4．You're rushing to work and a man ahead of you collapses on the sidewalk．Do you stop to help？In a study of by-standers，it was found that some people avert their gaze and keep on  walking rather than stop and get involved．
"There is a tendency to decide that no action is needed．"says a psychologist．"The first thoughts that pop into your mind often keep you from offering help．In order to take action，you have to work against them．"Here are some common thoughts that might prevent you from helping．
●Why should I be the one？I'm probably not the most competent（有能力的） person in this crowd．You might think someone older or with more medical knowledge should offer assistance．
●What if he doesn't really need my help？The fear of embarrassment is powerful； no one wants to risk looking foolish in front of others．
●No one else looks concerned-this must not be a problem．We can follow the people around us，but most people tend to hold back their emotions in public．
"If you spot trouble and find yourself explaining inaction，force yourself to stop and evaluate the situation instead of walking on，"says the psychologist．"Then retry to involve other people； you don't have to take on the entire responsibility of being helpful．Sometimes it's just a matter of turning to the person next to you and saying，‘It looks like we should do something．'Or asking someone if an ambulance has been called and，if not，to call for one．Once you take action，most people will follow you．"

56．Which is NOT the common thought that stops you from helping others？B
A．I'm not the very person capable of setting the problem．
B．It looks like we should do something．
C．It must not be a problem as no one else is concerned．
D．He doesn't really need my help．
57．According to a study of by-standers，what will some people do when a man ahead falls down on the sidewalk？C
A．They will call for help and then walk away．
B．They will stop and offer help．
C．They will turn away their eyes and go on walking．
D．They will laugh at him．
58．We learn from the last paragraph that if we spot trouble，C．
A．we should call the ambulance as soon as we can．
B．we should take on the whole responsibility and do something alone．
C．we should stop and evaluate the situation and try to make other people follow．
D．we should turn to other people and ask them to take on the responsibility
59．In order to offer others your timely help，you need toD．
A．a(chǎn)sk others for help and call the police
B．get along well with the passers-by who spot the trouble
C．go directly to the police station
D．work against the first thoughts that prevent you offering help
60．The main purpose of the text is to tell readersA．
A．to give others a hand        B．to be more competent
C．not to risk looking foolish  D．to stop and evaluate the situation．

分析 本文是主要講了根據(jù)調(diào)查顯示，在別人遇到困難時(shí)，很多人選擇徑直走開(kāi)，而不是提供幫助．心理學(xué)家從幾個(gè)方面分析了其中的原因，并且提倡人們遇到此類情況，要伸出援助之手．

解答 56．B．根據(jù)Why should I be the one？I'm probably not the most competent（有能力的） personin this crowd．排除A；根據(jù)No one elselooks concerned-this must not be a problem．排除C；根據(jù)What if he doesn't really need my help，排除D，只有B未提及，故選B．
57．C．根據(jù)In a study of by-standers，it was found that some people avert their gaze and keep on walkingrather than stop and get involved．可知旁觀者會(huì)繼續(xù)走路不幫助別，故選C．
58．C．根據(jù)"If you spot trouble and find yourself explaining inaction，force yourself to stop and evaluate thesituation instead of walking on，"以及Once youtake action，most people will follow you．"如果你發(fā)現(xiàn)了問(wèn)題，要強(qiáng)迫自己停止和評(píng)估形勢(shì)，而不是繼續(xù)，讓大多數(shù)人跟著你，故選C．
59．D．根據(jù)"The first thoughts thatpop into your mind often keep you from offering help．In order to take action，you have to work against them．"可知我們要反對(duì)那些組織幫助他人的念頭，故選D．
60．A．根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容可知文章提倡人們遇到他人需要幫助時(shí)，要伸出援助之手．．故選A．

點(diǎn)評(píng) 這篇文章非常簡(jiǎn)單，先看問(wèn)題，再帶著問(wèn)題仔細(xì)閱讀短文，理解了全文內(nèi)容，很容易選出正確答案．閱讀注意事項(xiàng)：1、關(guān)注連詞，分析文章邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)．2、聚焦代詞，明辨指代關(guān)系．3、抓住關(guān)鍵詞語(yǔ)，利用平行結(jié)構(gòu)、上下文（包括定義、釋義、舉例、對(duì)比、標(biāo)點(diǎn)）進(jìn)行判斷與推理．4、了解一些構(gòu)詞法，從詞根的特殊含義入手．

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