As Internet users become more dependent on the Internet to store information, are people remember less? If you know your computer will save information, why store it in your own personal memory, your brain? Experts are wondering if the Internet is changing what we remember and how.

In a recent study, Professor Betsy Sparrow conducted some experiments. She and her research team wanted to know the Internet is changing memory. In the first experiment, they gave people 40 unimportant facts to type into a computer. The first group of people understood that the computer would save the information. The second group understood that the computer would not save it. Later, the second group remembered the information better. People in the first group knew they could find the information again, so they did not try to remember it.

In another experiment, the researchers gave people facts to remember, and told them where to find the information an the Internet. The information was in a specific computer folder (文件夾). Surprisingly, people later remember the folder location (位置) better than the facts. When people use the Internet, they do not remember the information. Rather, they remember how to find it. This is called “transactive memory (交互記憶)”

According to Sparrow, we are not becoming people with poor memories as a result of the Internet. Instead, computer users are developing stronger transactive memories; that is, people are learning how to organize huge quantities of information so that they are able to access it at a later date. This doesn’t mean we are becoming either more or less intelligent, but there is no doubt that the way we use memory is changing.

1.The passage begins with two questions to ________.

A. introduce the main topic B. show the author’s altitude

C. describe how to use the Interne D. explain how to store information

2.What can we learn about the first experiment?

A. Sparrow’s team typed the information into a computer.

B. The two groups remembered the information equally well.

C. The first group did not try to remember the formation.

D. The second group did not understand the information.

3.In transactive memory, people ________.

A. keep the information in mind

B. change the quantity of information

C. organize information like a computer

D. remember how to find the information

4.What is the effect of the Internet according to Sparrow's research?

A. We are using memory differently.

B. We are becoming more intelligent.

C. We have poorer memories than before.

D. We need a better way to access information.

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A. She couldn’t defeat her grandpa.

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1.What is culture shock according to the passage?

A. Something that you feel surprised and shocked at.

B. The problems you have when you go to another country.

C. The frightening feelings you have.

D. Something different from your own culture.

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A. Go back to your own homeland.

B. Talk to someone about your problems.

C. Give yourself some time to get used to it.

D. Stop thinking of it.

3.Which of the following statements is NOT true?

A. It is natural to feel overwhelmed sometimes.

B. Not everything is perfect.

C. Try to form the opinion about the new culture as soon as possible.

D. Tell others about your problems.

4.What is the main idea of the passage?

A. How to overcome culture shock.

B. Why people have culture shock.

C. Who might have culture shock.

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科目：高中英語 來源：新疆生產(chǎn)建設(shè)兵團第二中學2016-2017學年高二下學期第四次月考英語試卷 題型：閱讀理解

Winter begins in the north on December 22nd. People and animals have been doing what they always do to prepare for the colder months. Squirrels (松鼠), for example, have been busy gathering nuts from trees. Well, scientists have been busy gathering information about what the squirrels do with the food they collect.

They examined differences between red squirrels and gray squirrels in the American state of Indiana. The scientists wanted to know how these differences could affect the growth of black walnut (黑胡桃) trees. The black walnut is the nut of choice for both kinds of squirrels. The black walnut tree is also a central part of some hardwood forests.

Rob Swihart of Purdue University did the study with Jake Goheen, a former Purdue student now at the University of New Mexico. The two researchers estimate that several times as many walnuts grow when gathered by gray squirrels as compared to red squirrels. Gray squirrels and red squirrels do not store nuts and seeds in the same way. Gray squirrels bury nuts one at a time in a number of places. But they seldom remember where they buried every nut. So some nuts remain in the ground. Conditions are right for them to develop and grow the following spring. Red squirrels, however, store large groups of nuts above ground. Professor Swihart calls “death traps for seeds”.

Gray squirrels are native to Indiana. But Professor Swihart says their numbers began to decrease as more forests were cut for agriculture. Red squirrels began to spread through the state during the past century.

The researchers say red squirrels are native to forests that stay green all year, unlike walnut trees. They say the cleaning of forest land for agriculture has helped red squirrels invade Indiana. Jake Goheen calls them a sign of an environmental problem more than a cause.

1.The study done by Rob Swihart and Jake Goheen is to ________.

A. find out the living conditions for squirrels

B. learn squirrels’ influence on black walnut trees

C. do something to get rid of squirrels

D. save the forests in the American state of Indiana

2.The difference between gray squirrels and red squirrels mainly lies in ________.

A. the way they gather the walnut

B. the time they have winter sleep

C. the place they have winter sleep

D. the place they store the walnuts

3.When Professor Swihart says “death traps for seeds”, he actually means that ________.

A. red squirrels eat more nuts than gray squirrels

B. gray squirrels and red squirrels will have severe fights

C. nuts above the ground will not develop into plants

D. seeds can be traps for other animals in the forest

4.According to the passage, which of the following is true?

A. The black walnut is equally attractive to both gray and red squirrels.

B. Gray squirrels do more harm to the forest than red squirrels.

C. Red squirrels and gray squirrels have helped the spread of walnut trees.

D. The cleaning of forest land benefits red squirrels directly.

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