【題目】
單句改錯(共10小題,每小題1分,滿分10分)
下列各句中每句有一處錯。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。
增加:在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(∧), 并在其下面寫出該加的詞。
刪除:把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉。
修改:在錯的詞下畫劃一橫線, 并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。
注意:每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞。
1. Remove clothing using scissors if necessary unless it stuck to the burn.
2. But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people expose to cholera.
3. To prevent this from happening again, John Snow suggested that the source of all the water supplies was examined.
4. I still cannot believe that I am taking in this prize that I won last year
5. Meanwhile, you have to prepare the next question depend on what the person says.
6. He made very positive contribution to the success of the project.
7. Someone broke in the office and got some important information from the computer of the boss.
8. Hardly have I reached the bus stop when the bus started.
9. I found the table covering with dust when I came back.
10. The price of vegetables vary with seasons.
【答案】
【1】stuck前加 is
【2】expose 改為exposed
【3】was改為be
【4】in改為up
【5】depend改為depending
【6】made后加 a或contribution改為contributions
【7】in 改為into
【8】have改為had
【9】covering 改為covered
【10】vary改為varies
【解析】
試題分析:考查了副詞、連詞、動詞、冠詞、介詞等的用法
【1】stuck前加 is 考查動詞。Unless是連詞,后面要加一個完整的句子,故需要謂語,這里是被動語態(tài),故加is
【2】expose 改為exposed 考查動詞。人與expose之間是被動語態(tài),故用exposed
【3】was改為be 考查動詞。Suggest后面加虛擬語氣,故用動詞原形,用be
【4】in改為up 考查介詞。Take up the prize拿獎
【5】depend改為depending 考查動詞。Question與depend on之間是主動關(guān)系,故用depending
【6】made后加 a或contribution改為contributions 考查名詞。Contribution是可數(shù)名詞,故用a+單數(shù)或者復(fù)數(shù)
【7】in 改為into 考查介詞。Break into突然闖入
【8】have改為had 考查動詞。Hardly+動詞過去完成時 when+過去式 表示一...就...
【9】covering 改為covered 考查動詞。Find sth done 桌子與cover之間是被動關(guān)系,故用covered
【10】vary改為varies 考查名詞。Price是單數(shù),故用varies
【學(xué)法指導(dǎo)】
在短文改錯中常出現(xiàn)的錯誤主要有以下幾類:
1. 名詞單復(fù)數(shù)用錯,可數(shù)與不可數(shù)名詞的混用。比如第6句,concentration是可數(shù)名詞,所以要用a+concentration或者復(fù)數(shù)。
2. 動詞:時態(tài)和語態(tài),常出現(xiàn)在總體時態(tài)為過去或現(xiàn)在時,中間雜有不適的另一時態(tài)的現(xiàn)象;或是及物動詞后無賓語,或是不及物動詞后加了賓語;需要接ing形式的接了to,或相反等。比如第2、5、9句,題目都涉及到了主動被動語態(tài),做這類題目,要先搞清楚主語與動詞之間的關(guān)系,再下筆。比如第8句,Hardly+動詞過去完成時 when+過去式 表示一...就...,故用had。
3. 形容詞副詞:常出現(xiàn)需形容詞的地方用了副詞或相反;關(guān)系副詞where, when, why等的缺失或錯用。
4. 介詞:主要是介詞的多余或缺失,錯用。比如第4句,Take up the prize拿獎,故用up。比如第7句,Break into突然闖入,故用into。
5. 主謂一致性:第三人稱單數(shù)漏掉s,或主語為復(fù)數(shù),謂語動詞用了單數(shù);再就是就近原則對主語的影響。比如最后一句Price是單數(shù),故用varies。
6. 冠詞:定冠詞the的多余或缺失,如季節(jié),月份,星期,球類及三餐活動,稱呼頭銜前等不能加the的地方加了the。
7. 數(shù)詞:主要是序數(shù)詞與基數(shù)詞的混用和錯用。
8. 連詞:不合句中的邏輯關(guān)系。如需轉(zhuǎn)折連詞(如but)的時候用了承接連詞(so),或相反等等。
9. 代詞:主要是代詞的格與數(shù)的錯用。如男性用了女性代詞,單數(shù)用了復(fù)數(shù)代詞或相反;應(yīng)當(dāng)用形容詞性的物主代詞用了賓格,主格或相反,關(guān)系代詞的錯用或缺失。
10. 常用固定短語或固定用法及句型用錯。
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