計算下面各題,能簡算的要簡算.
①35×1.25×2×0.8
②4.8÷(1.2+0.4)
③3.9×10.1.
④78+3.78×99
⑤(7.7+1.547)÷0.7.
解:①35×1.25×2×0.8
=(1.25×0.8)×(35×2),
=1×70,
=70;
②4.8÷(1.2+0.4),
=4.8÷1.6,
=3;
③3.9×10.1,
=3.9×(10+0.1),
=3.9×10+3.9×0.1,
=39+0.39,
=39.39;
④78+3.78×99,
=78+3.78×(100-1),
=78+3.78×100-3.78×1,
=78+378-3.78,
=452.22;
⑤(7.7+1.547)÷0.7
=9.247÷0.7,
=13.21.
分析:算式①可根據(jù)乘法交換律及結(jié)合律進行簡便計算;
算式③可將10.1拆分為10+0.1然后根據(jù)乘法分配律進行簡便計算;
算式④可據(jù)湊整法將3.78×99 變?yōu)?.78×(100-1)進行計算;
算式②⑤根據(jù)四則混合運算的運算順序計算即可.
點評:完成此類問題要認真分析式中數(shù)據(jù)的特點及內(nèi)在聯(lián)系,尋找合適的簡便方法進行計算.