Researchers are placing robotic dogs（機器狗）in the homes of lonely old people to determine whether they can improve the quality of life for humans. Alan Beck, an expert in human-animal relationship, and Nancy Edwards, a professor of nursing, are leading the animal-assisted study concerning the influence of robotic dogs on old people’s depression, physical activity, and life satisfaction. “No one will argue that an older person is better off being more active, challenged, or stimulated（應急的） ,”Edwards points out. “The problem is how we promote that, especially for those without friends or help. A robotic dog could be a solution.”
In the study, the robot, called AIBO, is placed for six weeks in the houses of some old people who live alone. Before placing AIBO in the home, researchers will collect baseline data for six weeks. These old people will keep a diary to note their feelings and activity before and after AIBO. Then, the researchers will review the data to determine if it has inspired any changes in the life of its owner.
“I talk to him all the time, and he responds to my voice,” says a seventy-year-old lady, “When I’m watching TV, he’ll stay in my arms until he wants down. He has a mind of his own.”
The AIBOs respond to certain orders. The researchers say they have some advantages over live dogs, especially for old people. Often the elderly are disabled(行動不便的) and cannot care for an animal by walking it or playing with it. A robotic dog removes（免除） exercise and feeding concerns.
“At the beginning, it was believed that no one would relate to the robotic dog, because it was metal and not furry.” Beck says，“But it’s amazing how quickly we have given up that belief.”
“Hopefully, down the road, these robotic pets could become a more-valuable health helper. They will record their masters’ blood pressure, oxygen levels, or heart rhythms. AIBOs may even one day have games that can help stimulate older people’s minds.”
小題1: The purpose of Beck and Edwards’ study is to        .
A．understand human-animal relationship
B．find the causes of old people’s loneliness
C．make lonely old people’s life better
D．promote the animal-assisted research
小題2:In the research, the old people are asked to        .
A．note the activities of AIBOsB．record their feelings and activity
C．keep AIBOs at home for 12 weeksD．a(chǎn)nalyze the collected information
小題3:What is the advantage of AIBO over live dogs?
A．It is easier to keep at home.B．It responds to all the human orders.
C．It can help the disabled people.D．It can watch TV with its owner.

小題1:C
小題1:B
小題1:C
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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：完形填空

When someone has deeply hurt you, it can be extremely difficult to let go of your anger. But forgiveness is possible and it can be surprisingly  36  to your physical and  37   health.
"People who forgive  38  less depression, anger and stress and more hopefulness," says Frederic Luskin, Ph.D.,  39  of Forgive for Good. "So it can help  40  on the .wear and tear on our organs, reduce the wearing out of the immune system and  41  people to feel more vital."
So how do you start the forgiveness? Try  42  these steps:
Calm yourself. To defuse (緩解) your  43  and try a simple stress-management technique.
"Take a couple of breaths and think of  44  that gives you pleasure: a  45  scene in nature, someone you love," Luskin says.
Don’t  46  an apology. "Many times the person who hurt you has no  47  of apologizing," Luskin says. "They may have wanted to hurt you or they just don’t see things the same  48  . So if you wait for people to apologize ,you could be waiting a(n)  49  long time. "Keep in mind that forgiveness does not necessarily mean  50  to the person who upsets you.
Take the control away from your offender. Mentally replaying your  51  gives power to the person who caused you pain. " 52  of focusing on your hurt feelings, learn to look for the love, beauty and kindness  53  you," Luskin says.
Try to see things from the other person’s perspective (立場；視角). If you empathize (有同感) with that person, you may  54  that he or she was acting out of ignorance, fear even love.
Recognize the benefits of forgiveness. Research has shown that people who forgive report more energy, better  55  and better sleep patterns. Don’t forget to forgive yourself. "For some people, forgiving themselves is the biggest challenge," Luskin says.
"But it can rob you of your self-confidence if you don’t do it. "
小題1:
A．beneficialB．harmfulC．helplessD．suitable
小題2:
A．chemicalB．wealthyC．technicalD．mental
小題3:
A．ownB．showC．directD．prove
小題4:
A．a(chǎn)uthorB．ownerC．professorD．publisher
小題5:
A．insistB．saveC．waitD．depend
小題6:
A．requireB．wishC．inviteD．a(chǎn)llow
小題7:
A．forgivingB．turningC．followingD．counting
小題8:
A．sadnessB．a(chǎn)ngerC．hungerD．energy
小題9:
A．somethingB．a(chǎn)nythingC．nothingD．everything
小題10:
A．thoughtfulB．dullC．beautifulD．still
小題11:
A．call forB．hunt forC．bid forD．wait for
小題12:
A．inventionB．invitationC．intentionD．a(chǎn)ttention
小題13:
A．wayB．meansC．methodD．a(chǎn)pproach
小題14:
A．helpfullyB．carefullyC．patientlyD．a(chǎn)wfully
小題15:
A．giving inB．giving awayC．giving upD．giving out
小題16:
A．woundB．hurtC．cutD．damage
小題17:
A．BecauseB．In honourC．InsteadD．In search
小題18:
A．a(chǎn)roundB．a(chǎn)boveC．beneathD．below
小題19:
A．forgetB．realizeC．a(chǎn)nnounceD．doubt
小題20:
A．housingB．salaryC．safetyD．a(chǎn)ppetite

