When you tidy your messy bedroom，it gets a lot easier to find things.Dreams may work the same way for a messy brain，helping you learn by organizing memories and ideas.
To test how much dreams can help learning，Robert Stickgold had some students play a shape­fitting game called Tetris (俄羅斯方塊) for a few hours and then go to sleep.Soon they were dreaming of falling Tetris shapes.Interestingly，the worst Tetris players had the most Tetris dreams and improved their game the most.Similar tests have shown the same results for all kinds of skills.
As we dream，many important tasks are getting done.The brain decides what to keep and what to forget.It is connecting new experiences to older learning.In fact，the brain is learning all night long.
Another important task of dreams may be to help us deal with emotions (情緒)．At night，emotions are in the driver’s seat.People who have had an upsetting experience often dream  about  it  afterward.Often  the  dream event  changes somehow—another way the brain tries to make the memory less upset.So if your best friend moves away，you might dream that you’re the one who’s moving.In fact，dreams have a proven power to improve mood，and people who dream about what’s bothering them usually feel better sooner than those who don’t.
Everybody dreams for a couple of hours every night—in the course   of your life，you’ll spend about 25 years asleep and 6 years dreaming.There’s probably no single answer to the question why we dream，but there doesn’t have to be.One dream might help you remember your math facts，while another might lead to a new invention，or give you a fun，crazy story to tell your friends.It’s all in a night’s work for our busy，mysterious brains.
小題1:Robert Stickgold’s test shows that________.
A．games are useful for memory
B．dreams can help improve skills
C．players stop learning in dreams
D．tasks can only be settled through dreams
小題2:We can learn from Paragraph 4 that________.
A．dreams can get rid of sufferings
B．only drivers can deal with emotions
C．one may be less upset after a dream
D．dreams can copy what one experienced
小題3:Which of the following does the author probably agree with?
A．Dreaming does harm to one’s mood.
B．Dreaming affects the quality of sleep.
C．It’s hard to find out the secrets of dreaming.
D．It’s not so important to know the cause of dreaming.
小題4:What does the text focus on?
A．Dreams and memories.　B．Dreams and emotions.
C．The benefits of dreams.　D．The patterns of dreams.
小題5:In which part of a magazine can this text be found?
A．Entertainment.B．Tourism.
C．Science.　D．Advertisement.

小題1:B
小題2:C
小題3:D
小題4:C
小題5:C

語篇解讀　本文是一篇說明文。文章說明了夢的好處，即可以改善學(xué)習(xí)和情緒。
小題1:解析：　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段可知，為了證實夢對學(xué)習(xí)有幫助，Robert Stickgold做了這次實驗，而實驗結(jié)果表明選手的技能有所提高，根據(jù)本段最后一句“Similar tests have shown the same results for all kinds of skills.”可推知，夢對學(xué)習(xí)各種技能都是有幫助的，故選B。
答案：　B
小題2:解析：　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第一句“Another important task of dreams...emotions (情緒)．”和最后一句“In fact，dreams have a proven power to improve mood...”可知，夢有助于改善心情，故選C。   
答案：　C
小題3:解析：　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段第二句“There’s probably no single answer to the question why we dream，but there doesn’t have to be.”可知，作者認為關(guān)于我們?yōu)槭裁磿鰤舻慕忉尣恢挂粋�，但也沒必要非要有一個解釋。
答案：　D
小題4:解析：　主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，本文主要說明了夢的好處：有助于改善學(xué)習(xí)和情緒。
答案：　C
小題5:解析：　推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章主旨可知，文章是關(guān)于夢的科學(xué)研究方面的知識，所以最可能在雜志的有關(guān)科學(xué)的欄目里找到此文章，故選C。
答案：　C
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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

