解:①12.5×0.25×320,
=(12.5×80)×(0.25×4),
=1000×1,
=1000;
②4.57×0.36+4.57×0.64,
=4.57×(0.36+0.64),
=4.57×1,
=4.57;
③103×2.4,
=(100+3)×2.4,
=100×2.4+3×2.4,
=240+7.2,
=247.2;
④78.6÷12.5÷0.8,
=78.6÷(12.5×0.8),
=78.6÷10,
=7.86;
⑤48×0.25×5,
=(8×0.25)×(6×5),
=2×30,
=60;
⑥15.72÷(3.8-3.2×0.75),
=15.72÷(3.8-2.4),
=15.72÷1.4,
=11
.
分析:①12.5×0.25×320是把320拆成80×4,再利用乘法的結(jié)合律和交換律計算簡便;
②4.57×0.36+4.57×0.64利用乘法的分配律計算簡便;
③103×2.4把103變成(100+3);
④78.6÷12.5÷0.8變成78.6÷(12.5×0.8)計算簡便;
⑤48×0.25×5把48拆成8×6再利用乘法的結(jié)合律計算簡便;
⑥15.72÷(3.8-3.2×0.75)按四則運算的順序計算.
點評:考查了運算定律與簡便運算,四則混合運算.注意運算順序和運算法則,靈活運用所學(xué)的運算律簡便計算.