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If teens could reduce the salt they take in every day by 3,000 milligrams (mg), they would cut their risk of heart disease and stroke(中風) greatly in adulthood, researchers say.
Based on the results of a computer modeling analysis, researchers found that a 3,000 mg reduction in sodium(鈉) by teenagers could reduce hypertension by 30 percent to 43 percent when they become adults.
Hypertension, or high blood pressure, is a common condition that may have no symptoms for years, but can eventually cause serious health conditions, including heart attack and stroke.
Other benefits over time as teens hit 50 years of age include a 7-12 percent reduction in coronary heart disease(冠心病), an 8-14 percent reduction in heart attacks, and a 5-8 percent reduction in stroke.
Fast food typically contains too much sodium. One bag of Nacho Cheese Doritos has 310 milligrams. Pizza is one of the biggest problems for teens when it comes to sodium, according to data from the National Center for Health Statistics.
“The additional benefit of lower salt intake early is that we can hopefully change the expectations of how food should taste, ideally to something slightly less salty,” says Dr. Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo, the lead author of the study and associate professor of medicine at the University of California, San Francisco.
“Most of the salt we eat is not from our salt shaker(鹽瓶), but salt that is already added in food that we eat.” she added.
小題1:Which is a benefit of a low sodium diet according to the text?
A．No risk of heart disease.B．Smaller chance of stroke.
C．Low blood pressure.D．Slightly more heart attacks.
小題2:According to the text, 3,000 mg less salt intake daily will reduce hypertension by ________ in adulthood.
A．7%-12% B．8%-14%C．30%-43%D．5%-8%
小題3:What does Dr Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo mean in the last two paragraphs?
A．A lower sodium diet can get teenagers used to less salty food.
B．A good eating habit can help teens have less junk food.
C．Teens should avoid pizzas and other salty foods.
D．We can add more salt from our salt shaker to the food.
小題4:Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A．Teens Cutting Salt for Healthier Adulthood
B．Diet and Health
C．Sodium Brings Health Concerns
D．A Cause of Hypertension

小題1:B
小題1:C
小題1:A
小題1:A
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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

How to eat healthfully can be especially complex for working women who often have neither the desire nor the time to cook for themselves (or for anyone else )．Registered dietitian Barbara Morrissey suggests that a few simple rules can help.
“Go for nutrient－dense foods，”she suggests，“foods that contain a multiple of nutrients.  For example，select whole wheat bread as a breakfast food，rather than coffee cake. Or drink orange juice rather than orange drink，which contains only a small percentage of real juice—the rest is largely colored sugar water. You just can't compare the value of these foods, the nutrient－dense ones are so superior，”she emphasizes.
Morrissey believes that variety is not only the spice of life，it's the foundation of a healthful diet. Diets which are based on one or two foods are not only almost impossible to keep up the strength，they can be very harmful, she says, because nutrients aren't supplied in enough amounts or balance.
According to Morrissey，trying to find a diet that can cure your illnesses，or make you superwoman is a fruitless search.“ As women，many of us are too concerned with staying thin，”she says，and “we believe that vitamins are some kind of magic cure to replace food.”
“We need carbohydrates，protein and fat－they are like the wood in the fireplace. The vitamins and minerals are like the match，the spark，for the fuel，”she explains.“ We need them all，but in a very different proportions（部分）. And if the fuel isn't there，the spark is useless.”
小題1:From the first paragraph we know that working women________.
A．think cooking is especially complicated
B．do not share the same views with registered dietitians
C．are busy and not interested in cooking
D．are likely to eat healthfully
小題2:Orange juice is different from orange drink because________.
A．it contains only a small percentage of real juice
B．it is natural，nutritious and prepared from real oranges
C．it is largely orange－colored sugar water
D．it produces nothing but calories
小題3:In Paragraph 4，“a fruitless search” means “____”．
A．an effort with no results
B．a search for a diet without fruits
C．a research on fruitless diet
D．a diet serving as medicine
小題4:Many women take it for granted，according to the passage that________.
A．a balanced diet can result in being fat
B．staying thin and healthy are both possible
C．lack of variety in diets leads to staying thin
D．vitamins are some kind of substitutions（代替物）for food
小題5:By saying “if the fuel isn't there，the spark is useless”，the author means “________”．
A．carbohydrates，protein and fat are enough to support a human life
B．vitamins and minerals are almost of no value
C．carbohydrates，protein and fat are as important as vitamins and minerals
D．without carbohydrates，protein and fat，vitamins and minerals are of no use