The preventive measures for forest fires include some preemptive(搶先)methods that can help reduce the risks of fires and control their severity and spread，and thus, maintain ecological balance and protect resources．Close monitoring of forest fires caused by natural factors can help prevent their spread to a large extent．To contain forest fires，fire departments usually use water and chemical fire retardants(抑制劑)that can be dropped from planes and helicopters．To control the spread of a wildfire．firefighters usually create a control line by removing all fuel from an area so that the fire cannot travel across it．
Controlled burns are often employed by government authorities to reduce fuel buildup，and clean up the fallen leaves，and thus，prevent the spread of forest fires to a vast area．Regular controlled burns can also help maintain biodiversity(生物多樣性)，as the smoke and heat produced in the process can facilitate(促進)the growth of seeds of certain plant species．Apart from these，responsible human behavior can help reduce the number of forest fires to a great extent．In fact，we can reduce the number of wildfires dramatically by not leaving behind any source of fire in the forest.
Forest fires can affect climate and weather to a great extent，besides causing severe damage to valuable trees．Wildfires can increase the level of greenhouse gases(water vapor, carbon dioxide，etc)，and therefore increase pollution and global warming．However, they are also an important part of the ecosystem，and many plants depend on the heat and smoke generated by wildfires for their growth and reproduction．But large wildfires can cause extensive damage to the ecosystem，which again highlights the importance of effective control and prevention of forest fires·
小題1:What may be the best title for this passage?
A．Control and Prevention of Forest Fires
B．How to Keep Ecological Balance
C．Effects of Forest Fires
D．Methods of Fire Spread Control
小題2:Firefighters get rid of all fuel in all area in order to ____________．
A．keep close monitoring of forest fires
B．prevent the forest fire from occurring
C．protect the animals there
D．stop the wildfire from spreading
小題3:The government arranges some controlled burns to_______________．
A．burn the rubbish and keep the forest clean
B．help keep ecological balance of nature
C．reduce fuel buildup and limit forest fires spread
D．provide reasonable conditions for some plants’growth
小題4:A controlled forest fire may play a positive role because ________________.
A．a(chǎn) new forest will appear soon
B．it promotes the development of some seeds
C．nature keeps its balance only by wildfires
D．it makes the trees grow faster than before
小題5:The last paragraph tells us that _______________．
A．the greenhouse gases are caused mainly by wildfires
B．wildfires have both positive and negative effects
C．people should be aware of the necessity of wildfires
D．a(chǎn)ll the valuable trees disappear owing to wildfires

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Global Positioning Systems (全球定位系統(tǒng)) are now a part of everyday driving in many countries.These satellite­based systems provide turn­by­turn directions to help people get to where they want to go.However，they can also cause a lot of problems，send you to the wrong place or leave you completely lost.Many times，the driver is to blame.Sometimes a GPS error is responsible.Most often，says Barry Brown，it is a combination of the two.
Barry Brown is with the Mobile Life Centre in Stockholm，Sweden.He told us about an incident involving a friend who had flown to an airport in the eastern United States.There he borrowed a GPS­equipped car to use during his stay.Mr Brown says，“They just plugged in an address and then set off to their destination.And，then it wasn’t until they were driving for thirty minutes that they realized they actually put in a destination back on the West Coast where they lived.They actually put their home address in.So again，the GPS is kind of ‘garbage in garbage out’．”
Mr Brown says this is a common human error，but what makes the problem worse has to do with some of the shortcomings，or failures，of GPS equipment.He says，“One problem with a lot of the GPS units is they have a very small screen and they just tell you the next turn.Because they just give you the next turn，sometimes that means that it is not really giving you the overview that you would need to know that it’s going to the wrong place.”
Mr Brown says，“One of the things that struck us，perhaps the most important thing was that you have to know what you’re doing when you use a GPS.There are these new skills that people have developed.There are these new competencies (資格) that you need to have to be able to use a GPS because they sometimes go wrong.This goes against a common belief that GPS systems are for passive drivers who lack navigational skills.”
Barry Brown says to make GPS systems better we need a better understanding of how drivers，passengers and GPS systems work together.
小題1:According to Barry Brow，in most cases，________are blame for the problems.
A．human errors
B．GPS errors
C．errors caused by both drivers and GPS
D．errors caused by putting in a wrong address
小題2:The example of Barry Brown’s friend is used to show that________.
A．GPS is nothing but garbage
B．GPS is still not accurate enough
C．it is difficult for drivers to use GPS equipment
D．sometimes drivers are responsible for the problem
小題3:It can be inferred from the second paragraph that________.
A．it’s impossible to drive from the east to the west in the US
B．Barry Brown’s friend went to Stockholm，Sweden by plane
C．given wrong instructions，the GPS will produce wrong results
D．GPS systems are for passive drivers who lack navigational skills
小題4:Which of the followings is one of the shortcomings of GPS equipment?
A．It just tells the driver to turn once at a time.
B．It gives the driver the overview.
C．Its screen is too small to be seen clearly.
D．It is only suitable for passive drivers.
小題5:What’s the main idea of the text?
A．GPS systems are helpful for drivers.
B．Driving with GPS can be difficult to navigate (導(dǎo)航)．
C．Drivers should understand how GPS systems work.
D．Drivers should learn to use GPS systems correctly.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Starting high school means many changes in your life．Most teenagers look forward to the first day of high school，but still feel a little bit nervous．In order to make your high school life easier, you can follow these tips．
Learn all you can about your first day before the first day．Take part in some activities that are held at the school for new students to know the school better．If parents are invited to these activities, take yours with you．Carefully look over all the materials you receive．Be sure you know where the school’s buildings are．
Get the things you will need for class．Buy the things suggested on your teachers’ supply lists and place your materials for each class separately．
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There’re more extracurricular(課外的)activities in high school than in middle school，such as clubs，music and theater groups，student government，and sports teams． Make friends and be seen at such school activities．Join a club or other organizations to meet people and develop friendships．Ask someone in school activities if you don’t know how．This is a good time to do what you like doing and an opportunity to try new things．Whe said school has to be aH work and no play?
Since you’ll attend more activities in high school than in middle school，you’ll have to learn how to manage your time．
小題1: The writer wrote this passage to        .
A．a(chǎn)dvise us to study hard in high school
B．tell us how to live an easier life in high school
C．show that we may live a hard life in high school
D．explain why there will be many changes in high school
小題2: In Paragraph 2，the writer suggests that we should      ．
A．a(chǎn)sk our parents to walk us to school
B．a(chǎn)sk other students about our high school
C．prepare all the things we need for our classes
D．1earn about our high school well before attending it
小題3: According to Paragraph 4，what should we do if we are not doing well in a subject?
A．We should get help from others．
B．We should stop going to activities．
C．We should spend most of our time on it．
D．We should give it up if it is not important．
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A．every coin has two sides
B．the early bird catches the worm
C．where there is a will, there is a way
D．a(chǎn)ll work and no play makes Jack a dull boy
小題5: What will the Writer most probably talk about next?
A．How to manage time well in high school．
B．Why we need to learn how to manage time．
C．How to attend more activities in high school．
D．Why middle school is difierent from high school．

