Air pollution is a leading cause of cancer and classified among Group 1,or top, human carcinogens (致癌物質(zhì)), said the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), which is the World Health Organization's (WHO) cancer agency, on Oct 17,2013.
The most widely used system for classifying carcinogens comes from the IARC, which places them into five groups. Group 1 carcinogens definitely cause cancer in humans. Group 2A is probably carcinogenic to humans, Group 2B is possibly carcinogenic, the carcinogenicity of Group 3 in humans is unclassifiable, and Group 4 is probably not carcinogenic to humans. Only a little more than 100 are classified as Group 1 cancer-causing substances, including ultraviolet radiation and tobacco smoke.
“Our task was to evaluate the air everyone breathes rather than focus on specific air pollutants,” the lARC's Dana Loomis said in a statement. “The results from the reviewed studies point in the same direction: the risk of developing lung cancer is significantly increased in people exposed to air pollution.”
In 2010, lung cancer resulting from air pollution killed 223,000 people worldwide, and there was also convincing evidence that it increases the risk of bladder (膀腕) cancer, according to the IARC.
Air pollution is already known to raise risks for a wide range of illnesses, including respiratory and heart diseases.
Air pollution is global, although the levels of it vary over space and time.
Loomis said people in Asia, eastern North America, some places in Central America and Mexico, as well as North Africa have relatively high exposure. Developing countries with large populations and booming manufacturing sectors, such as China, are particularly at risk.
Many cities in China, such as Beijing, frequently see smog. This week, Harbin, the capital city of Heilongjiang province, became the first Chinese city to officially suspend classes due to serious smog
Many developed countries face similar problems, although to a lesser degree than most developing nations. In Europe, levels of many pollutants have fallen. But between 91 and 96 percent of Europeans living in cities are exposed to levels of PM2.5—tiny particles with a diameter of less than 2.5 micrometers—that are higher than the WHO safety limits, says a report published by the European Environment Agency on Oct 15.
Although both the composition and levels of air pollution can vary dramatically from one location to the other, the 1ARC said its conclusions apply to all regions of the world.
“Given the scale of the exposure affecting people worldwide, this report should send a strong signal to the international community to take action without further delay,” said Christopher Wild, director of the IARC.
【小題1】What might be the best title of the passage?

A．Signals of air pollution
B．Safety limits of air pollution
C．Air pollution, cancer risk
D．Air pollution, smog risk
【小題2】What’s the main task of IARC?
A．To focus on cancer-causing substances.
B．To evaluate the air quality.
C．To study the developing risk of cancer.
D．To send signals to the international community.
【小題3】Why should the international community take action without further delay?
A．The composition and levels of air pollution vary from place to place.
B．More and more people in developing countries are exposed to air pollution.
C．Developed countries face air pollution, the level of which is higher than the safety limits.
D．A large number of people worldwide are exposed to air pollution.


【小題1】C
【小題2】B
【小題3】D

解析試題分析：這篇文章講的是空氣污染會(huì)造成癌癥的危險(xiǎn)，評(píng)估空氣質(zhì)量的IARC的數(shù)據(jù)表明，全世界的人們不同程度的受到空氣污染影響，呼吁國(guó)際社會(huì)應(yīng)該立刻采取行動(dòng)。
【小題1】標(biāo)題確定題：從文章的內(nèi)容和第一段的句子;：Air pollution is a leading cause of cancer and classified among Group 1,or top, human carcinogens可知這篇文章講的是空氣污染會(huì)造成癌癥的危險(xiǎn)，選C
【小題2】細(xì)節(jié)題：從文章第三段的句子：“Our task was to evaluate the air everyone breathes rather than focus on specific air pollutants,”可知IARC的主要目的是評(píng)估空氣質(zhì)量，選B
【小題3】細(xì)節(jié)題：從文章最后一段的句子：“Given the scale of the exposure affecting people worldwide, this report should send a strong signal to the international community to take action without further delay,”可知國(guó)際社會(huì)應(yīng)該立刻采取行動(dòng)，因?yàn)槿澜绾芏嗳吮┞队诳諝馕廴�。選D
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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源： 題型：閱讀理解

