Question

【題目】During the past week, Beijing has been covered with thick smog that is forecast to stay until this weekend at least.

The smog, covering 1.43 million square kilometers mainly in northern China, made the Beijing government give an orange alert - the second-highest warning - and ordered people not to leave their homes.

A study in 2013 by researchers at Tsinghua University said that there were more than 1,300 microbes(可吸入顆粒) in the atmosphere over Beijing. Although most of them may do no harm to human health, the number still makes people worried.

Zhuang Guoshun, director of the Center for Atmospheric Chemistry Study at Fudan University, said Beijing is covered by smog for an average of 60 percent of the year, while the number for Shanghai is 30 to 50 percent.

However, research studies have found that higher air pollution levels do not exactly mean higher risks of early death or other health illnesses.

One of the scientists' main attentions is the level of PM2.5 - floating matter of 2.5 microns (微米)or smaller, which can go deep into the lungs(肺) and even enter the blood.

Guangzhou and Shanghai in the south of China have slightly higher relative risks to early death from the effects of PM2.5 than Xi'an and Beijing in the north, even though the levels of PM2.5 in the northern cities were nearly twice those in the south, according to a study published in September 2013, led by Pan Xiaochuan, a professor at Peking University's School of Public Health.

【1】What colour warning is the second-highest one?

A. Blue. B. Orange. C. Red. D. Black.

【2】The third paragraph mainly tells us that __________．

A. the number of microbes worries people B. smog does no harm to our health

C. the professor is from Fudan University D. Beijing must pay attention to the pollution now

【3】According to the fourth paragraph, we can see that in a year Shanghai is covered with smog at least __________ days.

A. 73 B. 110 C. 146 D. 183

【4】Which city has a little higher relative risk to early death from PM 2.5?

A. Xi’an B. Beijing C. Nanjing D. Guangzhou

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】B

【2】A

【3】B

【4】D

【解析】短文報(bào)道了在過去的一周里，北京上空一直籠罩著霧霾。清華大學(xué)研究人員在2013年進(jìn)行的一項(xiàng)研究表明，北京上空的大氣中有1300多種可吸入微生物，雖然它們中的大多數(shù)對人體健康沒有危害，但這個(gè)數(shù)字仍然讓人擔(dān)憂。然而，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，較高的空氣污染水平并不意味著早死或其他健康疾病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)更高。在PM 2.5相同的情況下，南方的城市早期死亡相對風(fēng)險(xiǎn)更高些。

【1】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中句子“The smog, covering 1.43 million square kilometers mainly in northern China, made the Beijing government give an orange alert - the second-highest warning - and ordered people not to leave their homes.”可知，橙色預(yù)警是第二級(jí)別高的預(yù)警，故答案為B。

【2】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文中句子“Although most of them may do no harm to human health, the number still makes people worried.”可知，雖然它中的大多數(shù)對人體健康沒有危害，但這個(gè)數(shù)字仍然讓人擔(dān)憂。 故此段主要告訴我們可吸入微生物的數(shù)量令人擔(dān)憂。答案為A。

【3】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中句子“Beijing is covered by smog for an average of 60 percent of the year, while the number for Shanghai is 30 to 50 percent.” 上海的煙霧覆蓋率為全年%30至50%。也就是在110天到183天之間，至少110天，答案為B。

【4】推理判斷題。題干是詢問哪個(gè)城市對PM 2.5的早期死亡有相對較高的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)？根據(jù)文中句子“Guangzhou and Shanghai in the south of China have slightly higher relative risks to early death from the effects of PM2.5 than Xi'an and Beijing in the north,”可知，在PM 2.5相同的情況下，南方的城市早期死亡相對風(fēng)險(xiǎn)更高些，相對于四個(gè)選項(xiàng)，廣州在中國的最南方，故答案為D。