Question

15．為研究交感神經(jīng)和副交感神經(jīng)對(duì)心臟的支配作用，分別測(cè)定狗在正常情況、阻斷副交感神經(jīng)和阻斷交感神經(jīng)后的心率，結(jié)果如表所示．下列分析正確的是（　�。�

實(shí)驗(yàn)處理	心率（次/分）
正常情況	90
阻斷副交感神經(jīng)	180
阻斷交感神經(jīng)	70

• A． 副交感神經(jīng)興奮引起心臟搏動(dòng)減慢
• B． 對(duì)心臟支配占優(yōu)勢(shì)的是副交感神經(jīng)
• C． 交感神經(jīng)和副交感神經(jīng)的作用是相互協(xié)同的
• D． 正常情況下，交感神經(jīng)和副交感神經(jīng)均可檢測(cè)到膜電位變化

Answer 1

分析 根據(jù)表格分析，阻斷副交感神經(jīng)，心率大幅度提高，說(shuō)明副交感神經(jīng)對(duì)心臟搏動(dòng)起抑制作用．阻斷交感神經(jīng)心率降低，說(shuō)明交感神經(jīng)對(duì)心臟搏動(dòng)起促進(jìn)作用．副交感神經(jīng)與交感神經(jīng)的作用相互拮抗．

解答 解：A、由圖知，阻斷副交感神經(jīng)心率大幅度提高，說(shuō)明副交感神經(jīng)對(duì)心臟搏動(dòng)起抑制作用，A正確；
B、由圖知，阻斷副交感神經(jīng)心率大幅度提高．阻斷交感神經(jīng)心率降低的變化并不明顯，B正確；
C、阻斷副交感神經(jīng)，心率大幅度提高，說(shuō)明副交感神經(jīng)對(duì)心臟搏動(dòng)起抑制作用．阻斷交感神經(jīng)心率降低，說(shuō)明交感神經(jīng)對(duì)心臟搏動(dòng)起促進(jìn)作用．副交感神經(jīng)與交感神經(jīng)的作用相互拮抗，C錯(cuò)誤；
D、阻斷副交感神經(jīng)，阻斷交感神經(jīng)，心率均有變化，說(shuō)明正常情況副交感神經(jīng)與交感神經(jīng)均處于工作狀態(tài)．所以均可以檢測(cè)到膜電位變化，D正確．
故選：ABD．

點(diǎn)評(píng) 本題考查交感神經(jīng)和負(fù)交感神經(jīng)對(duì)心臟的相互關(guān)系，意在考查學(xué)生分析表格和解決問(wèn)題的能力，難度不大．