As we enjoy the summer ocean waves along the beaches, we may think nervously about Steven Spielberg's Jaws and the great fear that sharks inspire in us. Yet we are happy to see global efforts to protect the declining number of sharks. The world has realized that we need the species, like sharks, to keep a balanced ecosystem.
Sharks, in particular, are “in” these days. Thanks to good public policy and famous stars such as Jackie Chan and Ang Lee, killing sharks for fin soup is no longer cool.
The demand for shark fins has been rising for decades, threatening sharks with extinction(滅絕)—up to 100 million sharks are killed each year just for their fins. But we have started to reverse the trend, particularly in many areas of the United States and overseas where restaurants once proudly provided delicious shark fins on the menu.
In California, a ban on the sale and possession of shark fin soup has gone into effect this year through the efforts of Wild Aid and other organizations.
Overseas marketing and public efforts featuring posters on public transportation systems and TV ads have been underway for the past few years. These efforts all show signs of success, on both the supply side and the demand side of trade in shark fins.
Actually, stopping the killing of sharks is part of a broader movement to stop the killing of wild animals and the buying and selling of wildlife products. These products come from hunting elephants, tigers and rhinos, besides killing marine life.
Whether it is shark fin soup or ivory piano keys, killing animals is big business. The hunting of elephants in search of ivory tusks for luxury(奢侈的)goods has become a full­scale war. The decrease of African elephant populations is alarming. Together with international partners, the United States is leading the worldwide effort to reduce demand for high­end products that rely on killing animals.
小題1:The underlined word “reverse” in Paragraph 3 probably means ________.
A．showB．keep
C．followD．change
小題2:From the passage, we know ________.
A．Jackie Chan and Ang Lee make fin soup popular
B．a(chǎn) lot of wild animals have been killed for products
C．Steven Spielberg's Jaws inspires us to protect sharks
D．the number of African elephants has been increased
小題3:．What can we infer from the passage?
A．More animals for high­end products will be saved.
B．People have kicked the habit of having shark fin soup.
C．Shark fins will not be available any more in restaurants.
D．Global efforts have succeeded in stopping killing wild animals.

小題1:D
小題2:B
小題3:A

文章大意：對(duì)野生動(dòng)物的保護(hù)正在進(jìn)行中。
小題1:D　猜測(cè)詞義題。由轉(zhuǎn)折詞But可知，所在句意為：我們已經(jīng)開始“扭轉(zhuǎn)”這一趨勢(shì)。
小題2:B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段第二句話“Thanks to good public policy and famous stars such as Jackie Chan and Ang Lee, killing sharks for fin soup is no longer cool.”可知，成龍和李安使魚翅湯不再流行，所以A項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；由第一段第一句話“As we enjoy the summer ocean waves along the beaches, we may think nervously about Steven Spielberg's Jaws and the great fear that sharks inspire in us.”可知，斯皮爾伯格的《大白鯊》使人們產(chǎn)生了對(duì)鯊魚的恐怖，所以C項(xiàng)正確；由最后一段第三句話“The decrease of African elephant populations is alarming.”可知，D項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；由倒數(shù)第二段可知，B項(xiàng)正確。
小題3:A　推理判斷題。由最后一段最后一句話“Together with international partners, the United States is leading the worldwide effort to reduce demand for high­end products that rely on killing animals.”可推知，在全世界人們的努力下，更多的動(dòng)物會(huì)受到保護(hù)。所以A項(xiàng)正確；其他三項(xiàng)都不對(duì)。
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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

