13．People of older generations often complain about the selfishness and lack of respect they find among the younger genera-tions．It is undeniable that some youn people do need to be educated on mutual respect and concern for others，especially senior members of society．But we older people should have some understanding about the young，too．
Today's society is rather different from what it was when we were young．The social，financial and psychological pressure today's young people have to face is much higher than wehat we did back in the 1950s through the 1990s．
They are in the early stage of their career．They have to find proper jobs to support themselves and work diligently to rise．They have to live in smaller houses，becaurs they are un-able to afford the soaring housing prices．Considering these facts，we may find it understandable why young people some-times appear aloof and disrespectful．
I don't mean that we should put up with it without reminding them of the need to mend their ways．What I mean is that we should be more patient，understanding and tolerant toward them．
For instance，when we get up on a bus or a subway train，we should not complain about not being offered a seat．A young person does not offer a senior citizen his/her seat probably because he/she has to travel a long way to work or because the carriage is too crowded for one to move at all．
In fact，young people do offer their seats to the seniors．I seldom take a bus or a subway train，but more than a quarter of the times I have done so，I was offered a seat．That is fair enough，given that I do not look so senile．
But on occasions，I have seen old people not showing any sign of gratitude when offered a seat．
China has become an aging society since the end of the last centruy．According to a recent survey，people older than 60accounted for 11.4percent of the nation's population．And the percentage is expected to rise，given the one-child family planning policy our country has practiced for more than three decades．
In other words，the younger generations will have to shoulder a heavier burden in looking after the parents and grandparents．Theoretically，there will come a day then one cuple may have to support four parents and eight grandpar-ents．What a burden it would be!
All this demands that we show more concern and understanding to our younger generations．

58．What can be the best title for the text？B
A．Should the young show respect for the old？
B．Young people deserve more understanding．
C．Who should be blamed，the young or the old？
D．debate between the young and the old
59．The author's attitude towards young people not giving up seats to the old isC．
A．unreasonable
B．unacceptable
C．understandable
D．unusual
60．Which of the following will the author agree with？D
A．It is the old rather than the young who are to blame for
B．It is time that the society lightened the burden on the shoulder of the young．
C．It is time to change China's one-child family planning policy．
D．The old and the young need mutual understanding．

分析 本文是一篇議論文，主要闡述了有很多老年人抱怨現(xiàn)在的年輕人很自私和缺少對(duì)老人的尊敬，而本文作者認(rèn)為老年人對(duì)年輕人應(yīng)多份耐心，多一份理解和寬容，年輕人所面臨的壓力以及他們肩上所承擔(dān)的重任，他們理應(yīng)得到更多的理解．

解答 58．B     主旨大意題．文章第一段最后一句"But we older people should have some understanding about the young，too．
"引出了文章的主題"老年人對(duì)年輕人應(yīng)多一份理解"，接下來(lái)陳述理由，最后兩段再次概述了文章的中心，即鑒于年輕人所面臨的壓力以及他們肩上所承擔(dān)的重任，他們理應(yīng)得到更多的理解．故選B．
59．C     細(xì)節(jié)理解題．根據(jù)第五、六、七三段，尤其是第五段第二句"But on occasions，I have seen old people not showing any sign of gratitude when offered a seat"可知，作者認(rèn)為年輕人不讓座是有某些正當(dāng)理由的，應(yīng)當(dāng)予以理解．故選C．
60．D    推理判斷題．可以通過(guò)排除法作出選擇．文章提及中國(guó)的計(jì)劃生育政策，只是為了說(shuō)明如今的年輕人面臨巨大壓力的原因，并不能推斷出C項(xiàng)．本文也并沒(méi)有提到對(duì)于年輕人和老年人之間的誤解哪一方要承擔(dān)責(zé)任，排除A項(xiàng)；而B項(xiàng)與本文中中心論點(diǎn)無(wú)關(guān)故排除；縱觀整個(gè)文章可知，老年人對(duì)年輕人應(yīng)多一份理解，同樣年輕人更應(yīng)該尊敬和理解老年人，兩者之間需要相互理解．

點(diǎn)評(píng) 解答細(xì)節(jié)理解題時(shí)，一個(gè)常用的方法就是運(yùn)用定位法，即根據(jù)題干和選項(xiàng)中的關(guān)鍵詞從原文中找到相關(guān)的句子，與選項(xiàng)進(jìn)行比較從而確定答案；推理判斷題既要求學(xué)生透過(guò)文章表面文字信息推測(cè)文章隱含意思，又要求學(xué)生對(duì)作者的態(tài)度、意圖及文章細(xì)節(jié)的發(fā)展作正確的推理判斷，力求從作者的角度去考慮，不要固守自己的看法或觀點(diǎn)．

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