如圖,質量為m=1kg的木樁豎直插在沙中,質量為M=4kg的鐵錘從木樁的正上方離木樁上端H=5m高處自由落下,鐵錘擊中木樁后不反彈,在極短時間內兩者達到共同速度一起豎直向下運動,經時間t=0.1s停下.(不計空氣阻力和碰撞時間,g取10m/s2)求:                                                                                                          

①鐵錘和木樁的共同速度大。                                                                                 

②木樁受到沙的平均作用力大。                                                                              

                                                                                                                   

                                                                                                                                  


解:①鐵錘下落過程,機械能守恒,由機械能守恒定律:

,

打入數(shù)據(jù)得:v1=10m/s,m/s,

鐵錘與木樁相撞過程動量守恒,以鐵錘的初速度方向為正方向,由動量守恒定律得:

Mv1=(M+m)v2,

代入數(shù)據(jù)得:v2=8m/s;

②鐵錘和木樁一起向下運動,由動量定理:

(F﹣Mg﹣mg)t=(M+m)v2,

代入數(shù)據(jù)得:F=450N;

答:①鐵錘和木樁的共同速度大小為8m/s;

②木樁受到沙的平均作用力大小為450N.


練習冊系列答案
相關習題

科目:高中物理 來源: 題型:


如圖所示,傾角θ=37°的斜面底端B平滑連接著半徑r=0.40m的豎直光滑圓軌道.質量m=0.50kg的小物塊,從距地面h=2.7m處沿斜面由靜止開始下滑,小物塊與斜面間的動摩擦因數(shù)μ=0.25,求:(sin37°=0.6,cos37°=0.8,g=10m/s2)                                                                                                                                 

(1)物塊滑到斜面底端B時的速度大。                                                                  

(2)物塊運動到圓軌道的最高點A時,對圓軌道的壓力大。                                  

                                                                                     

                                                                                                                                  

查看答案和解析>>

科目:高中物理 來源: 題型:


如圖電路中,當滑動變阻器滑動鍵P向下移動時,則(                          )                   

                                                                                              

    A. A燈變亮、B燈變亮、C燈變亮  B.  A燈變亮、B燈變亮、C燈變暗

    C. A燈變亮、B燈變暗、C燈變暗  D. A燈變亮、B燈變暗、C燈變亮

                                                                                                                                    

查看答案和解析>>

科目:高中物理 來源: 題型:


有一根細長而均勻的金屬管線樣品,橫截面如圖1.由于某研究需要用螺旋測微器和游標卡尺(20分度)分別測量金屬管橫截面邊長a和金屬管線的長度L,螺旋測微器如圖2和游標卡尺的示數(shù)如圖3所示,金屬管橫截面邊長a=        mm.金屬管線的長度L=                                                                                                    cm.

                        

                                                                                                                                    

查看答案和解析>>

科目:高中物理 來源: 題型:


如圖所示,MNPQ是一塊截面為正方形的玻璃磚,其邊長MN=30cm.一束激光AB射到玻璃磚的MQ面上(入射點為B)進入玻璃磚后在QP面上的F點(圖中未畫出)發(fā)生全反射,恰沿DC方向射出.其中B為MQ的中點,∠ABM=30°,PD=7.5cm,∠CDN=30°.                                                                                                            

①畫出激光束在玻璃磚內的光路示意圖,求出QP面上的反射點F到Q點的距離QF;                                    

②求出該玻璃磚的折射率.                                                                                        

③求出激光束在玻璃磚內的傳播速度(真空中光速c=3×108m/s).                               

                                                                                       

                                                                                                                                  

查看答案和解析>>

科目:高中物理 來源: 題型:


(1)將一個水平彈簧振子從平衡位置向左拉開5cm,然后無初速釋放.振子經0.4s第一次回到最左端.取向右為位移的正方向,其振動方程為                                                                          cm.                   

(2)理想變壓器的原、副線圈匝數(shù)比為1:5,原線圈兩端交變電壓u=20sin(100πt)V.氖泡在兩端電壓達到100V時開始發(fā)光.則開關接通后氖泡1s內發(fā)光次數(shù)為  ,開關斷開后電壓表的示數(shù)為                    V.

                                                                                             

                                                                                                                                   

查看答案和解析>>

同步練習冊答案