When you tidy your messy bedroom，it gets a lot easier to find things.Dreams may work the same way for a messy brain，helping you learn by organizing memories and ideas.
To test how much dreams can help learning，Robert Stickgold had some students play a shape­fitting game called Tetris (俄羅斯方塊) for a few hours and then go to sleep.Soon they were dreaming of falling Tetris shapes.Interestingly，the worst Tetris players had the most Tetris dreams and improved their game the most.Similar tests have shown the same results for all kinds of skills.
As we dream，many important tasks are getting done.The brain decides what to keep and what to forget.It is connecting new experiences to older learning.In fact，the brain is learning all night long.
Another important task of dreams may be to help us deal with emotions (情緒)．At night，emotions are in the driver’s seat.People who have had an upsetting experience often dream  about  it  afterward.Often  the  dream event  changes somehow—another way the brain tries to make the memory less upset.So if your best friend moves away，you might dream that you’re the one who’s moving.In fact，dreams have a proven power to improve mood，and people who dream about what’s bothering them usually feel better sooner than those who don’t.
Everybody dreams for a couple of hours every night—in the course   of your life，you’ll spend about 25 years asleep and 6 years dreaming.There’s probably no single answer to the question why we dream，but there doesn’t have to be.One dream might help you remember your math facts，while another might lead to a new invention，or give you a fun，crazy story to tell your friends.It’s all in a night’s work for our busy，mysterious brains.
小題1:Robert Stickgold’s test shows that________.
A．games are useful for memory
B．dreams can help improve skills
C．players stop learning in dreams
D．tasks can only be settled through dreams
小題2:We can learn from Paragraph 4 that________.
A．dreams can get rid of sufferings
B．only drivers can deal with emotions
C．one may be less upset after a dream
D．dreams can copy what one experienced
小題3:Which of the following does the author probably agree with?
A．Dreaming does harm to one’s mood.
B．Dreaming affects the quality of sleep.
C．It’s hard to find out the secrets of dreaming.
D．It’s not so important to know the cause of dreaming.
小題4:What does the text focus on?
A．Dreams and memories.　B．Dreams and emotions.
C．The benefits of dreams.　D．The patterns of dreams.
小題5:In which part of a magazine can this text be found?
A．Entertainment.B．Tourism.
C．Science.　D．Advertisement.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Passenger pigeons（旅鴿）once flew over much of the United States in unbelievable numbers. Written accounts from the 18th and 19th centuries described flocks（群）so large that they darkened the sky for hours.
It was calculated that when its population reach its highest point, there were more than 3 billion passenger pigeons – a number equal to 24 to 40 percent of the total bird population in the United States, making it perhaps the most abundant birds in the world. Even as late as 1870 when their numbers had already become smaller, a flock believed to be 1 mile wide and 320 miles (about 515 kilometers) long was seen near Cincinnati.
Sadly, the abundance of passenger pigeons may have been their undoing. Where the birds were abundant, people believed there was an ever-lasting supply and killed them by the thousands. Commercial hunters attracted them to small clearings with grain, waited until pigeons had settled to feed, then threw large nets over them, taking hundreds at a time. The birds were shipped to large cities and sold in restaurants.
By the closing decades of the 19th century, the hardwood forests where passenger pigeons nested had been damaged by Americans’ need for wood, which scattered（驅(qū)散）the flocks and forced the birds to go farther north, where cold temperatures and spring storms contributed to their decline. Soon the great flocks were gone, never to be seen again.
In 1897, the state of Michigan passed a law prohibiting the killing of passenger pigeons, but by then, no sizable flocks had been seen in the state for 10 years. The last confirmed wild pigeon in the United States was shot by a boy in Pike County, Ohio, in 1900. For a time, a few birds survived under human care. The last of them, known affectionately as Martha, died at the Cincinnati Zoological Garden in September 1, 1914.
小題1:In the 18th and early 19th centuries, passenger pigeons _______.
A．were the biggest bird in the world
B．lived mainly in the south of America
C．did great harm to the natural environment
D．Were the largest population in the US
小題2:The underlined word “undoing” probably refers to the pigeons’ _______.
A．escapeB．ruinC．liberationD．evolution
小題3:What was the main reason for people to kill passenger pigeons?
A．To seek pleasure.B．To save other birds.
C．To make money.D．To protect crops.
小題4:What can we infer about the law passed in Michigan?
A．It was ignored by the public.B．It was declared too late.
C．It was unfair.D．It was strict.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Different Kinds of Birds
Avocets
There are 4 different species of Avocet found around the world-Pied Avocet , Red-necked Avocet, Andean Avocet, and American Avocet. This bird is found in North and South America, Europe, and even Australia. This long-legged bird has webbed feet and an upturned, thin bill.
Bald Eagles
The bald eagle is found in wetlands and near coastlines. They have very large and broad wings, with a broad tail. The head and tail are white in color, which is the major distinguishable factor of the bald eagle. The long, hooked bill is yellow in color. They feed on fish, ducks, rabbits, geese, etc.
Eastern Bluebirds
These are around 61／2 inches in length .Such birds are found mainly in gardens woodlands, and orchards with the arrival of spring. Male Eastern Bluebirds are bright blue on the upper half and have a white belly. Female Eastern Bluebirds have a grayish head with shades of blue as well. New York and Missouri have named this creature as their state bird.
Flamingos
These pink-bodied birds with a unique beak, are generally found in large groups. The beaks are capable of removing mud before they can eat their food. Flamingos can be found in many African countries, areas of Florida, and one particular type of species is found only in the Andean highlands.
Kingfishers
There are over 90 various species of Kingfishers found in the woodland areas as well as wetlands across the world. They are excellent divers when it comes to catching fish in the rivers. Their pointed bills are what help them bag the catch. Kingfishers have good eyesight whether they are in air or underwater.
小題1:____ most probably mean the same.
A．Bill and beakB．Head and beakC．Bill and bellyD．Leg and feet
小題2:Which of the following is true?
A．Eastern Bluebirds are all blue in color.
B．Avocets can be found around the world.
C．The white head and tail make Bald Eagles distinguishable.
D．More Kingfishers can be found in wetlands than in the woodland areas.
小題3:Birds that can be found only in the Andean highlands are ________.
A．Bald Eagles
B．Female Eastern Bluebirds
C．Andean Avocets
D．one special type of Flamingos
小題4:It can be inferred from the passage that what Bald Eagles and Kingfishers have in common is their____.
A．habitatsB．shapesC．a(chǎn)bility to catch fishD．eyesight in air or under water