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Some American parents might think their children need better education to compete with those in China and other countries. But how much do the parents themselves need to change?
A new book called Battle Hymn of the Tiger Mother by Amy Chua has caused a debate about cultural differences in parenting. In Chinese culture, the tiger represents strength and power. In the book, Ms. Chua writes about how she demanded excellence from her daughters. She said that she had a clear list of what her daughters, Sophia and Louisa, were not permitted to do, such as attending a sleepover, having a play date, watching TV or playing computer games and getting any grade less than an A.
Many people have criticized Amy Chua. Some say her parenting methods were abusive(辱罵的). She even admits that her husband, who is not Chinese, sometimes objected to her parenting style. But she says that it was the way her parents raised her and her three sisters.
Ms. Chua makes fun of her own extreme style of parenting. She says she eased some of the pressure after her younger daughter rebelled and shouted, “I hate my life! I hate you!”
Ms. Chua says she decided to retreat when it seemed like there was a risk that she might lose her daughters. But she also says American parents often have low expectations of their children’s abilities. “One of the biggest differences I see between Western and Chinese parents is that Chinese parents assume strength rather than fragility(脆弱),” she said.
“The beginning of this intense discussion has to do with what it means to be a successful parent and what it means to be a successful child,” said Stacy Debroff, who has written four books about parenting.
Ms. Debroff says Amy Chua’s parenting style is not limited to Chinese families. She says it represents a traditional way of parenting among immigrants(移民) seeking a better future for their children.
But she also sees a risk. When children have no time to be social or to follow their own interests, they might not develop other skills that they need to succeed in life. Stacey Debroff advises parents to develop their own styles of parenting and not just repeat the way they were raised.
小題1:Amy Chua has been criticized mainly because ____.
A．she looks up to boys and down on girls
B．she has already abused her right as a parent
C．she hasn’t raised her children like her own parents
D．she has fought with her children several times
小題2:Which can best describe Ms. Chua according to the passage?
A．Uneducated.B．Cruel.C．Strict.D．Strong.
小題3: According to Ms. Debroff, _____.
A．Amy Chua’s parenting style should be banned(禁止) in China
B．Amy Chua’s should stop to adopt American parenting styles
C．Amy Chua’s parenting style should be adjusted if possible
D．There isn’t any advantages in Amy Chua’s style
小題4:What does the underlined word “retreat” in Paragraph 5 mean?
A．Give in.B．Pass away.C．Cry out.D．Go ahead.
小題5:What should be the best title of this passage?
A．Some books on studying styles.
B．The disadvantage of Chinese parenting styles
C．Differences between western and eastern parenting styles
D．The comparison between American and Chinese parenting styles