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：完形填空

閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從1—15各題所給的A、B、C和D項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。
Have you noticed that lightly rubbing your temple (太陽穴) on your head temporarily ease minor headaches?
I am not a medical doctor, and I have no idea why this   1   . I don’t even know if it really helps with headache pains or if it is only a    2   remedy (療法). Frankly speaking, I don’t even know if it is  3  to do so. But it seems to work just fine for me, at least for   4   headaches.
If you know why it works or if it is safe, please let me know and I will add that information here.
I also    5   that I am not able to   6   rub my temples for a long period of time, if my headaches are persistent. So, I sometimes use a tight   7   or a tight adjustable hat to do the   8   so I don’t have to use my    9  . Just don’t make it too tight, or it will make your headache  10     .
This simple remedy does not   11    migraines (偏頭痛). You should definitely ask your   12   before you try this relief, and especially if you get headaches   13  . It may be a   14   of a major medical problem that needs immediate  15   . I take no responsibility, so go to see a doctor immediately.
1. A. keeps           B. happens       C. works         D. matters       
2. A. medical         B. special        C. social         D. psychological       
3. A. safe            B. strange        C. efficient       D. crazy       
4. A. minor           B. major         C. serious        D. daily       
5. A. consider        B. find          C. fear           D. insist       
6. A. actually         B. really         C. gradually      D. continuously       
7. A. tool            B. dress          C. headband      D. glove        
8. A. work           B. trick          C. test           D. enjoyment       
9. A. doctor          B. medicine       C. knowledge     D. hands       
10.A. worse          B. better         C. bigger         D. uglier       
11.A. mean          B. cure           C. include         D. damage       
12.A. parents        B. doctor         C. friend          D. neighbor       
13.A. gradually       B. never          C. often           D. occasionally       
14.A. sign           B. discovery       C. character       D. topic       
15.A. rest           B. rubbing        C. attention        D. action

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

More and more scientific experiments prove that physical exercise can reduce the dangers of some illnesses in middle-aged persons．Exercise strengthens the heart muscle，reduces blood pressure and help to prevent muscles from changing into fat．Physical exercise is just as important for children．
Exercise and food affect growing speed in young lab animals．Baby mice start running as soon as they are big enough to use an exercise wheel in their cage．If  they get extra food and run a lot，they will grow as much as 1.5 times bigger than normal．
The same differences in growing speed might be found between active and inactive children．Physical exercise helps active children grow faster than inactive children．One experiment shows that the brains of the mice that had enough exercise weighed about 3％more than those of the mice that did not exercise The mice that exercised are much quicker to learn doing new exercise than the mice that did not exercise．
The results of the experiments suppose the theory that exercise can help babies learn to talk and walk sooner than expected．
The good effects of physical exercise are not limited to children and middle-aged people．Exercise continues to be an important part of our lives after we grow old．For example，people over 50 years old begin to lose calcium(鈣) from their bones，which get weaker and can break easily．Physical exercise，however，helps to strengthen the bones and to prevent them from losing calcium．Of course，old people can take medicines to prevent themselves from suffering from losing calcium．But the medicines they take increase the chance of developing some kind of cancer(癌)．So physical exercise is a much safer treatment(治療)．
小題1:From the passage we know that         .
A．mice need to eat more and exercise more
B．children need more exercise than other people
C．old people like to take medicine to treat their illnesses
D．middle-aged people are easy to get fat
小題2:Active children        than inactive children．
A．enjoy walking more
B．are cleverer and healthier
C．are stronger but more foolish
D．are cleverer but weaker
小題3:Why are the bones of old people easy to break according to the passage?
A．Because they are easy to become ill．
B．Because they eat less than other people．
C．Because they have less exercise than other people．
D．there is less calcium in their bones than in those of other people．
小題4:The passage tells people that       .
A．only middle-aged persons can benefit from physical exercise
B．physical exercise can do good to both the middle-aged and children
C．people of different ages can all benefit from physical exercise
D．physical exercise is the safest treatment for losing calcium