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

For the first time, researchers have discovered that some plants can kill insects in order to get additional nutrients. New research shows that they catch and kill small insects with their own sticky hairs near the roots and then absorb nutrients through their roots when the insects are killed and fall to the ground.
Professor Mark Chase, of Kew and Queen Mary, University of London, said: “The cultivated (改良的) tomatoes and potatoes still have the hairs. Tomatoes in particular are covered with these sticky hairs. They do trap small insects on a regular basis. They do kill insects.”
The number of these carnivorous plants is thought to have came up to 50 percent and many of them have until now been wrongly regarded as among the most harmless plants. Among them are species of petunia(矮牽牛), some special tobacco plants and cabbages, some varieties of potatoes and tomatoes, etc. Researchers at Royal Botanical Gardens Kew, which carried out the study, now believe there are hundreds more killer plants than previously realized.
It is thought that the technique was developed in the wild to get necessary nutrients in poor quality soil ­ and even various plants grown in your vegetable garden still have the ability.
The researchers, publishing their finding in the Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, said: “We may be surrounded by many more murderous plants than we think.” “We are accustomed to thinking of plants as being immobile and harmless, and there is something deeply frightening about the thought of meat­eating plants，” they added.
小題1:Tomatoes and potatoes kill insects to ________.
A．get more sticky hairs
B．make themselves grow better
C．make their roots stronger
D．a(chǎn)void falling down to the ground
小題2:The word “carnivorous” in Paragraph 3 most probably means ________.
A．fast­growingB．harmless
C．insect­killingD．nutritious
小題3:The insect­killing technique of vegetables is  developed most probably through ________.
A．evolution of species
B．helps from other garden plants
C．a(chǎn)rtificial cultivation
D．nutrients preserved in rich soil
小題4:The text is probably taken from ________.
A．a(chǎn) student bookB．a(chǎn) science fiction
C．a(chǎn) scientific repotD．a(chǎn) bulletin board

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

One night in March 1999, a man was driving from California to Oregon, US, to visit some friends. He had stopped his car to have some food when he started to hear strange noises. Turning on the headlights, he saw an 8-foot-tall creature covered in thick, dark hair. The creature stared at him for a minute, turned in the road and walked off slowly into the woods.

