4. The WTO cannot live up to its name ____ it does not include a country that is home to one fifth of mankind. (NMET 2000)

A. as long as　 B. while　 C. if　　 D. even though

3. Michael ____ be a policeman, for he is much too short. (1994 上海)

A. needn't　 B. can't　　 C. should　 D. may

2. My sister met him at the Grand Theater yesterday after- noon so he ____ your lecture. (2002 上海)

A. couldn't have attended　　 B. needn't have attended

C. mustn't have attended　　 D. shouldn't have attended

1.-- Excuse me, is this the right way to the Summer Palace?

-- Sorry. I’m not sure. But it ____ be. (2004 湖北)

A. might　 B. will　 C. must　　 D. can

5. x times + n. 通過(guò)結(jié)構(gòu)，應(yīng)掌握英語(yǔ)里表示倍數(shù)的表達(dá)句型。

A is x times the size (height, length, width...) of B.

A is x times as big (high, long, wide...) as B．

A is x times + adj.-er than B.

The size (height, length, width...) of A is x times that of B.

The meeting-room is three times the size of our office. = The size of the meeting-room is three times that of our office.

三倍以下通常用double或者twice來(lái)表達(dá)兩倍。His weight is double what it was ten years ago. / This railway is twice longer than that one. / The room is twice the size of that one. = This room is twice as big as that one.

☆句型歸納☆

[考點(diǎn)1]As far as I know... 據(jù)我所知……

as far as是連詞，本意為“和……一樣遠(yuǎn)”。引申意為“就 ……(程度，范圍) 而言，至于，盡……”。類似的還有：as long as“和……一樣長(zhǎng)”�！爸灰�”；as good as“和……一樣好”�！皩�(shí)際上，事實(shí)上，和……幾乎一樣”；as well as “和……一樣好”，“既……又……，不但……而且……”。例如：As far as I know, he isn't coming to the party. 就我所知，他不會(huì)來(lái)參加這次聚會(huì)。As far as he is concerned, he can't afford such an expensive car. 就他而青，他買(mǎi)不起這么貴的汽車(chē)。

[考例1](2004北京、安徽) ____ I can see, there is only one possible way to keep away from the danger.

A. As long as　 B. As far as　 C. Just as　 D. Even if

[考查目標(biāo)] 本題考查連詞的用法。

[答案與解析]B　 選項(xiàng)A中的 as long as 表示“只要”；選項(xiàng)B中的 as far as 跟其后的I can see 一起表示“據(jù)我看，據(jù)我所知”；選項(xiàng) C 中的Just as表示“就在……時(shí)”；選項(xiàng)D中的Even if表示“即使”。

[考點(diǎn)2]lf you offered me six times what you have just offered, I would still take my pound of flesh. 如果你給我已經(jīng)支付的六倍的錢(qián)。我還是要拿走我的那磅肉。倍數(shù)的表達(dá)方式有如下幾種：

① A + be + 倍數(shù) + the + 長(zhǎng)(寬、高)的名詞形式 + of + B。例如：

The new building is four times the size of the old one. 新房的面積是舊房的四倍。

② A + be + 倍數(shù) + 形容詞或副詞的比較級(jí) + than + B。例如： The sun is a million times larger than the earth. 太陽(yáng)比地球大100萬(wàn)倍。

③ A + be或其他動(dòng)詞 + 倍數(shù) + as + 形容詞或副詞的原級(jí) + as + B。例如：The car runs three times as fast as I walk. 汽年行駛的速度是我走路的三倍。

[考例2](2004全國(guó)卷 III) It is reported that the United

States use ____ energy as the whole of Europe.

A. as twice　　　　　 B. twice much

C. twice much as　　　 D. twice as much

[考查目標(biāo)]本題考查倍數(shù)的表達(dá)方式。

[答案與解析]D　 表示倍數(shù)的名詞要放在as...as的前面。

[考點(diǎn)3]We can find several such ideas in Shakespeare's play The Merchant of Venice. 在莎士比亞的作品《威尼斯商人》中。我們可以找到好些這樣的理念。

在本句中find表示“找到，發(fā)現(xiàn)，發(fā)覺(jué)，感到”，后接名詞、形容詞、副詞、現(xiàn)在分詞、過(guò)去分詞、介詞短語(yǔ)等作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。例如：Tom has found his short-wave radio very helpful. 湯姆發(fā)覺(jué)短波收音機(jī)很有用。Jim found it hard to take the crowded bus. 吉姆覺(jué)得很難搭上擁擠不堪的公車(chē)。

[考例3](NMET 2003) A cook will be immediately fired if he is found ____ in the kitchen.