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Europe is now the biggest market for organic food in the world, having grown by 25 percent a year over the past 10 years. Denmark’s agriculture minister is herself an organic farmer. The UK market for organic food grew by 55 percent in 2000, while the food market as a whole grew by only one percent. Yet only seven percent of British shoppers account for nearly 60 percent of organic sales. However popular the idea of organic farming may be, it is still an interest for only a few people.
So what makes the idea of organic farming popular? Organic farming means farming with natural materials, rather than with man-made fertilizers or pesticides. Organic farmers rely on many  methods — such as crop rotation (農作物的輪作) and the use of resistant（有抵抗力的） varieties, because they are necessary for organic farmers to compensate for the shortage of man-made chemicals.
Organic farming is often supposed to be safer than traditional farming for the environment. Yet after a long research on organic farming worldwide for a number of years, science continues to be against this opinion. The House of Commons committee on agriculture publicized that, even with complete research work, it would fail to find any scientific evidence to prove “that any of claims （宣稱） made for organic farming is always true”.
However, the talk about the benefits of organic farming is going on. This is partly because many people depend on their individual farm, the soil, the weather, and so on.
小題1:The first paragraph mainly tells us _____.
A．organic farming has been performed only in Europe over the past 10 years
B．governments of European countries have cared less about organic farming
C．organic farming is far from being as popular as expected
D．European countries need organic food more than the other countries in the world
小題2: The underlined words “compensate for” in the second paragraph probably mean “________”.
A．argue forB．care forC．struggle forD．pay for
小題3: What can we know about organic farming?
A．It refers to farming with natural materials, instead of chemical fertilizers.
B．It refers to farming with chemical fertilizers rather than natural fertilizers.
C．It refers to farming with soil rather than any other thing.
D．It refers to growing crops with man-made fertilizers and pesticides.
小題4:According to the third paragraph, _____.
A．organic farming is safer than traditional farming for the environment
B．the idea that organic farming is safer has not been proven by science
C．organic farming is accepted by the UK’s House of Commons committee
D．organic farming is preferred to traditional farming
小題5:Which of the following is TRUE, according to the passage?
A．The UK’s agriculture minister is an organic farmer.
B．Organic farming is popular with young people.
C．Farmers make use of many different kinds of methods to improve the organic sales system.
D．Ninety-three percent of British shoppers don’t buy organic products.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

A single night of taking the drug Ecstasy (搖頭丸) can cause serious brain damage and speed up the start of Parkinson’s disease（帕金森綜合癥）, scientists say. Just two or three Ecstasy tablets can permanently destroy brain cells that affect movement and reasoning, according to American research that links the drug to Parkinson’s for the first time.
A study by a team at Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, Maryland, involving squirrel monkeys and baboons (狒狒) found that both species suffered permanent damage to key cells, which are lost in Parkinson’s, after receiving three low doses（劑量）of Ecstasy at three-hour periods.
The study is particularly important because baboons are one of the best animal models for the human brain. George Ricaurte, who led the research, said that the widespread abuse of drug might have caused severe damage. “The most troubling result is that young adults using Ecstasy may be increasing their risk of developing Parkinsonism as they get older.”
Alan Leshner, a former director of the US National Institute on Drug Abuse, said, “This study emphasizes the multi-aspect damage that Ecstasy causes to users. We’ve long known that repeated use damages brain cells. But this study shows that even very occasional（偶爾） use can have long-lasting effects on many different brain systems. It sends an important message to young people: don’t experiment with your own brain.”
Janet Betts, a mother whose teenage daughter Leah died after a single Ecstasy tablet in 1995, said, “This comes as no surprise. But people can’t see the effects at first, and they say it won’t happen to them. We’ll see the symptoms later, just as we have with smoking.”
小題1:The article is intended to ______.
A．explain the bad effects of drugs on people’s health
B．warn young people of the risk of taking the drug Ecstasy
C．persuade people out of such bad habits as smoking and using drugs
D．tell us the links between the drug Ecstasy and the animal models
小題2:We know from the passage that a low dose of Ecstasy ______.
A．can permanently destroy one’s brain cells
B．can cause serious brain damage occasionally
C．will result in immediate symptoms
D．may bring on Parkinson’s at once
小題3:Why are squirrel monkeys and baboons involved in the experiments?
A．Because these animals usually take drugs.
B．Because their brain is similar to human beings.
C．Because there is a model in the animals’ brains.
D．Because they will soon get well after the experiment.
小題4:The underlined word “it” in the last paragraph probably refers to”        ”.
A．Leah’s death after a single tablet
B．the symptoms after smoking
C．the damage to the brain systems
D．repeated use of the drug