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Scientists today are making greater effort to study ocean currents (洋流) . Most do it using satellites and other high-tech equipment. However, ocean expert Curtis Ebbesmeyer does it in a special way -- by studying movements of random floating garbage. A scientist with many years’ experience, he started this type of research in the early 1990s when he heard about hundreds of athletic shoes washing up on the shores of the northwest coast of the United States. There were so many shoes that people were setting up swap meets to try and match left and right shoes to sell or wear.
Ebbesmeyer found out in his researches that the shoes — about 60,000 in total — fell into the ocean in a shipping accident. He phoned the shoe company and asked if they wanted the shoes back. As expected, the company told him that they didn't. Ebbesmeyer realized this could be a great experiment. If he learned when and where the shoes went into the water and tracked where they landed, he could learn a lot about the patterns of ocean currents.
The Pacific Northwest is one of the world's best areas for beachcombing(海灘搜尋) because winds and currents join here, and as a result, there is a group of serious beachcombers in the area. Ebbesmeyer got to know a lot of them and asked for their help in collecting information about where the shoes landed. In a year he collected reliable information on 1, 600 shoes. With this data, he and a colleague were able to test and improve a computer program designed to model ocean currents, and publish the findings of their study.
As the result of his work, Ebbesmeyer has become known as the scientist to call with questions about any unusual objects found floating in the ocean. He has even started an association of beachcombers and ocean experts, with 500 subscribers from West Africa to New Zealand. They have recorded all lost objects ranging from potatoes to golf gloves.
小題1:The underlined phrase swap meets in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to ______________.
A．fitting rooms
B．trading fairs
C．business talks
D．group meetings
小題2:Ebbesmeyer phoned the shoe company to find out _____________.
A．what caused the shipping accident
B．when and where the shoes went missing
C．whether it was all right to use their shoes
D．how much they lost in the shipping accident
小題3:How did Ebbesmeyer prove his assumption?
A．By collecting information from beachcombers.
B．By studying the shoes found by beachcomber.
C．By searching the web for ocean currents models.
D．By researching ocean currents data in the library.
小題4:Ebbesmeyer is most famous for ___________________.
A．traveling widely the coastal cities of the world
B．making records for any lost objects on the sea
C．running a global currents research association
D．phoning about any doubtful objects on the sea
小題5:What is the purpose of the author in writing this passage?
A．To call people's attention to ocean pollution.
B．To warn people of shipping safety in the ocean.
C．To explain a unique way of studying ocean currents.
D．To give tips on how to search for lost objects on the beach.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Around 200 million years ago, the earth was 18 degrees warmer than it is now.  That might be a bit hot for humans, but it was just right for the giant dinosaurs that wandered about the earth during the Mesozoic (中生代的) era. A new study found that planteating dinosaurs may have contributed to the warming of the earth­by releasing significant amounts of methane (甲烷)．
The study, published in science journal Current Biology, focused on sauropods, long­necked herbivores (食草動物) that munched (用力咀嚼) on the top of trees. They  were the largest of the dinosaurs; food broke down in their  stomachs for long periods of time.  The researchers estimate that a sauropoda released 2,675 liters of methane per  day—adding up to a large amount of the greenhouse gas  being pumped from dinosaur's gut into the atmosphere.
Plant eaters naturally release methane as part of their   digestive process. The larger the animal, the more methane  it produces. Methane, a greenhouse gas, traps heat and remains in the atmosphere for approximately 9­15 years,  which warms the atmosphere.
Today,  some  animals,  such  as  cattle,  goats  and  sheep, produce large amounts of methane as a by­product  to their food digestion. Methane is also released from human—influenced sources such as landfill, agricultural activities, coal mining and other industrial practices—which all contribute to today's climate change, according to the  Environmental Protection Agency.
The researchers estimate that earth's sauropods would  have produced about 520 million tons of methane per  year—similar to the total amount of methane produced today by natural and man­made sources.  However, the researchers warn that their numbers are estimates based on  multiple assumptions about the digestive systems and populations of dinosaurs.
The author of the study David Wilkinson says the  emission of methane from dinosaurs would have been just  one of the causes of warm climate during the Mesozoic era.  Other  causes  include  gases  produced  from  volcanoes,  swamps, shallow seas and so on. Still, Wilkinson says，“  The amount of methane from dinosaurs is large enough to  have a measurable effect.”
小題1:Scientists think dinosaurs may have led to the global     warming because ________.
A．they ate everything they found
B．they usually had a good appetite
C．they released a lot of methane
D．there were too many dinosaurs on earth
小題2:What do we know about dinosaurs from Paragraph 2?
A．Sauropods fed on plants.
B．Sauropods were of medium size.
C．Dinosaurs used to live on trees.
D．Dinosaurs digested food quickly.
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A．Coal is dug out by machine.
B．Trees and flowers are planted.
C．Goats digest grass under the tree.
D．Food is being processed in the factory.
小題4:How does the author make his writing reliable?
A．By listing some facts.
B．By making predictions.
C．By citing figures.
D．By using mind pictures.
小題5:David Wilkinson seems to believe that ________.
A．methane had little effects on the earth
B．many other factors contributed to warm climate
C．other causes for warm climate were worth considering
D．dinosaurs were mainly to blame for global warming

