4.作狀語
While lying in bed, he listened to some music.
Seen from the hill, the village looks move beautiful.
分詞作狀語時,它的邏輯主語就是句子的主語,否則分詞前面必須有自己的主語。
3.作賓語補足語
I heard him singing a song in the classroom.
We found the ground covered with snow.
2.作表語
We are excited at the news.
The news he told us is exciting.
分詞是動詞非謂語形式的一種,包括現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞,F(xiàn)在分詞表示:主動,動作正在進行。過去分詞表示:被動,動作已經(jīng)完成。
(一)分詞的作用
分詞在句中可以作定語、表語、狀語和賓語補足語。例如:
1.作定語
Do you know the boy standing at the gate?
Have you read the book written by Lu Xun?
5. 完成被動式to have been done
例如:The boy is said to have been sent to hospital yesterday.
4. 被動式to be done
例如:The work is to be done soon.
3. 完成式to have done
例如:He seemed to have cleaned the room.
2. 進行式to be doing
例如:He seemed to be reading something at that time.
1. 一般式to do
例如:I like to read English.
4.動詞不定式與疑問詞連用
疑問代詞who, what, which和疑問副詞when, where, how, why等后面可以接動詞不定式,構(gòu)成動詞不定式短語,可以在句子中作主語、賓語、表語等成分。
例如:(1) He doesn’t know how to use the machine.
(不定式作賓語)
(2) How to use the machine is a question.
(不定式作主語)
(3) The question is when to go there.
(不定式作表語)
(二)動詞不定式的時態(tài)和被動形式
動詞不定式是非謂語動詞的一種,由不定式符號(to)加動詞原形構(gòu)成。不定式的形式有五種:
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