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Choose the yum(美味的東西) and risk the yuk（討厭的東西）?
Scientists have given us a lot of health warnings. The advice from cancer experts for avoiding bowel(腸) cancer is "try to avoid processed(加工過的) meats such as bacon, ham, corned beef and some sausages", and women fearing breast cancer are told "there doesn't seem to be a starting point at which alcohol consumption is safe",
But all these health warnings tend to have little influence on behavior, So who is being unreasonable —the scientists who give us health advice, or the public that just ignores it?
The curious fact is that both might be right. The reasoning behind these health warnings seems to be this: if you do more of something pleasurable (which we shall give the name “yum”) there is a higher risk of something bad (which we shall give the name “yuk”)occurring, so you should avoid yum.
But when presented with this argument you might ask two questions.
First, maybe the pleasure of yum makes the risk worth taking, especially if yuk might occur a long time in the future? Second, maybe there are other benefits of yum that could cancel out the risks of the particular yuk that has been identified (確認) ?
So suppose bacon sandwiches are your particular yum: research shows that 50g per day — that is a great greasy sandwich — increases your risk of bowel cancer by 20%.
But this means that out of every 100 people who stuffed down that big bacon sandwich every day of their lives, the number of bowel cancers would rise from five to six.
In addition, if a middle-aged woman gave up alcohol, it might reduce her risk of breast cancer, but could increase risk of some other cancers as well as heart disease.
So we need to look at the whole picture before trying to get people to change what they do, since everything has benefit and harms — just think of the joggers(慢跑者) who get knocked down by cars — and people need to be able to find their own balance.
Therefore, as you reach for your yum, perhaps sometimes pause a moment and realize that you are taking a gamble(賭博) on the yuk occurring, but that it may be a risk worth taking.
小題1:What is the advice given by scientists for avoiding breast cancer?
A．Try to avoid processed meat.B．Try to avoid alcohol.
C．Try to choose the yum.D．Try to risk the yuk.
小題2: What does “this argument” in Paragraph 4 mean?
A．If you choose the yum, you will risk the yuk.
B．If you risk the yuk, you’ll choose the yum.
C．The yum is worth taking, especially if yuk might occur in the future.
D．Other benefits of yum could cancel out the risks of the yuk.
小題3:Why do we need to look at the whole picture before trying to get people to change what they do?
A．Because giving up alcohol might reduce breast cancer.
B．Because people are not able to find their own balance.
C．Because all the things have both sides.
D．Because the advice given by scientists is not true.
小題4:According to the passage, which of the following is correct?
A．People are often influenced by the health warnings.
B．Both the scientists and the public are not reasonable.
C．Alcohol consumption has both benefit and harms.
D．People should avoid yum to reduce the risk of yuk.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

You can't escape the message that smoking is bad for you.But what if one or both of your parents smoke?You might be worried about their health,sick of smelling the smoke,or even a little embarrassed(尷尬的) by it.You can't order your mom or dad to stop smoking ,but you can encourage them to quit.There are lots of good reasons.Here are some you can mention:
*Smoking will hurt their health.
*Smoking creates secondhand smoke,which you don't like .
*Smoking will make it hard for them to keep up with you because they might run out of breath easily.
If you think it will help,you could print out articles like this one to give it to your mom or dad. But what if your parent gets angry with you for bringing up the topic of smoking?People don't like to be reminded that they are doing something unhealthy,so it's possible that your parents will be insulted or angry,especially if they're worried they won't be able to quit.Maybe they have tried before and failed.
Remember to be kind and respectful when you discuss smoking with your mom or dad. Also rememeber that it is difficult to quit.Some people try several times before they're able to quit for good. Instead of yelling at the them,tell them that you love them and want them to enjoy many healthy years ahead. In time,your mom or dad may realize you are right about smoking .And if they do agree to stop smoking,be their biggest supporter.Ask if there's anything you can do to help them when they feel the urge to smoke.Maybe you could go for a walk,do a puzzle,or listen to music together.As they reach milestones,such as a month without smoking,be sure to celebrate the achievement.Way to go,mom!Way to go,dad!
小題1: In the first paragraph,the author intended to tell us______.
A．the reasons you have for your parents' giving up smoking
B．the great damage smoking can cause to secondhand smokers
C．most smokers are includable and stubborn
D．smoking does harm to smoker's health
小題2: If you bring up the topic of smoking directly,_________.
A．the smokers will accept your advice willingly
B．the smokers may become very annoyed at once
C．the smokers will take your words into account
D．the smokers will put you in an embarrassing situation
小題3:The underlined word "milestones" in the first paragraph means________.
A．stones which are miles away
B．agreements signed by both sides
C．practical tools for stopping smoking
D．achievements gained with great efforts
小題4:The author wrote the text for_______.
A．school teachersB．health experts
C．sons and daughtersD．medical scientists

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

  Do you always understand the directions on a bottle of medicine? Do you know what is meant by "Take only as directed"? Read the following directions and see if you understand them.
　　"To reduce pain, take two tablets(藥片)with water, followed by one tablet every eight hours, as required. For night-time and early morning relief take two tablets at bedtime. Do not take more than six tablets in twenty-four hours.
For children six to twelve years old, give half the amount. For children under six years old, ask for your doctor's advice.
　　Reduce the amount if you suffer from restlessness or sleeplessness after taking the medicine.
小題1:How many tablets at most can a person over 12 have in 24 hours?
A．Eight　　　　B．SixC．FourD．Three
小題2:How many tablets should a nine-year-old child normally take in 24 hours?
A．Half a tablet.B．One tablet.
C．Two tablets .D．Four tablets.
小題3:What is the advice for one who cannot sleep well after taking the medicine?
A．Stop taking the medicine at bedtime.
B．Take less than the normal amount.
C．Take more than the normal amount.
D．Continue to take the normal amount.
小題4:It can be inferred from the directions that this medicine      .
A．helps you to fall asleep quickly
B．should not be taken by children under six　　
C．cannot be taken if one feels sleepy
D．may be dangerous to small children

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