In the past 50 years alone, there have been thousands of reported sightings of similar creatures in the US, Canada, the Himalayas(喜馬拉雅山地區(qū))and even Hubei Province in China. The creature is known as bigfoot.
Bigfoot is said to be a very tall(between 2 and 4. 5 metres), ape-like(類人猿似的)creature that is covered in hair and walks upright on two legs. It is very wary(警惕的)of human beings.
Believers think bigfoot is a direct descendent(后代)of ancient gigantopithecus(巨猿). But it remains one of the planet’s undiscovered secrets. There is a little evidence(證據(jù))to support the believers’ theory: traces of hair, footprints and body prints as well as the reported sightings. Some people have even showed what they say with photos or films of bigfoot.
But so far, no one has found bones or any other definite proof that the giant creature exists.
As a result many people believe the evidence is just part of a big trick.
The footprints are easy to make and they say: all you need to do is to make two large feet out of plaster(石膏), attach them to the bottom of your shoes and walk with big steps. As for the photos and films, they are just people dressed in ape suits.
They also say the sightings are not real, just people making mistakes. For example, bigfoot could be a bear living in the wild that sometimes stands up on its back legs.
小題1: So far what we can be sure about is that　　　　.
A．there exist savages(野人)in several places in the world
B．there are some traces of hair, footprints and body prints of the “bigfoot”
C．bigfoot is a direct descendent of ancient gigantopithecus
D．a(chǎn)ll the big foot discovered have the same look
小題2:It was in　　　that man first found the ape-like creature.
A．1999 B．the 1960’s
C．the 1950’sD．the 1940’s
小題3: The article infers but doesn’t say so that some people　　　　bigfoot’s existence.
A．may fool the world into believing
B．have definite evidences to prove
C．refuse to believe
D．will soon offer proofs of
小題4:If bigfoot is just a misunderstanding, what they saw might NOT be　　　　.
A．a(chǎn)pes
B．bears
C．gigantopithecus
D．people dressed in animal skins

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Scientists at Royal Holloway, University of London  and Queen Mary, University of London have discovered that bees learn to fly the shortest possible route between flowers even if they discover the flowers in a different order. Bees are effectively solving the “traveling salesman problem”, and they are the first creatures found to do this.

The traveling salesman must find the shortest route that allows him to visit all locations on his route. Computers solve it by comparing the length of all possible routes and choosing the shortest, and it can keep computers busy for days. However, bees solve it without computer assistance using a brain the size of grass seed. Dr. Nigel Raine, from the School of Biological Sciences at Royal Holloway explains, “Bees solve traveling salesman problems every day. They visit flowers at multiple locations and because bees use lots of energy to fly, they find a route which keeps flying to a minimum. ”
The team used the computer to control artificial flowers to test whether bees would follow a route defined by the order in which they discovered the flowers or if they would find the shortest route. After exploring the location of the flowers, bees quickly learned to fly the shortest route.
As well as improving our understanding of how bees move around the landscape pollinating(授粉)crops and wild flowers, this research, which is due to be published in The American Naturalist, has other applications. Our lifestyle relies on networks such as traffic on the roads, information flow on the Web and business supply chains. By understanding how bees can solve their problems with such a tiny brain, we can improve our management of these everyday networks without needing lots of computer time. Dr. Raine adds, “Despite their tiny brains, bees are capable of extraordinary feats of behavior. We need to understand how they can solve the traveling salesman problem without a computer. ”
小題1: What would be the best title of the passage?
A．Bees help salesmen travel
B．Tiny-brained bees solve a complex mathematical problem
C．How bees discover the flowers
D．How to solve the “traveling salesman problem”
小題2:We may infer from the second paragraph that the “traveling salesman problem” 　　　.
A．can be solved by a computer easily
B．can’t even be solved by a computer
C．can puzzle both people and computers
D．remains to be solved by scientists
小題3: The main purpose of the last paragraph is to　　　.
A．provide further proof for the research
B．tell us how bees can fly the shortest route between flowers
C．tell us how the research about bees’ flying route was conducted
D．explain the importance of the research
小題4: It can be concluded from the passage that　　　.
A．a(chǎn)ll creatures are smarter than computers
B．the research about bees’ flying route can be applied to many fields
C．our networks are more complex than bees’ ones
D．with the help of the computer we can find out how bees can solve the “traveling salesman problem”

