. That D. It
[考查目標(biāo)] 形式主語。
[答案與解析]D 根據(jù)句子的結(jié)構(gòu),需要一個(gè)形式主
語。所以選it。
[考點(diǎn)4]Instead of rolling, twisting and looping like the
roller coasters, thrill rides use technology and special
effects to give you a thrill. “動(dòng)感電影”不像過山車。并
不翻滾、搖擺、翻跟頭,而是利用高科技和特技效果給
人以刺激。
該句中的instead of為復(fù)雜介詞,表示“而不是,代替,
替代”。instead of后是被否定的內(nèi)容.?梢愿~、
代詞或wing形式等,可以與in place of辛辛換。而in-
stead是一個(gè)副詞,單獨(dú)使用。instead和instead of可
以互換,但要注意結(jié)構(gòu)和語序大不相同。例如:
Instead of smiling, each of them nlade a face. 他們每個(gè)
人不是笑嘻嘻的.而是做了一個(gè)鬼臉。
She will visit the Great Wall instead of the Palace Mu-
seum. 她將去游覽長城,而不是故宮。
He didn't buy a reference book. He bought a dictionary,
instead. = He bought a dictionary instead of a reference
book yesterday. 他昨天買了一本字典,而不是一本參考
書。
They have been playing all afternoon instead of getting
on with their study. = They haven't been getting on
with their study all afternoon. They have been playing,
instead. 他們整個(gè)下午一直玩,而不是在學(xué)習(xí)。
[考例4](NMET 1998) 短文改錯(cuò):
We must keep in mind that we play for the team instead
ourselves. (92題)
[考查目標(biāo)] instead 與instead of 的區(qū)別。
[答案與解析]instead 后加of nstead后有反身代詞,
需要介詞。句子意思是“我們必須記住我們是為整個(gè)
隊(duì)比賽,而不是我們自己”。
[牛刀小試3]
l. In fact ____ is a hard job for the police to keep
order in an important football match, (2001 上海)
A. this B. that
C. there D. It
3. Many people come to theme parks looking for thrills
and entertainment.
許多人來到主題公園尋找刺激和娛樂。
句中l(wèi)ooking for thrills and entertainment用作狀語,
表示伴隨情況。
The children rail away,running and laughing.
這些孩子連跑帶笑地走r。
They stood there for an hour.watching the game.
他們站在那兒看了一個(gè)小時(shí)的比賽。
[現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語特別提示]
現(xiàn)在分洲在句中還可以表示以下幾種情況:
① 時(shí)間狀語:
Walking around the city, we were impressed by the
city's new look.
在城里走時(shí),城市的新容給我們留下深刻印象。
② 條件狀語:
Staying here for some time, you'll find the people here
are friendly.
若在此呆上一段時(shí)間,你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)這里的人們很友好。
③ 原因狀語:
Thinking he might be at home. I telephoned him.
考慮到他可能在家,我就給他打了電話。
2. While there are many different interpretations of our
body language, some gestures seem to be universal.
盡管對(duì)身勢(shì)語有許多不同的解釋,有些動(dòng)作卻好像
是全球化的。
while 此處不是引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句,作“當(dāng)……時(shí)候”
講,也不是表對(duì)比,作“而,然而……”講,而是引導(dǎo)讓
步狀語從句,意為“盡管;雖然”。
My brother is very tall while I am so short.
我弟弟很高而我卻這么矮。(表對(duì)比)
He took a bath while I was preparing dinner.
他在洗澡的時(shí)候我正在準(zhǔn)備晚餐。(當(dāng)……時(shí)候)
While she was cooking, the children were playing
outside.
她做飯時(shí),孩子們?cè)谕饷嫱妗?與……同時(shí))
While I understand your viewpoint, I don't agree with
you.
雖然我了解你的見解,我卻不同意你。(雖然,盡管)
1. In France, a person seeing the sanle gesture will think
it means zero.
在法國,一位看到這一相同手勢(shì)的人會(huì)認(rèn)為它的意
思是零。
seeing the same gesture 是現(xiàn)在分詞短語作定語,相當(dāng)
于一定語從句who sees the same gesture。中學(xué)英語
中,常用現(xiàn)在分詞作定語。單個(gè)的分詞作定語應(yīng)置
于被修飾詞之前,分詞短語作定語應(yīng)置于被修飾詞
之后。
The girl looked at the falling leaves and was sad by
herself.
女孩看著正在飄落的樹葉,暗自傷神..
The power station being built now will be one of the
largest in China.
現(xiàn)在正在建設(shè)著的發(fā)電站將是中國最大的發(fā)電站之
一。
2. emotion, feeling
這兩個(gè)名詞的一般含義都是“感情”。emotion也具
有feeling的含義,但是它的“感情”卻多了一層“激
動(dòng)”的意義。是表示喜怒哀樂等強(qiáng)烈的“感情”或者
“情緒”?梢哉femotion = strong feelings。
A smile can open doors and tear down walls, and it can
be used to expres almost any emotion.
一個(gè)笑容可以開啟封閉的門戶,可以拆除阻隔的障
礙,可以表達(dá)幾乎所有的感情。
The film aroused the emotion of the audience.
那部電影激起了觀眾們的情緒。
feeling一般表示“感覺”,feeling用復(fù)數(shù)形式表示“感
情”。feelings所表示的“感情”可以足愉快的或痛苦
的,也可以是喜愛的或厭惡的,而且這種反應(yīng)既可能
足精神的也可能是肉體的。除非根據(jù)上下文或者修
飾語,一般看不出feeling的心理反應(yīng)的性質(zhì)。
You will hurt her feelings badly if you say so.
如果你這樣說,你會(huì)深深地傷害她的感情的。
All the Chinese have very strong feelings on that
subject.
所有中國人在這個(gè)問題方面都有強(qiáng)烈的情緒。
☆句型詮釋☆
1. divide, separate
divide 側(cè)重于把原來的整體分成若干部分;separate
把原來聯(lián)合在一起的或靠近的人或物分離開來。
separate 多與 from一起搭配使用。
[提示] divide 構(gòu)成的習(xí)慣搭配;
divide sth. in half / into halves 把……分成兩半
Only a narrow strait separates North America from
Asia.
僅僅一條海峽把北美洲與亞洲分開了。
Divide line A into six equal parts.
將線段A分為六等份。
4. Our flight was ____ by the thick fog. So we
didn't attend the meeting on time.
A. broken off B. kept up
C. taken up D. held up
☆詞語比較☆
3. If traffic moves at low speeds, the number of acci-
dents is ____.
A. pulled back B. cut down
C. cut off D. turned off
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