解:(1)7.8×
+2.2×20%,
=7.8×0.2+2.2×0.2,
=(7.8+2.2)×0.2,
=10×0.2,
=2;
(2)0.5×[5
÷﹙
-
﹚],
=0.5×[
÷
],
=0.5×[
×
],
=0.5×
,
=3.2;
(3)(198+32×72)-2472÷24,
=(198+2304)-103,
=[(200-2)+(2300+4)]-103,
=[200+2300+(4-2)]-103,
=2500+2-(100+3),
=2500-100-(3-2),
=2400-1,
=-2399;
(4)4
×[2.6+
-(0.65+1
)]÷2
,
=4
×[2.6+
-0.65-1
]÷2
,
=4
×[2.6-0.65-(1
-
)]×
,
=
×[1.95-1]×
,
=
×0.95×
,
=1.52.
分析:(1)把分數(shù)和百分數(shù)化成小數(shù),運用乘法分配律的逆運算簡算;
(2)先算下括號內的,再算中括號內的,最后算括號外的;
(3)先算括號內的乘法和括號外的2472÷24,得=(198+2304)-103,把198看作200-2,把2304看作2300+4,把103看作100+3,運用加法交換律與結合律簡算;
(4)中括號內先去小括號,運用加法交換律與結合律簡算,得
×0.95×
,因為0.95能與5約分,不用化成分數(shù),直接約分即可.
點評:在脫式計算中,特別注意運算順序和運算法則,對分數(shù)、小數(shù)、百分數(shù)的互化要細心,根據(jù)題目情況,靈活處理.注意運用所學定律,進行簡算.