考點(diǎn):求比值和化簡(jiǎn)比
專(zhuān)題:比和比例
分析:(1)有單位名稱(chēng)的先把比的兩項(xiàng)的單位統(tǒng)一,再根據(jù)比的基本性質(zhì)作答,即比的前項(xiàng)和后項(xiàng)同時(shí)乘或除以一個(gè)數(shù)(0除外)比值不變;
(2)用比的前項(xiàng)除以后項(xiàng),如果有單位名稱(chēng),要先把單位統(tǒng)一,再用比的前項(xiàng)除以后項(xiàng)即可.
解答:
解:(1)
:
=(
×14):(
×14)
=6:7;
:
=
÷
=
;
(2)12:
=(12×
):(
×)
=32:1;
12:
=12÷
=32;
(3)
:0.3
=(
×90):(0.3×90)
=70:27;
:0.3
=
÷0.3
=
;
(4)2.4分米:0.3米
=2.4分米:(0.3×10分米)
=2.4:3
=(2.4×
):(3×
)
=4:5;
2.4分米:0.3米
=2.4分米:(0.3×10分米)
=2.4:3
=2.4÷3
=0.8.
點(diǎn)評(píng):此題考查化簡(jiǎn)比和求比值的方法,要注意區(qū)分:化簡(jiǎn)比是根據(jù)比的基本性質(zhì)進(jìn)行化簡(jiǎn)的,結(jié)果仍是一個(gè)比;求比值是用比的前項(xiàng)除以后項(xiàng)所得的商,結(jié)果是一個(gè)數(shù),可以是小數(shù)、分?jǐn)?shù)和整數(shù).