If you are planning a visit to Chicago, make sure you see the city best before you head back home.
Architecture
Chicago is home to some of the most fascinating architecture in the country. One of the oldest buildings in the city is the Water Tower, which was built in 1869. It is one of the structures to survive the Chicago Fire in 1871. It is a fascinating builging to see, and is nearby the Water Tower Place, which has great shopping. It’s a paradise for the young. Another stop must be the Willes Tower, formerly known as the Sears Tower. Go to the top and walk out on the clear walkway to take a look straight down on the city. If you have the time, be sure to have dinner or a cocktail in the Signature Room on the 95th floor. Not only is the food great, but the views are breathtaking.
Boat Tours
If architecture is your thing, Wendella Boats offers a great architecture tour of Chicago. You can see some of the beautiful buildings from the Chicago River, which is a side of the buildings you don’t usually get to see. There are several other boat tours that are just great, too, and many will even take you from the river out to Lake Michigan where you can see the Chicago skyline at any time of day. These tours are great ways to gain knowledge of this spectacular city, and it’s also a funny way to rest your legs between walking tips.
Famous Pizza
You cannot come to Chicago without trying some famous, deepdish pizza. There are many places to get this delicious, thick pizza, but three stores stand out from the rest. Gino’s East, Giordano’s, and Lou Malnati’s are the best places to get authentic, Chicago-style, deep-dish pizza. Try it with all the toppings or just cheese, but be sure you try it at some point. Many think that much pizza and cheese seems disgusting, but don’t knock it till you try it. You might find a new favorite way of eating this Italian classic.
【小題1】Water Tower Place is so popular among young people most probably because of ______.

A．its advantage of meeting his or her future partner
B．its amusement services and shopping advantages
C．there being many museums about art and literature
D．its importance in working as an unusual water tower now
【小題2】While making a boat tour, you can ______.
A．see some beautiful buildings and even the Chicago skyline
B．draw the newly built architecture along the river
C．see how to gain knowledge in daily life
D．measure the length and width of the Chicago River
【小題3】Why does the author advise visitors to try pizza in Chicago?.
A．Because its cheese comes from Italy.
B．Because the Chicago-style is really impressive.
C．Because there are so many chain stores from Italy.
D．Because its style is completly the same as that in Italy.

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源： 題型：閱讀理解

Car crashes are the top killer of American teenagers．Most of the crashes result from distracted driving not paying attention to the road．
Ryan Didone was a fifteen-year-old passenger in a car that hit a tree．He was one of the nation's more than thirty thousand victims of traffic crashes in 2008．Nearly four thousand deaths, about twelve percent, involved drivers aged fifteen to twenty．Ryan's father, Thomas Didone, is a police captain in Montgomery County, Maryland．He said, "It was an inexperienced, immature driver who felt that he was invincible(不可戰(zhàn)勝的), driving at night with a carload of kids．He was distracted, he was going too fast, and it ended up causing one death and some upsetting experiences and tragedy for the rest of the community."
Jim Jennings from the Allstate Insurance Company said "The number one cause of distracted-driving accidents is the mobile phone．Talking on the phone or reaching for it is like drinking four beers and driving．If you're texting while driving, you are twenty-three times more likely to get into an accident than somebody who isn't．
Reaching for a cell phone when it's going off, you're nine times more likely to get into an accident than normally driving," The insurance industry recently held a safety event near Washington for teen drivers．
At first, nineteen-year-old Kevin Schumann easily avoided large, inflatable dolls thrown in front of the car to represent children．He also avoided orange cones representing the edge of the road．Then, as part of the test, he started texting. He hit several cones and at least one doll．
Debbie Pickford from the Allstate Insurance Company said, "Teens are especially at risk from distracted driving—and not just because they lack experience on the roads．What we know from research on teen brain development, is that teens don't really have fully developed brains until they are twenty-five years old. You put those two things together and you get a much, much higher risk.”
【小題1】According to the passage, _____is the most likely to lead to a traffic accident while you are driving．

A．texting on the mobile phone B．reaching for a cell phone． 
C．talking on the mobile phone D．bringing along a cell phone 
【小題2】A safety event held by insurance industry was meant to _   _.
A．a(chǎn)ttract more teenagers to take part in it  
B．draw enough attention to teenagers' distracted driving 
C．make more teenagers practice avoiding large barriers 
D．encourage more teenagers to pay for insurance protection 
【小題3】The passage is probably followed by a concluding paragraph about ____．
A．much higher risk B．teen brain developmen 
C．experience on the roads D．measures to be taken t 
【小題4】Of all the following, which is the best title for the passage?
A．Car Crashes —the Top Killer. 
B．Distracted Driving —Let's Avoid! 
C．Drunken Driving — Dangerous Enough！ 
D．Tips on Driving While Calling 

