8．Kong zi，also called Confucius（551-479B．C），and Socrates （469-399B．C） lived only a hundred years apart，and during their lifetimes there was no contact between China and Greece，but it is interesting to look at how the world that each of these great philosophers came from shaped their ideas，and how these ideas in turn，shaped their societies．
Neither philosopher lived in times of peace，though there were more wars in Greece than in China．The Chinese states were very large and feudal，while the Greek city-states were small and urban．The urban environment in which Socrates lived allowed him to be more radical（激進的） than Confucius．Unlike Confucius，Socrates was not asked by rules how to govern effectively．Thus，Socrates was able to be more idealistic，focusing on issues like freedom，and knowledge for its own sake．Confucius，on the other hand，advised those in government service，and many of his students went out to government service．
Confucius suggested the Golden Rule as a principle for the conduct of life："Do not do to others what you would not want others to do to you．"He assumed that all men were equal at birth，though some had more potential than others，and that it was knowledge that set men apart．Socrates focused on the individual，and thought that the greatest purpose of man was to seek wisdom．He believed that some had more potential to develop their reason than others did．Like Confucius，he believed that the superior class should rule the inferior （下層的） classes．
For Socrates，the family was of no importance，and the community of little concern．For Confucius，however，the family was the center of the society，with family relations considered much more important than political relations．
Both men are respected much more today than they were in their lifetimes．
29．Which of the following is TRUE according to the first paragraph？C
A．Socrates and Confucius had much in common．
B．Confucius had much influence on Socrates'ideas．
C．The societies were influenced by the philosophers'ideas．
D．There were cultural exchanges between China and Greece．
30．What made some people different from others according to Confucius？C
A．Family     
B．Potential     
C．Knowledge      
D．Community
31．Socrates shared with Confucius the idea thatB．
A．a(chǎn)ll men were equal when they were born
B．the lower classes should be ruled by the upper class
C．the purpose of man was to seek freedom and wisdom
D．people should not ask others to do what they did not want to
32．This passage is organized in the pattern ofB．
A．time and events                       
B．comparison and contrast
C．cause and effect                       
D．definition and classification．

分析 本文采用對比的寫作手法，介紹了生活在不同時代，不同國家的兩位偉大的哲學家孔子和蘇格拉底．盡管在生活背景，家庭觀念，社會觀念以及對待教育的態(tài)度等方面他們有著不同的看法，但是他們的思想觀念對社會都有著很大影響．

解答 29．C．細節(jié)理解題．從文章第一段how these ideas in turn，shaped their societies．判斷可知他們的觀念無疑對社會有著很大影響，故C選項正確．
30．C．細節(jié)理解題．由文章第三段that it was knowledge that set men apart．可知C是知識造成了他們的差別；故選C．
31．B．細節(jié)理解題．從文章倒數(shù)第二段Confucius assumed…it was knowledge that set men apart．和 Socrates focused…the superior class should rule the inferior classes．可知他們都認為上層階級應該統(tǒng)治下層階級．所以B為正確選項．
32．B．推理判斷題．縱觀全文可見，文章的每一段都是通過比較來說明他們生活背景，思想觀念等各個方面的，所以B選項正確．

點評 考察學生的細節(jié)理解和推理判斷能力，做細節(jié)理解題時一定要找到文章中的原句，和題干進行比較，再做出正確的選擇．在做推理判斷題不要以個人的主觀想象代替文章的事實，要根據(jù)文章事實進行合乎邏輯的推理判斷．

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29．The underlined word"average"in Paragraph 1meansB．
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30．The reason why housewives are not as healthy as career women is thatA．
A．housewives have less chance to communicate with others
B．housewives haVe more children than career women
C．housewives are poorer than career women
D．housewives eat less food than career women
31．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to Paragraph 2？C
A．Busy people have nothing to do at home．
B．High achievers don't care about their families．
C．A satisfying job helps to keep one healthy．
D．There is no friendship and warmth at home
32．The best title for this passage may beD．
A．People Should Find a Job
B．The Loss of Work Means the Loss of Everything
C．People Should Make More Friends by Work
D．Working Hard Is Good for Health．

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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：完形填空

9．Sharon wrote this when she was 16and in the llth grade．Her goal is to become an international diplomat （外交官） and peace-maker．
It was my first day at school．I felt （36）Aand scared．I went to all my classes with no （37）CIt felt like no one（38）A．I listened anxiously to all the lessons and waited for lunch （39）Dat 1：00．Then finally the bell rang．It was time to talk and have（40）B
In the lunch line I met a new friend who wore a hijab （穆斯林婦女戴的面紗） on her head，and though I am （41）D．we got along fine，and I was so（42）Bwhen she said，"Sit-with us，at our table．"She pointed to the one next to the door．
So I（43）C，and took my tray and was（44）Ato walk with her across the floor，when suddenly I felt a jog．"Hey，I saw you on the bus，"said a tall girl in a long skirt．"I see your Jewish star necklace．You （45）D sit with us．"
At that moment I looked around，and that's when I（46）B，to my surprise，the nations of the world，（47）Cthemselves．That's what I saw through my own eyes．
The Spanish only sat with Spanish，the Hindus only with Hindus，the Russians always with the Russians，and（48）D the Arabs with the Jews．
I saw the reason why（49）Cgot started．Everyone（50）A to their own kind．The （51）Dwas just like a map of the world，where there should never have been so much separation among nations．But why was everyone so（52）B？
And so I turned （53）Athis girl，and went with the first，and there was no offence，I built a（54）Cbetween two worlds when I sat with those （55）Bfrom me．

36．A．nervousB．generousC．frightenedD．excited
37．A．relativesB．teachersC．friendsD．classmates
38．A．caredB．matteredC．understoodD．helped
39．A．hoursB．stopC．periodD．break
40．A．restB．funC．chatD．lunch
41．A．SpanishB．ArabC．RussianD．Jewish
42．A．curiousB．relievedC．worriedD．serious
43．A．a(chǎn)llowedB．a(chǎn)doptedC．a(chǎn)greedD．a(chǎn)dmitted
44．A．a(chǎn)boutB．readyC．willingD．likely
45．A．mightB．wouldC．couldD．should
46．A．sawB．noticedC．knewD．recognized
47．A．developingB．expandingC．separatingD．defending
48．A．onlyB．a(chǎn)lwaysC．sometimesD．never
49．A．dialoguesB．friendshipsC．warsD．a(chǎn)rguments
50．A．stuckB．cateredC．turnedD．listened
51．A．schoolB．classroomC．restaurantD．lunchroom
52．A．quietB．blindC．deafD．tough
53．A．downB．towardsC．offD．up
54．A．stageB．platformC．bridgeD．path
55．A．oppositeB．differentC．strangeD．a(chǎn)part

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