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Urban citizens(市民)can enjoy a more colorful life than rural citizens.Townspeople are well­informed because they have the easier access to news，while country people are uniformed because these districts are hard to get to.Urban traffic is so well­developed that the residents there often visit exhibitions and parks which are only a short bus ride away. For country people this is a major operation which involves considerable planning.Shopping，a necessary activity in everyday life is more convenient in the city than in the countryside. Townspeople can buy what they want at any time of a day.But rural residents go to town at most once a week.So after shopping they always stagger home loaded with heavy purchases. As for as meals and clothes concerned，townspeople are well­fed and well­dressed as there is an adequate(足夠的)supply of goods.But rural residents are too busy to pay particular attention to them.It is for these reasons that more and more people are moving into the city and looking for a rest there.
On the contrary，some people are attracted by the rural area.Air pollution，noise and overcrowding which are the biggest problems confronting townspeople seem strange for rural residents.Medical studies have proved that rural residents can live longer than urban residents, because they are free from a polluted environment. In addition，the crime rate in the city is several times higher than in the countryside.As is known to all，the life in any city is much more expensive than in the countryside.So the safe, quiet and cheap life in the country appeals to(對……有吸引力)many city residents.
Either an urban or a rural area gives pleasure and trouble.But，I believe，the suburban area has the excellencies(優(yōu)點)of both and is superior to both.As the automobile industry develops，more and more people will make their homes in suburban areas.
小題1:When visiting an exhibition in town，country people have to ________.
A．listen to local news B．take a bus
C．make a careful planD．a(chǎn)sk friends for help
小題2:Paragraph 1 mainly tells us the differences between urban and rural life in ________.
A．communication，traffic and shopping
B．traffic，shopping and diet
C．education，living conditions and housing
D．traffic，medicine and shopping
小題3:According to the passage，rural people are not as well­dressed as urban citizens mainly because________.
A．they live far away from town
B．they live a poorer life
C．they are busy with their work
D．they don't like to dress up
小題4: For rural residents，the problems the urban citizens facing are________.
A．commonB．unfamiliar
C．well­knownD．unimportant