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源： 題型：閱讀理解

As a nation we are becoming more aware of the food we and our children are eating.The recent campaign to improve school dinners by celebrity(名人) chef Jamie Oliver has helped raise awareness of our fast food lifestyles.While we may be trying to eat more healthily，it seems we still have some bad habits.
?Healthy eaters or just trendy?
Are there certain things that you do and don’t eat and why？With so many food programmes and books telling you what you should and shouldn’t eat to be healthy，it’s hard to make choices.
Some people are vegetarians for moral reasons，some don’t like the taste of meat and there are one or two people who do it because it’s trendy.Likewise，it can be trendy to follow the latest celebrity’s diet because it’s what the famous are doing.
?Eating out
People are eating out more often now，not just on special occasions as in the past.The choice of restaurants has also diversified.Italian，Chinese and Indian restaurants have been around for years but have now been joined by Mongolian，Japanese，Mexican and so on.Bars and pubs are still popular for food and often promote English cuisine made with local produce.
“We enjoy eating out a couple of times every month whether with friends or just as a couple.We like trying new things so we go to different restaurants.” said Craig,25，County Durham.
?Eating on the go
From chocolate bars to sandwiches more people are eating on the go—on the street，in cars or on buses and trains.While our parents and grandparents may frown at this behaviour，considering it to be bad manners，people eat on the go because they are rushing from one place to another.And in the home the number of people sitting down at a dining table for their evening meal is on the decrease as meal times become more informal.
“If I’m running late for work I don’t think twice about eating toast in the car or on the bus but I know my mum wouldn’t approve，” said Stacey,24.
【小題1】What can we infer from the text?

A．Our parents think highly of the eating habits mentioned in the text.
B．We should get rid of the bad habits and try to be healthier.
C．Japanese restaurants have been around for years.
D．It’s good for people to eat out more frequently.
【小題2】People find it difficult to decide what to eat to keep healthy because ________.
A．different programmes and books have different ideas about healthy eating
B．there are many celebrities having different diet styles
C．what the famous are doing is different from ours
D．they have some bad eating habits
【小題3】The underlined word “diversified” in Paragraph 4 probably means “________”．
A．made a great change
B．made a big difference
C．had a rapid increase
D．had a wide variety
【小題4】Craig often goes to different restaurants because ________.
A．he likes trying new things
B．he follows the latest celebrity diet
C．he enjoys the meal with his friends
D．he has more special occasions to celebrate

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源： 題型：閱讀理解

Eco City Farms(生態(tài)城市農(nóng)場(chǎng)) are becoming more popular in cities and towns around the Unites States.
Eco City Farms in Edmonton, Maryland, is located near shopping centers, car repair shops and homes. The neighborhood is a working-class community(社區(qū)). People do not have very much money. And they have limited access to fresh food in markets.
Over the past two years, the farm has attracted volunteers from the community like Marcy Clark. She schools her four children at home. On a recent day she brought them to Eco City Farms for a lesson. Her son Alston Clark thinks his experience is very valuable.“I like coming out here,”he says,“You know, you connect with the earth, where your food comes from. You appreciate the food a little bit more.”
Margaret Morgan started Eco City Farms. She thinks of it as a place where people can learn to live healthier lives. “Growing food in a community brings people together,”she continues,“Every piece of what we do here is a demonstration(示范) to show people everything about how to have an eco-friendly community.”she says. From the Eco City Farms people come to know that they are not only growing food and raising chickens and bees, but improving the soil with compost(肥料)made from food waste.
Eco City Farms is an experimental operation. The farm gets its power not from the local electricity networks, but from the sun with solar panels. In winter, the green house use a geothermal(地?zé)?system.
Vegetables can be grown all year. So once a week, all winter long, neighbors like Chris Moss and her three children bike to the farm to pick up a share of the harvest.
“I like eating the vegetables ”say five-year-old Owen Moss.
【小題1】What is mainly talked about in the passage?

A．Eco City Farms save a lot of energy. 
B．Eco City Farms are gaining popularity. 
C．Eco City Farms are influencing community life. 
D．Eco City Farms helps the working-class live better. 
【小題2】According to the passage, Eco City Farms are close to the following places EXCEPT______.
A．shopping centers  B．car repair shops 
C．fast-food restaurants D．working-class community 
【小題3】What is the author’s attitude toward Eco City Farms?
A．Enthusiastic(熱心的). B．Disappointed. 
C．Surprised. D．Doubtful. 
【小題4】In which column(專欄) of a newspaper can you most probably read this article?
A．People. B．Travel. C．Environment. D．Education. 

