Question

【題目】Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one more word than you need.

Emphasizing social play in kindergarten improves academics

Emphasizing social play and students helping one another in kindergarten improves academic outcomes, self-control and attention regulation, finds new UBC research. The study, published in the journal PLoS One, found this approach to kindergarten curriculum also 【1】 children’s joy in learning and teachers’ enjoyment of teaching.

“Before children have the ability to sit for long periods 【2】 information, they need to be allowed to be 【3】 and be encouraged to learn by doing,” said Dr. Adele Diamond, the study’s lead author. “Indeed, people of all ages learn better by doing than by being told.”

Through a controlled experiment, Diamond and her colleagues 【4】 the effectiveness of a curriculum called Tools of the Mind (Tools). The curriculum was introduced to willing kindergarten teachers and 351 children with different backgrounds in 18 public schools.

Tools was developed in 1993 by two American researchers. Its basic 【5】 is that social-emotional development and improving self-control is as important as teaching academic skills and content. The Tools 【6】 the role of social play in developing skills such as self-control, selective attention and planning. “Skills like self-control and selective attention are necessary for learning. They are often more strongly associated with school readiness (入學(xué)準(zhǔn)備) than intelligence quotient (IQ),” said Diamond. “This experiment is the first to show 【7】 of a curriculum emphasizing social play.”

Teachers reported more 【8】 behavior and greater sense of community in Tools classes. Late in the school year, Tools teachers reported they still felt 【9】 and excited about teaching, while teachers in the control group were exhausted. “I have enjoyed seeing the 【10】 progress my students have made in writing and reading.” said a Tools teacher in Vancouver. “I have also enjoyed seeing the students get so excited about coming to school and learning. They loved all the activities so much that many students didn’t want to miss school, even if they were sick.”

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】G

【2】H

【3】F

【4】J

【5】B

【6】A

【7】I

【8】D

【9】E

【10】C

【解析】

這是一篇說(shuō)明文。UBC的新研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，在幼兒園強(qiáng)調(diào)社交游戲和學(xué)生互相幫助可以提高學(xué)習(xí)成績(jī)、自我控制和注意力調(diào)節(jié)。文章主要介紹了一門(mén)名為“思維工具”(Tools of the Mind，簡(jiǎn)稱(chēng)Tools)的課程的有效性。

【1】考查動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)最后一段的Late in the school year, Tools teachers reported they still felt _____9_____ and excited about teaching, while teachers in the control group were exhausted.可知，這種幼兒園課程設(shè)置的方法也增加了孩子們學(xué)習(xí)的樂(lè)趣和教師教學(xué)的樂(lè)趣。故選G。

【2】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：阿黛爾·戴蒙德博士說(shuō):“在孩子們能夠長(zhǎng)時(shí)間坐著獲取信息之前，他們需要被允許活躍，并被鼓勵(lì)在實(shí)踐中學(xué)習(xí)。”。本句的謂語(yǔ)為have，設(shè)空處需用現(xiàn)在分詞做伴隨狀語(yǔ)，結(jié)合句意可知，用absorbing。故選H。

【3】考查形容詞。句意同上。設(shè)空處位于be后，用形容詞作表語(yǔ)，結(jié)合句意可知，用active。故選F。

【4】考查動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)下文介紹了實(shí)驗(yàn)的結(jié)果可知，此處是指通過(guò)一項(xiàng)對(duì)照實(shí)驗(yàn)，戴蒙德和她的同事們分析了一門(mén)名為“思維工具”(Tools of the Mind，簡(jiǎn)稱(chēng)Tools)的課程的有效性。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，要用一般過(guò)去式。故選J。

【5】考查名詞。句意：它的基本原則是，社會(huì)情感發(fā)展和提高自我控制能力與教授學(xué)術(shù)技能和內(nèi)容同樣重要。結(jié)合上文“Before children have the ability to sit for long periods _____2_____ information, they need to be allowed to be _____3_____ and be encouraged to learn by doing,” 可知，這是它的原則。故選B。

【6】考查動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)上文可知，工具強(qiáng)調(diào)的是社會(huì)角色在發(fā)展自我控制、選擇性注意和計(jì)劃等技能中的作用。emphasize強(qiáng)調(diào)，根據(jù)句意可知，此處陳述的是客觀事實(shí)，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語(yǔ)是The Tools （一門(mén)課程名稱(chēng)），因此謂語(yǔ)用單三形式。故選A。

【7】考查名詞。句意：這個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)首次顯示了強(qiáng)調(diào)社交游戲的課程的好處。結(jié)合下文語(yǔ)境及句意可知，此處是指展示的好處。故選I。

【8】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：在工具課上，教師報(bào)告了更多的幫助行為和更強(qiáng)的社區(qū)意識(shí)。根據(jù)上文提到工具課的好處可知，此處是指幫助性的行為，位于名詞前需用現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)，用helping。故選D。

【9】考查形容詞。句意：工具組的教師報(bào)告說(shuō)，他們?nèi)匀粚?duì)教學(xué)感到充滿(mǎn)熱情和興奮，而對(duì)照組的教師則筋疲力盡。根據(jù)空前的felt和空后的and excited可知，此處用修飾人的形容詞，energized充滿(mǎn)熱情的。故選E。

【10】考查形容詞。根據(jù)下文的“I have also enjoyed seeing the students get so excited about coming to school and learning.可知，學(xué)生們?nèi)〉昧撕艽蟮倪M(jìn)步，enormous形容詞，意思是“巨大的”。故選C。