分析:(1)去絕對值號,再做加減;
(2)先乘,后減;
(3)先把除法轉(zhuǎn)化為乘法,再運用乘法的分配律計算;
(4)乘除同級運算,先確定符號,再從左到右算;
(5)(6)按照有理數(shù)混合運算的順序,先乘方后乘除最后算加減,有括號的先算括號里面的;
(7)(8)按去括號法則,先去括號,再合并同類項.
解答:解:(1-)-12+15-|-7-8|=-12+15-15=-12
(2)(-3)×(-9)-(-5)=27+5=32
(3)
(-+-)÷=(-
+
-
)×12=-10+8-9=-11
(4)1÷(-3)×(-
)=1×
×
=
(5)
(-3)2-(-1)3×-6÷(-)2=9-(-
)×
-6×
=9+
-
=
-(6)
-22×{[4÷(-4)+(-0•4)]÷(-)}=-4×{[
×(-
)-
]×(-3)}=-4×[(-
-
)×(-3)]=-4×4.7=-18.8
(7)(x
2+2xy+y
2)-(x
2-xy+y
2)=x
2+2xy+y
2-x
2+xy-y
2=3xy
(8)9a
2-[7a
2-2a-2(a
2-3a)]-3=9a
2-7a
2+2a+2a
2-6a-3=4a
2-4a-3
點評:本題考查的是有理數(shù)的運算能力.注意:
(1)要正確掌握運算順序、運算律、運算法則,
(2)靈活地利用簡便算法準確進行有理數(shù)的混合運算.