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Against the supposition（假設）that forest fires in Alaska, Canada and Siberia warm the climate, scientists have discovered that cooling may occur in areas where burnt trees allow more snow to mirror more sunlight into space.
This finding suggests that taking steps to prevent northern forest to limit the release of greenhouse gases may warm the climate in northern regions. Usually large fires destroyed forests in these areas over the past decade. Scientists predict that with climate warming, fires may occur more frequently over next several centuries as a result of a longer fire season. Sunlight taken in by the earth tends to cause warming, while heat mirrored back into space tends to cause cooling.
This is the first study to analyze all aspects of how northern fires influence climate. Earlier studies by other scientists have suggested that fire in northern regions speed up climate warming because greenhouse gases from burning trees and plants are released into the atmosphere and thus trap heat.
Scientists found that right after the fire, large amounts of greenhouse gases entered the atmosphere and caused warming. Ozone（臭氧）levels increased, and ash from the fire fell on far-off sea ice, darkening the surface and causing more radiation from the sun to be taken in. The following spring, however, the land within the area of the fire was brighter than before the fire, because fewer trees covered the ground. Snow on the ground mirrored more sunlight back into space, leading to cooling.
“We need to find out all possible ways to reduce the growth of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.” Scientists tracked the change in amount of radiation entering and leaving the climate system as a result of the fire, and found a measurement closely related to the global air temperature. Typically, fire in northern regions occurs in the same area every 80 to 150 years. Scientists, however, found that when fire occurs more frequently, more radiation is lost from the earth and cooling results. Specifically, they determined when fire returns 20 years earlier than predicated, 0.5 watts per square meter of area burned are soaked up by the earth from greenhouse gases, but 0.9 watts per square meter will be sent back into space. The net effect is cooling. Watts are used to measure the rate at which energy is gained or lost from the earth.
小題1:According to the new findings, taking steps to prevent northern forest fires may _______.
   
A．result in a warming climate
B．cause the forest fires to occur more frequently
C．lead to a longer fire season
D．protect the forests and the environment there
小題2: The following are all the immediate effects after a forest fire EXCEPT _________.
A．large amounts of greenhouse gases enter the atmosphere
B．the levels of ozone which is a type of oxygen increase
C．snow on the ground mirrors more sunlight back into space
D．a(chǎn)shes from the fire fall on the ice surface and take in more radiation from the sun
小題3:Earlier studies about northern forest fires _________.
A．a(chǎn)nalyze all aspects of how northern fires influence climate
B．indicate that forest fires will pollute the atmosphere
C．suggest that people should take measures to protect environment
D．suggest that the fires will speed up climate warming
小題4:The underlined part “soaked up” in the last paragraph most probably means ________.
A．releasedB．a(chǎn)bsorbedC．createdD．distributed
小題5:From the passage we can draw a conclusion that forest fires in Alaska, Canada and Siberia may __________.
A．warm the climate as the supposition goes
B．a(chǎn)llow more snow to reflect more sunlight into space and thus cool the climate
C．destroy large areas of forests and pollute the far-off sea ice
D．help to gain more energy rather than release more energy

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Although many online personality tests are fun, only a few will really give you insight into who you are and what you are supposed to be doing with your life.
At CareerPlanner.com we believe that each individual, regardless  of （不管） race or religion, has a purpose in life, and until you discover what your purpose is, you will not find true happiness, nor true job satisfaction.
This doesn’t mean you won’t be successful. It just means you won’t be happy until you are moving towards your true purpose.
Unfortunately, our school system does very little to help students discover their true career. This is where online personality tests and career tests can help.
Online personality tests and career tests can help you better understand what type of work you should be doing to achieve job satisfaction, happiness, and success.
Personality tests are most useful in giving you insight into “how” your personality compares to others and “how” you like to work.
In particular, if you frequently experience difficulty working with others, or getting their support and cooperation, a really good personality test would show you how to get along better.
While personality tests are very useful at showing you how you like to work and how you like your work environment, they are not really designed to show you “what” type of work is right for you.
That is where Career Interest Tests come in. Online Career Tests, such as the CareerPlanner.com offers will help you discover what your true interests are, and what type of work you will be passionate (熱誠的) about.
But back to personality tests. The most well-established personality tests are the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator R, and the Enneagram.
小題1:The underlined word “insight” in the first paragraph means _____.
A．theoryB．demandC．understandingD．term
小題2: You can’t achieve true job satisfaction unless you _____.
A．find your true purpose in lifeB．choose the best work
C．get along well with othersD．a(chǎn)dapt to the work environment
小題3:The writer’s purpose in writing this passage is _____.
A．to recommend some popular online personality tests
B．to inform readers of online personality and career tests
C．to tell the differences between some popular online tests
D．to persuade people to take online personality or career tests
小題4: What will the writer most probably talk about next?
A．The differences between personality tests and career tests.
B．The similarities between personality tests and career tests.
C．The reasons why personality and career tests are popular.
D．The details of the two most well-established personality tests.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

