已知函數(shù)f(x)=-x3+ax2+bx+c圖象上的點(diǎn)P(1,f(1))處的切線方程為y=-3x+1,函數(shù)g(x)=f(x)-ax2+3是奇函數(shù).
(1)求函數(shù)f(x)的表達(dá)式;
(2)求函數(shù)f(x)的極值.
分析:(1)由題意先求f(x)的導(dǎo)函數(shù),利用導(dǎo)數(shù)的幾何含義和切點(diǎn)的實(shí)質(zhì)及g(x)為奇函數(shù)建立a,b,c的方程求解即可;
(2)有(1)可知函數(shù)f(x)的解析式,先對(duì)函數(shù)f(x)求導(dǎo),再利用極值概念加以求解即可.
解答:解:(1)f′(x)=-3x
2+2ax+b,
∵函數(shù)f(x)在x=1處的切線斜率為-3,
∴f′(1)=-3+2a+b=-3,即2a+b=0,
又f(1)=-1+a+b+c=-2得a+b+c=-1,
又函數(shù)g(x)=-x
3+bx+c+3是奇函數(shù),
∴c=-3.∴a=-2,b=4,c=-3,
∴f(x)=-x
3-2x
2+4x-3.
(2)f′(x)=-3x
2-4x+4=-(3x-2)(x+2),令f(x)=0,得x=
或x=-2,
當(dāng)x∈(-∞,-2)時(shí),f
′(x)<0,函數(shù)f(x)在此區(qū)間上單調(diào)遞減;
當(dāng)x∈
(-2,)時(shí),f
′(x)>0,函數(shù)f(x)在此區(qū)間單調(diào)遞增;
當(dāng)x∈
(,+∞)時(shí),f
′(x)<0,函數(shù)f(x)在此區(qū)間上單調(diào)遞減;
所以f(x)
極小=f(-2)=-11,f(x)
極大=f
()=-..
點(diǎn)評(píng):(1)此問(wèn)重點(diǎn)考查了導(dǎo)函數(shù)的幾何意義,奇函數(shù)的概念和切點(diǎn)的定義,還考查了方程的數(shù)學(xué)思想;
(2)此問(wèn)考查了函數(shù)的極值的定義和求極值的方法.