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

EVERYONE has those nights – you lie in your bed for hours, tossing and turning, totally unable to fall asleep. You wish you could just turn your brain off as if it were a light. That would make things much easier, wouldn’t it?
Now it looks like you are one step closer to this wild dream of yours – scientists from Oxford University, UK have just discovered the “switch” that tells the brain to go to sleep, reported Forbes.
To understand the study, you first need to know that there are two mechanisms (機(jī)能) that regulate sleep. There’s one that we’re already familiar with – our body clock, which works in a 24-hour cycle based on the light changes throughout the day.
The other one is what scientists call the sleep “homeostat (動(dòng)態(tài)平衡系統(tǒng))”. This mechanism has nothing to do with daylight. Instead, it keeps track of the brain’s waking hours and urges it to rest if it has been awake for a long time. “It is similar to the thermostat (自動(dòng)調(diào)溫器) in your home. A thermostat measures temperature and switches on the heating if it’s too cold,” Professor Gero Miesenböck, who led the study, told The Telegraph.
Our bodies use both of the mechanisms to regulate sleep. “The body clock says it’s the right time, and the sleep thermostat has built up pressure during a long waking day,” explained Miesenböck.
There is no way that scientists can trick the body clock. But with the sleep homeostat, there might be something they can do.
The researchers found that the sleep homeostat works by activating a specific group of nerve cells, or neurons, in the brain. They tested their theory on fruit flies by removing the neurons from the insects’ brains. And as expected, they found that the flies without the homeostat neurons did not keep a regular sleep pattern anymore.
Now that scientists have pinpointed (定位) the exact place in the brain – or, the “switch” – that regulates sleep, they can begin investigating (研究) how to activate these cells at any given time so that people can be sent to sleep instantly.
More importantly, figuring out how sleep mechanisms work may also help us to one day unravel one of the oldest mysteries of all: why do we need to sleep in the first place?
小題1:What is the article mainly about?
A．A new way to treat sleep disorders.
B．The discovery of the sleep “homeostat”.
C．Advice on what to do when you fail to fall asleep.
D．A comparison of the two mechanisms that regulate sleep.
小題2:How does the author explain the function of the sleep homeostat?
A．Through examples.
B．With comparisons.
C．Through cause and effect analysis.
D．By presenting research findings.
小題3:What can we conclude from the article?
A．Generally, the sleep homeostat has less effect on people during the day than at night.
B．There is little scientists can do to affect the way the sleep homeostat works.
C．What makes us go to sleep at night is probably a combination of the two mechanisms.
D．The more homeostat neurons there are in one’s brain, the more easily one can fall asleep.
小題4:The underlined word “unravel” in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to ______.
A．put up withB．figure outC．keep track ofD．take notice of

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Some weight­loss camps, which are rare in China just a few years ago，have multiplied in Beijing, Qingdao, Shenzhen，and other cities. Today about 15 percent of adults, or 200 million Chinese, are reportedly overweight.Of these, 90 million—about 7 percent—are obese(極肥胖的)．
Experts say the obesity epidemic(流行病) is spreading to children, though more slowly than in adults. The obesity, they say, will do harm to the health of China’ s citizens and economy.“We're seeing a very large number of teenagers who are quite heavy and aren't moving much，” said Barry Popkin, a nutrition(營(yíng)養(yǎng)) professor. Popkin carries out an ongoing health­and­nutrition survey of 16,000 households in China. He says more kids today are overeating and putting on weight “quite quickly.” In just ten years China‘s childhood obesity rate has doubled，with the greatest gains coming in urban areas.“In big cities it's a big problem.”
Some experts blame the extra fat on a range of factors, many of them tied to China’ s rapidly changing economy and culture. The diets of Chinese adults and children are far higher in meats, fish, eggs, dairy products, fats and sugars than ever before. In addition，kids—especially city dwellers—are more sedentary today and spend more time indoors in front of homework, television，computer games, and the Internet.
Shuwen Ng，a health economist, says that kids in China now have pocket money, and they spend a portion of it on junk food. Ng adds that advertising and peer groups influence kids' food choices. Certain foods, such as new candies or fast food, have attractive features.
China’ s childhood obesity rate stillfall behind that of the United States, where some 15 percent of kids are said to be obese. But the long­term effects are equally serious.
小題1:According to the passage we know________.
A．weight­loss camps have been very popular in China six years ago
B．a(chǎn)bout 290 million Chinese are overweight in China in all
C．in China childhood obesity rate in rural areas is lower than that in major cities
D．America’ s childhood obesity rate is lower than China’s
小題2:Which of the following reasons of China’s childhood obesity is NOT mentioned?
A．Advertising on some new candies.
B．ignorance of weight-control.
C．Playing computer games for long time.
D．Having pocket money.
小題3:The underlined word “sedentary” in the third paragraph probably means________.
A．confidentB．patientC．energeticD．inactive
小題4:According to the passage we can infer________.
A．obesity explosion in China will affect the United States
B．there are great difference in kids' food choices now
C．junk food leads to childhood obesity
D．city children eat more than rural children
小題5:What's the best title for the passage?
A．Chinese Childhood Obesity problem
B．Weight­loss Camps in China
C．Obesity problem's influence on Chinese Economy
D．Obesity problem in China and America

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