The $11 billion self-help industry is built on the idea that you should turn negative thoughts like “I never do anything right” into positive ones like “I can succeed.” But was positive thinking advocate Norman Vincent Peale right? Is there power in positive thinking?
　　Researchers in Canada just published a study in the journal Psychological Science that says trying to get people to think more positively can actually have the opposite effect: it can simply highlight how unhappy they are.
　　The study’s authors, Joanne Wood and John Lee of the University of Waterloo and Elaine Perunovic of the University of New Brunswick, begin by citing older research showing that when people get feedback which they believe is very positive, they actually feel worse, not better. If you tell your stupid friend that he has the potential of an Einstein, you’re just underlining his faults. In one 1990s experiment, a team including psychologist Joel Cooper of Princeton asked participants to write essays opposing funding for the disabled. When the essayists were later praised for their sympathy, they felt even worse about what they had written.
　　In this experiment, Wood, Lee and Perunovic measured 68 students’ self-esteem. The participants were then asked to write down their thoughts and feelings for four minutes. Every 15 seconds, one group of students heard a bell. When it rang, they were supposed to tell themselves, “I am lovable.”
　　Those with low self-esteem didn’t feel better after the forced self-affirmation. In fact, their moods turned significantly darker than those of members of the control group, who weren’t urged to think positive thoughts.
　　The paper provides support for newer forms of psychotherapy (心理治療) that urge people to accept their negative thoughts and feelings rather than fight them. In the fighting, we not only often fail but can make things worse. Meditation techniques, in contrast, can teach people to put their shortcomings into a larger, more realistic perspective. Call it the power of negative thinking.
小題1:What do we learn from the first paragraph about the self-help industry?
A．It has produced positive results.
B．It is a highly profitable industry.
C．It is based on the concept of positive thinking.
D．It was established by Norman Vincent Peale.
小題2:What does the word “underline” mean (Line 4, Para. 3)?
A．point outB．lay emphasis onC．pay no attention to D．take for granted
小題3: Which of the following is TRUE about the Canadian researchers’ study?
A．Encouraging positive thinking many do more good than harm.
B．Self-affirmation can bring a positive change to one’s mood.
C．There can be no simple therapy for psychological problems.
D．Forcing a person to think positive thoughts may lower their self-esteem.
小題4:What do we learn from the last paragraph?
A．Meditation may prove to be a good form of psychotherapy.
B．People can avoid making mistakes through meditation.
C．Different people tend to have different ways of thinking.
D．The effects of positive thinking vary from person to person.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Global warming is the process of earth’s atmosphere heating up. Over the last 100 years, the average temperature of earth’s atmosphere has gone up 1 Fahrenheit. The weather has not changed exactly the same way in every area of the planet. But scientists think that the rise in average temperature is already affecting the earth’s climate.
Many scientists now believe that global warming is caused by cutting down trees, producing more trash, and polluting the environment which are some of the reasons why the temperature has gone up. Many scientists believe that the biggest causes of global warming are new human technologies that release greenhouse gases into the atmosphere.
The greenhouse effect is not new. Certain gases in the atmosphere, like carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide and methane, making it hard for heat energy to go into space. In the past, the climate didn’t change much because nature produced just the right amount of greenhouse gases to deal with it.
Today, most scientists are pretty sure that the rising temperature can’t be blamed on nature. Ever since the industrial revolution in the 1700s, humans have relied on machines for daily life. And many of those machines give off a lot of greenhouse gases. An increase in the release of greenhouse gases from human activities is throwing nature off balance.
The climate is a very complicated thing, but many scientists agree that the rising atmospheric temperature has already damaged the environment. Sheets of ice, called glaciers, are melting in Antarctica and other parts of the globe. As glaciers break off and melt into the oceans, they are adding warm water to the oceans and causing the sea level to rise.
Over the past 100 years, the sea level has risen 6-8 inches around the world. That means land along the coasts is beginning to disappear under water. Bigger and warmer oceans are also adding to other weather problems caused by pollution in the atmosphere. Some places have received more rain, others have had bigger storms and a few areas in the world have experienced unusual droughts.
小題1:What is mainly talked about in this passage?
A．The melting of glaciers.B．Global warming.
C．The world’s weather.D．The earth’s temperature.
小題2:What causes global warming according to scientists?
A．Human activities.B．The nature itself.
C．The earth’s atmosphere.D．New discoveries
小題3:How can greenhouse gases make the globe warm?
A．They keep heat in the atmosphere.
B．They let the heat go out into space.
C．They release heat into the air
D．They can make the other gases warm.
小題4:From the passage we can see that global warming will bring about _____.
A．the pollution in the atmosphereB．natural disasters
C．population pollutionD．the rise of glaciers