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源： 題型：閱讀理解

A new study has found evidence of aggressive (攻擊性的) behavior in children who drink four or more servings of soft drinks every day. Information for the study came from the mothers of 3,000 5-year-olds. Researchers asked the women to keep a record of how many servings of soft drinks their children drank over a two-month period. They were also asked to complete a checklist of their children’s behavior.
The researchers have found that 43 percent of the children drink at least one daily serving of soda, and 4 percent of the youngsters have even four or more sodas to drink every day.
Shakira Suglia, a famous expert, says they’ve found that children who drink the most soda are more than twice as likely as those who drink no soda to show signs of aggression.
“For the children who consume four or more soft drinks per day, we see more withdrawn behaviors, which make them hard to get along well with others.”
The aggressive behaviors include destroying possessions belonging to others, taking part in fights and physically attacking people.
The researchers have determined the link after considering factors like the child’s age and sex. They have also considered other possible influence, such as whether the boys and girls are eating sweets or giving fruit drinks on a normal day. In addition, the researchers have examined parenting styles and other social conditions that may be taking place in the home.
Researches are trying to find why young children who drink a lot of soda have behavior problems. An ingredient often found in soft drinks is caffeine, which helps to make people feel energetic. Doctor Suglia suggests that caffeine could cause the 5-year-olds to be more aggressive. Earlier studies of adults have found the highest sugar levels in those who carry weapons (武器) and show signs of negative social behavior.
【小題1】What section of a newspaper is the passage probably taken from?

A．Scientific TechnologyB．Science Fictions
C．Social NewsD．Health Report
【小題2】The underlined word “withdrawn” in paragraph 4 can probably be replaced by the word ______.
A．backwardB．unsocialC．generousD．friendly
【小題3】Researchers studied the following aspects of the children except ______.
A．a(chǎn)geB．sexC．gamesD．parents
【小題4】According to the research, which of the following is right?
A．Mothers were asked to keep a record of how many servings of soft drinks their children drank over a three-month period.
B．4 percent of the youngsters have even four or fewer sodas to drink every day.
C．Children who drink no soda show fewer aggressive behaviors.
D．Children with the highest sugar levels tend to carry weapons and show signs of negative social behavior.
【小題5】After a further study on ingredients in soda, Shakira Suglia implies that the direct cause of the aggressive behaviors may be ______.
A．soft drinksB．a(chǎn)ttention problems
C．caffeineD．social conditions

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源： 題型：閱讀理解

Gene technology to benefit people
Among all the fast growing science and technology, the research of human genes, or biological engineering as people call it, is drawing more and more attention now. Sometimes it is a hot topic talked about by people.
The greatest thing that gene technology can do is to cure serious diseases that doctors at present can almost do nothing with, such as cancer and heart disease. Every year, millions of people are murdered by these two killers. And to date, doctors have not found an effective way to cure them. But if the gene technology is applied, not only can these two diseases be cured completely, bringing happiness and more living days to the patients, but also the great amount of money people spend on curing their diseases can be saved, therefore it benefits the economy as well. In addition, human life can be longer.
Gene technology can help people to give birth to more healthy and clever children. Some families, with the English imperial family being a good example, have hereditary (遺傳的) diseases. This means their children will for sure have the family disease, which is a great trouble for these families. In the past, doctors could do nothing with hereditary diseases. But gene technology can solve this problem perfectly. The scientists just need to find the wrong gene and correct it, and a healthy child will be born.
Some people are worrying that the gene research can be used to make human beings in large quantities. In the past few years, scientists have succeeded in cloning babies will not come out in large quantities, for most couples in the world can have babies in very normal way. Of course, the governments must take care to control gene technology.
【小題1】What does “these two killers” in the second paragraph refer to?

A．Gene technology and another treatment of the two diseases.
B．The two murderers who killed the cloned baby.
C．Hereditary disease and cancer.
D．Cancer and heart disease.
【小題2】In what way can gene technology help to treat hereditary diseases?
A．Using gene technology, a scientist finds the wrong gene and corrects it.
B．Using gene technology, people with hereditary diseases can live longer.
C．Using gene technology, human babies can also be cloned.
D．Doctors can cure cancer and heart disease with the help of gene technology.
【小題3】What is the main purpose of writing the text?
A．Explaining that gene technology will also do great harm to human race.
B．Telling the readers the positive effects gene technology has on people’s life.
C．Expressing the writer’s idea that gene technology will benefit people.
D．Informing people that gene technology helps clone babies in large quantities.

