Question

【題目】下面文章中有五處需要添加首句。請(qǐng)從以下選項(xiàng)（A、B、C、D、E和F）中選出符合各段意思的首句。選項(xiàng)中有一項(xiàng)是多余選項(xiàng)。

A desert is a very dry land where there is hardly any rain. In the day, it can be so hot that you could fry an egg on the ground. But during the night it is sometimes so cold that water would turn into ice.

【1】. But some have mountains, rocks, or lakes that have dried up in the heat. The Sahara Desert in Africa is mostly sand. The Australian Desert has red sand.

【2】. But there is water deep under the ground and some plants have roots that go very deep to find it. Other plants have roots that spread out a long way so they can take in the rain as soon as it falls. Camels are living in the deserts. They store water--inside their bodies.

【3】. They have to be very good at seeing and hearing because most of them only come out at night. This is why many desert animals have extra big eyes or ears.

【4】. But they always make their homes near an oasis. An oasis is where water comes from an underground river. Near an oasis, people can grow lots of plants and keep animals.

【5】. But desert people like to live there. So do the desert animals and plants.

A. There are some other animals live in deserts, too.

B. A desert fox has bigger ears than a normal fox.

C. Many deserts are covered in sand.

D. Some people live in the desert.

E. Sometimes it does not rain for a whole year.

F. Life is hard in the desert.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】C

【2】E

【3】A

【4】D

【5】F

【解析】

本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了一些關(guān)于沙漠的知識(shí)。

【1】句意：許多沙漠都被沙子覆蓋著。

根據(jù)下文But some have mountains, rocks, or lakes that have dried up in the heat可知，有一些沙漠有山體、巖石和在高溫下干涸的湖泊，其中but提示前一句所提到的應(yīng)該也是“沙漠里有什么”，且與這些（山、巖石和在高溫下干涸的湖泊）不同，再根據(jù)下文The Sahara Desert in Africa is mostly sand. The Australian Desert has red sand可知，非洲的撒哈拉沙漠大部分是沙子，澳大利亞沙漠有紅色的沙子，可推斷本段首句句意應(yīng)與“沙漠里面有沙子”有關(guān)，C選項(xiàng)Many deserts are covered in sand符合句意，故應(yīng)選C。

【2】句意：有時(shí)一整年都不下雨。

根據(jù)下文But there is water deep under the ground可知，地表深處有水，本句與句首為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故句首句意應(yīng)與缺水有關(guān)，E選項(xiàng)Sometimes it does not rain for a whole year符合句意，故應(yīng)選E。

【3】句意：還有其他一些動(dòng)物也生活在沙漠里。

根據(jù)下文This is why many desert animals have extra big eyes or ears可知，這就是為什么沙漠的動(dòng)物有大眼睛大耳朵的原因，可推出句首句意與動(dòng)物有關(guān)，且根據(jù)many desert animals可知不只是說(shuō)一種動(dòng)物，A、B選項(xiàng)中A選項(xiàng)There are some other animals live in deserts, too更為符合句意，故應(yīng)選A。

【4】句意：有些人住在沙漠里。

根據(jù)下文they always make their homes near oasis可知，他們會(huì)把家安在綠洲附近，那里有地下水，可以種植物和養(yǎng)動(dòng)物，所講內(nèi)容和人類(lèi)居住相關(guān)，D選項(xiàng)Some people live in the desert符合句意，故應(yīng)選D。

【5】句意：沙漠里的生活很艱苦。

根據(jù)下文But desert people like to live there. So do the desert animals and plants可知，但是人們喜歡住在那里，沙漠的動(dòng)物和植物也是，本句與句首為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，可知首句句意與居住環(huán)境或條件不佳有關(guān)，F選項(xiàng)Life is hard in the desert符合句意，故應(yīng)選F。

觀察本題不難知道，每段話都是圍繞一個(gè)中心意思寫(xiě)的，而每一段的首句就是本段的中心句，中心句和其他句子是一種概括和闡釋的關(guān)系。

要做這類(lèi)型的題目，只需要找到中心句與其他句子的關(guān)聯(lián)即可。以第1小題和第2小題為例。第1小題從后面的句子中可以找到山體、巖石、湖泊、沙子等關(guān)鍵詞，可推斷該段與沙漠的地表覆蓋物有關(guān)，去到選項(xiàng)中進(jìn)行尋找，C選項(xiàng)Many deserts are covered in sand顯然說(shuō)的就是沙漠的地表覆蓋物大多是沙子，所以C選項(xiàng)是本小題正確答案。第2小題從后面的句子中可以找到一個(gè)關(guān)鍵詞，就是水，去到選項(xiàng)中進(jìn)行尋找，六個(gè)選項(xiàng)中與水有關(guān)的只有E選項(xiàng)Sometimes it does not rain for a whole year中提到的降雨，所以E選項(xiàng)是本小題正確答案。