A. smoke　　 B. smoking　 C. to smoke　　 D. smoked

[考查目標(biāo)]本題考查find后接賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的用法。

[答案與解析]B　 find后接現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)，表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行；接過(guò)去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)，表示動(dòng)作的“完成和被動(dòng)”。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，廚師在廚房抽煙要被開(kāi)除，但是要抓住把柄．只能是他“正在抽煙”。

[考點(diǎn)4]For trade and cultural links as well as life in Britain and the construction of a building such as Stone- henge。people in the Bronze Age must have had knowledge about certain things and certain fields of science. 鑒于貿(mào)易與文化的聯(lián)系及英國(guó)生活和像巨石陣的建筑結(jié)構(gòu)。青銅時(shí)代的人一定了解很多事情并對(duì)一些科學(xué)領(lǐng)域有所涉及。

must可以用來(lái)表示對(duì)事情的肯定的推測(cè)：對(duì)現(xiàn)在的推測(cè)用must + 原形動(dòng)詞，對(duì)過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情的推測(cè)用must + have done。如果把握不大，則可用may / might + 原形動(dòng)詞表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在的推測(cè)，用may / might + have done 表示對(duì)過(guò)去的推測(cè)。而can / could + 原形動(dòng)詞 (表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在的推測(cè))以及can / could + have done (表示對(duì)過(guò)去的推測(cè))一般用于否定或疑問(wèn)句。例如：It is possible that the King of Stonehenge was linked to the stones: he may have had a hand in planning the monument, or in helping transport and pull up the stones. 可能這個(gè)巨石王和這些石頭有關(guān)系：他可能參與策劃建立這個(gè)紀(jì)念碑，或者幫助運(yùn)輸和豎起巨石。It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet. 地上是濕的，昨晚一定下雨了。

[考例4](2003上海)My English-Chinese dictionary has

disappeared. Who ____ have taken it?

A. should　　 B. must　　 C. could　　 D. would

[考查目標(biāo)]本題考查不同的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞在推測(cè)(或猜測(cè))句型中，分別表示不同把握(或語(yǔ)氣)程度的區(qū)別。

[答案與解析]C　 should have done表示“本來(lái)應(yīng)該做某事而實(shí)際上來(lái)做”；must have done 表示“一定做了某事”；could have done表示“可能做了某事”，同時(shí)，could用于疑問(wèn)句；would have done表示“應(yīng)該會(huì)做某事”。根據(jù)上下文語(yǔ)境“我的英漢詞典不見(jiàn)了”，可知“可能會(huì)是誰(shuí)拿走的呢?”

[牛刀小試3]

3. as...as... 與比較級(jí)的用法

(1) ...as + 形容詞(副詞)原級(jí) + as...；not as / so + 形容詞 (副詞) 原級(jí) + as... I study as hard as you. 我學(xué)習(xí)和你一樣努力。He doesn't get up as / so early as his parents.他起床沒(méi)有他父母親早。

(2)……倍數(shù) + as + 形容詞(副詞)原級(jí) + as... Line AB is 3 times as long as Line CD. = Line AB is twice longer than / 3 times the length of Line CD. 線段AB是線段CD的三倍長(zhǎng)。

(3) as + 形容詞 + a / an + 單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞 + as；as + 形容詞 + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞 + as I haven't got as much money as I thought. 我的錢(qián)沒(méi)有我想像的那么多。

(4) as much / many as 多達(dá)……，……那么多This factory produces as much as 100 tons of steel a day. 這家工廠每天產(chǎn)鐵 100 噸。As many as 700 different languages are spoken in Africa. 在非洲人們所說(shuō)的語(yǔ)言多達(dá)700多種。

2. “……就……”英語(yǔ)表達(dá)法

(1) as soon as 歸納：

as soon as 引出的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句既可以放在主句之前，也可放在主句之后，表示它所指的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在另一分句所指的動(dòng)作之前。

as soon as 可以與動(dòng)詞的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，一般過(guò)去時(shí)或完成時(shí)態(tài)連用，主句的動(dòng)詞使用相應(yīng)的動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在時(shí)，過(guò)去時(shí)或?qū)��?lái)時(shí)。He started as soon as he received the news.