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源： 題型：閱讀理解

Everyone has got two personalities—the one that is shown to the world and the other that is secret and real. You don't show your secret personality when you're awake because you can control your behavior, but when you're asleep, your sleeping position shows the real you. In a normal night, of course, people frequently change their position. The important position is the one that you go to sleep in.
If you go to sleep on your back, you're a very open person. You normally trust people and you are easily influenced by fashion or new ideas. You don't like to upset people, so you never express your real feelings. You're quite shy and you aren't very confident.
If you sleep on your stomach, you are a rather secretive（不坦率的）person. You worry a lot and you're always easily upset. You're very stubborn（頑固的）, but you aren't very ambitious. You usually live for today not for tomorrow. This means that you enjoy having a good time.
If you sleep curled up（卷曲）, you are probably a very nervous person. You have a low opinion of yourself and so you're often defensive. You're shy and you don't normally like meeting people．You prefer to be on your own. You're easily hurt.
If you sleep on your side, you have usually got a well-balanced personality. You know your strengths and weaknesses. You're usually careful. You have a confident personality. You sometimes feel anxious, but you don't often get depressed. You always say what you think even if it annoys people.
【小題1】 According to the writer，you naturally show your secret and real personality _________.

A．only in a normal night
B．only when you go to sleep
C．only when you refuse to show yourself to the world
D．only when you change sleeping position
【小題2】 Which is NOT mentioned in the second paragraph about a person's personality？
A．He or she is always open with others.
B．He or she always likes new ideas earlier than others.
C．He or she is always easily upset.
D．He or she tends to believe in others.
【小題3】 Maybe you don't want to make friends with a person who sleeps curled up. Why？
A．He or she would rather be alone than communicate with you.
B．He or she is rarely ready to help you.
C．He or she prefers staying at home to going out.
D．He or she wouldn't like to get help from you.
【小題4】It appears that the writer tends to think highly of the person who sleeps on one side because __________.
A．he or she always shows sympathy for people
B．he or she is confident，but not stubborn
C．he or she has more strengths than weaknesses
D．he or she often considers annoying people

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源： 題型：閱讀理解

Forgiving someone who has hurt you or let you down is never an easy thing. Several new studies, however, say that it could have a lot of health benefits. When you think of forgiveness, you probably don’t think of it as being a health or medical problem. Studies from Stanford University, on the other hand, show that something like anger can change your well-being.
When cartoon book characters like the Incredible Hulk get angry, they change colours and often gain special power. In the real world, anger is less obvious and may be more dangerous. That’s why Professor Fred Luskin, founder of the Stanford Forgiveness Project and author of Forgive for Good, says holding on to anger and hatred can harm your physical and mental health. Two new studies seem to show the same idea.
The studies find that people who are able to forgive feel less stress, less back pain, and less depression(抑郁). They also have fewer headaches, lower blood pressure, and fewer problems on sleeping.
So it doesn’t matter if your anger is caused by the traffic or other things. Learning to let it go is important. Techniques such as deep breath or thought can help. Or just ask yourself if it’s worth hurting yourself by staying angry with someone else.
Forgiveness does not mean that you simply accept what happened and say it’s OK. Instead, it’s a way of making peace with yourself about what happened in the past.
【小題1】The author of the passage tries to make his viewpoint clear__________.

A．by raising his own examples
B．based on his own experience
C．by mentioning some studies
D．by mentioning some typical patients
【小題2】The example of the cartoon book characters is taken in the passage to__________.
A．support the viewpoint that anger and hatred harm physical and mental health
B．introduce a famous expert
C．let the reader know the different colours of cartoon faces
D．show how to control one’s temper
【小題3】 The underlined phrase“holding on to”in this passage possibly means“__________”.
A．removing B．keeping up C．getting rid of D．learning about
【小題4】Which of the following is NOT mentioned in this passage?
A．People who are able to forgive feel less stress.
B．People who are able to forgive feel less depression.
C．People who are able to forgive have fewer problems on sleeping.
D．People who are able to forgive feel less tired.
【小題5】 The best title for this passage is probably__________.
A．Forgiveness B．Forgiveness Is Good for Health
C．A Secret to Keeping Health D．Anger Is Bad for Health

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