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

As we enjoy the summer ocean waves along the beaches, we may think nervously about Steven Spielberg's Jaws and the great fear that sharks inspire in us. Yet we are happy to see global efforts to protect the declining number of sharks. The world has realized that we need the species, like sharks, to keep a balanced ecosystem.
Sharks, in particular, are “in” these days. Thanks to good public policy and famous stars such as Jackie Chan and Ang Lee, killing sharks for fin soup is no longer cool.
The demand for shark fins has been rising for decades, threatening sharks with extinction(滅絕)—up to 100 million sharks are killed each year just for their fins. But we have started to reverse the trend, particularly in many areas of the United States and overseas where restaurants once proudly provided delicious shark fins on the menu.
In California, a ban on the sale and possession of shark fin soup has gone into effect this year through the efforts of Wild Aid and other organizations.
Overseas marketing and public efforts featuring posters on public transportation systems and TV ads have been underway for the past few years. These efforts all show signs of success, on both the supply side and the demand side of trade in shark fins.
Actually, stopping the killing of sharks is part of a broader movement to stop the killing of wild animals and the buying and selling of wildlife products. These products come from hunting elephants, tigers and rhinos, besides killing marine life.
Whether it is shark fin soup or ivory piano keys, killing animals is big business. The hunting of elephants in search of ivory tusks for luxury(奢侈的)goods has become a full­scale war. The decrease of African elephant populations is alarming. Together with international partners, the United States is leading the worldwide effort to reduce demand for high­end products that rely on killing animals.
小題1:The underlined word “reverse” in Paragraph 3 probably means ________.
A．showB．keep
C．followD．change
小題2:From the passage, we know ________.
A．Jackie Chan and Ang Lee make fin soup popular
B．a(chǎn) lot of wild animals have been killed for products
C．Steven Spielberg's Jaws inspires us to protect sharks
D．the number of African elephants has been increased
小題3:．What can we infer from the passage?
A．More animals for high­end products will be saved.
B．People have kicked the habit of having shark fin soup.
C．Shark fins will not be available any more in restaurants.
D．Global efforts have succeeded in stopping killing wild animals.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Can noncombustion (非燃燒) technology create a no-pollution way to drive？Imagine pulling into a service station to fuel up your car. But not at the gas pump or electric battery charger —at the air pump! That’s not hot air, either! The next generation of cars may run on thin air. Wouldn’t that be an incredible way to cut both pollution and dependence on foreign oil?
If you’ve ever inflated a balloon and then let it go, you’ve got the basics to test-drive the amazing MiniCAT, currently being developed by Noteur Development International (MDI), headquartered in Luxembourg. Invented by Formula One racing car designer Guy Negre, this experimental vehicle is unlike any car you’ve ever seen. While your family’s traditional car or SUV draws its horsepower using combustion, the only fuel that MiniCAT needs (CAT stands for Compressed Air Technology) is the air we breathe.
Start with about 25,000 gallons of air. Now, press it all into a space smaller than your school locker—because that’s the size of two super-strong, high-pressure air tanks, made from fiber and fixed beneath the air car. 
Confining that much air inside those small tanks generates an internal pressure of over 4,000 pounds per square inch. That’s over 300 times normal air pressure.
When this cold, high-pressure air enters MiniCAT’s unique engine, it interacts(交互作用) with warmer air to create pressure waves that pump the engine’s engineered pistons (活塞) to move the car. MiniCAT’s projected top speed is 60 miles per hour, with a range of 120 miles on a full air supply.
小題1:What is the passage mainly about?
A．Ways to cut down air pollution.
B．Cars that run on thin air.
C．Formula One racing car designer.
D．Dependence on foreign oil.
小題2:What is MiniCAT according to the passage?
A．The name of a car.
B．The name of a balloon.
C．The name of a car company.
D．The name of a car designer.
小題3:The underlined world “Confining” in Paragraph 4 can be replaced by ___________.
A．KeepingB．PreventingC．PushingD．Running
小題4:What does the last paragraph tell us?
A．How much pressure the air creates.
B．How the car works.
C．What the normal air pressure is.
D．How the air gets into the engine.

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