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

If you ask Americans whether or not they think their former president George W. Bush is smart, most of them will probably tell you they don’t think so. However, Bush’s IQ score is estimated to be above 120, which puts him in the top ten percent of the population.
It doesn’t seem to make sense. How come someone with such an IQ score is not considered smart? Researchers say: IQ does not tell the whole story. Some people have high IQ scores, but still they can be poor thinkers and decision-makers.
Keith Stanovich, a Canadian professor of human development and applied psychology, has been looking into the “clever fools” phenomenon for 15 years. He says IQ tests are very good at measuring certain mental faculties(能力), including logic, learning ability, working-memory capacity (how much information you can hold in mind), etc. Those faculties play a part in one’s academic success, but rational thinking is more important for us to make good judgments in real-life situations.
IQ tests fail to work when it comes to rational thinking. That’s because they are unable to assess things such as a person’s ability to weigh up information, or whether an individual can set aside the cognitive biases(認知偏差)that may be misleading.
“A high IQ is like height in a basketball player,” says David Perkins, who studies thinking and reasoning skills at Harvard University. “It is very important, all other things being equal. But all other things aren’t equal. It takes a lot more to be a good basketball player than being tall, and it takes a lot more to be a good thinker than having a high IQ.”
小題1:According to the text your academic success depends on your __________.
A．logicB．mental facultiesC．learning abilityD．working-memory capacity
小題2:If you need to decide where to invest your money, you must use your ______________
A．IQ scoresB．IQ testC．rational thinkingD．cognitive biases
小題3:We know from the text that ____________
A．the former president George W. Bush has a high IQ score
B．many Americans think their former president George W. Bush is smart
C．David Perkins believe that a person’s IQ doesn’t need to be developed
D．Keith Stanovich looked into the “clever fools” phenomenon 5 years ago
小題4:What is the text mainly about?
A．Those who have high IQ do better than those who don’t in everything.
B．People with high IQ scores must be good decision-makers
C．People with high IQ scores are always smart in every way.
D．Why a high IQ doesn’t mean you’re smart

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

When you think about math, you probably don’t think about breaking the law, solving mysteries or finding criminals. But a mathematician in Maryland does, and he has come up with mathematical tools to help police find criminals.
People who solve crimes look for patterns that might reveal(揭示) the identity of the criminal. It’s long been believed, for example, that criminals will break the law closer to where they live, simply because it’s easier to get around in their own neighborhood. If police see a pattern of robberies in a certain area, they may look for a suspect(嫌疑犯) who lives near the crime scenes. So, the farther away from the area a crime takes place, the less likely it is that the same criminal did it.
But Mike O’Leary, a mathematician at Towson University in Maryland, says that this kind of approach may be too simple. He says that police may get better clues to the location of a criminal’s home base by combining these patterns with a city’s layout(布局) and historical crime records.
The records of past crimes contain geographical information and can reveal easy targets — that is, the kind of stores that might be less difficult to rob. Because these stores are along roads, the locations of past crimes contain information about where major streets and intersections are. O’Leary is writing a new computer program that will quickly provide this kind of information for a given city. His program also includes information about the people who live in the city, and information about how a criminal’s patterns change with age. It’s been shown, for example, that the younger the criminal, the closer to home the crime.
Other computer programmers have worked on similar software, but O’Leary’s uses more math. The mathematician plans to make his computer program available, free of charge, to police departments around the country.
The program is just one way to use math to fight crime. O’Leary says that criminology — the study of crime and criminals — contains a lot of good math problems. “I feel like I’m in a gold mine and I’m the only one who knows what gold looks like,” he says. “It’s a lot of fun.”
小題1:
To find criminals, police usually ______.
A．focus on where crimes take placeB．seek help from local people
C．depend on new mathematical toolsD．check who are on the crime scene
小題2:
O’Leary is writing a computer program that ______.
A．uses math to increase the speed of calculation
B．tells the identity of a criminal in a certain area
C．shows changes in criminals’ patterns
D．provides the crime records of a given city
小題3:
By “I’m the only one who knows what gold looks like”, O’Leary means that he ______.
A．is better at finding gold than others
B．is the only one who uses math to make money
C．knows more criminals than other mathematicians
D．knows best how to use math to help solve crimes
小題4:
What is the main idea of the text?
A．Criminals live near where crimes occur.
B．Math could help police find criminals.
C．Crime records could be used to fight crime.
D．Computer software works in preventing crimes.

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