他一得到消息就出發(fā)了。As soon as he had got into the car, I said "good morning" to him in French and he replied in the same language. 他一上車(chē)，我就用法語(yǔ)向他道了聲早安，他也用法語(yǔ)作了回答。

(2) hardly / scarcely / barely...when / before...no sooner... than...歸納：

注意搭配關(guān)系：hardly / scarcely / barely和no sooner不可以放在when / before和than之后。hardly / scarcely / barely和no sooner否定詞位于句首時(shí)，句中的主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)必須部分倒裝。hardly / scarcely / barely和no sooner引導(dǎo)的是主句，表示它的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在從句之前，故常用過(guò)去完成時(shí)；而when / before和than引導(dǎo)的從句只能與一般過(guò)去時(shí)連用。該句型含驚奇之意。Mrs Winthrop had no sooner left the room than they began to gossip about her.溫思羅太太剛離開(kāi)房間，他們就議論起她來(lái)了。Scarcely / Hardly / Barely had he begun to speak when I sensed that he was in trouble. 他剛一開(kāi)口，我就感到他遇到麻煩事了。No sooner had we set out than a thunderstorm broke.我們一動(dòng)身就遇上了大雷雨。

(3) the moment / the instant 歸納：名詞短語(yǔ)the moment / instant / minute / second 和副詞immediately / directly 可以用做連詞，相當(dāng)于as soon as，引導(dǎo)的是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句；從句既可放在句首，也可放在句中。 The moment I saw him, I knew that there was no hope. 一見(jiàn)到他，我就知道沒(méi)希望了。The instant you leave this tent, you will get a big surprise. 你一出帳篷，便會(huì)大吃一驚。We will leave the minute you're ready. 你一準(zhǔn)備好，我們就走。She returned immediately she heard the bad news. 她一聽(tīng)到這個(gè)壞消息，就返了回來(lái)。I left directly the clock struck twelve. 鐘一敲十二點(diǎn)我就離開(kāi)了。

(4) on + 動(dòng)名詞 (或表示動(dòng)作的名詞)歸納：動(dòng)名詞(或名詞)結(jié)構(gòu)表示它所表達(dá)的動(dòng)作剛一發(fā)生或完成，句子謂語(yǔ)所表示的動(dòng)作就接著發(fā)生。它相當(dāng)于as soon as 引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。On arriving in England, they were taken to the Crystal Palace by train. 他們一到英國(guó)便乘火車(chē)去水晶宮。He was greeted by the Prime Minister on his arrival at the airport. 他一到機(jī)場(chǎng)，便受到總理的歡迎�！　�

另外，each time，every time 如同上面四種類型一樣，可直接用作從屬連詞，引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句。Every time I listen to his advice, I get into trouble. 我每次聽(tīng)了他的勸告，都會(huì)遇到麻煩。I'll think of my hometown each time I listen to that song. 我每次聽(tīng)這首歌，都會(huì)想起家鄉(xiāng)。

1. Next to him lay a cushion, upon which the man could work metal.

本句前半句為倒裝句。正常的語(yǔ)序?yàn)锳 cushion lay next to him，倒裝的目的是為了強(qiáng)調(diào)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)。In front of my house stands a tall tree which can be seen from far away. / At the foot of the hill lies a large lake．

5. They were lost at sea, ____ the mercy of winds and waves.

A. in　　 B. on　　　 C. at　　 D. under

☆句型詮釋☆

4. The wealth of a country should be measured in ____ of the health and happiness of its people as well as the material goods it can produce.

A. terms　　 B. charge　 C. time　　 D. honor