【題目】閱讀下面材料, 在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

Volunteering to help people in need combined1travelling to faraway places is2new trend in the travel industry. It is called voluntourism. People travel to other countries, learn other languages and cultures and gain new3(experience). Recent statistics show that in the past few years voluntourism4(be) one of the fastest-growing areas of tourism. More than 1.6 million people around the world are volunteers in other countries. They work in orphanages (孤兒院), help build schools, assist in hospitals and do farming work in5(develop) countries. There are many reasons6people want to engage in voluntourism. Students see it as a gap year after school, while others7(simple) want to take time out from a job and do something else. However, some voluntourists do not regard volunteering8what it is. They only think9a cheap way to travel and don’t really want to get10(involve) in hard work.

【答案】

1with

2a

3experiences

4has been

5developing

6why

7simply

8as

9it

10involved

【解析】

這是一篇說(shuō)明文。本文介紹了旅游產(chǎn)業(yè)的一個(gè)新趨勢(shì):公益旅行,即把去遠(yuǎn)方旅行和志愿幫助那些有需要的人結(jié)合起來(lái)。這既幫助了別人,又增長(zhǎng)了見(jiàn)識(shí)。

1考查介詞。句意:把志愿幫助有需要的人和去遠(yuǎn)方旅行結(jié)合起來(lái)是旅游業(yè)的一種新趨勢(shì)。根據(jù)短語(yǔ)combine with表示“結(jié)合”。故填with

2考查冠詞。trend是可數(shù)名詞,此處表示泛指應(yīng)用不定冠詞,且new為輔音音素開(kāi)頭的單詞。故填a

3考查名詞的數(shù)。根據(jù)上文new為形容詞修飾名詞,可知應(yīng)填名詞,且當(dāng)experience作“經(jīng)歷”理解時(shí)是可數(shù)名詞,前面沒(méi)有冠詞故此處用復(fù)數(shù)。故填experiences。

4考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)上文in the past few years可知應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),且本題句子主語(yǔ)是單數(shù),助動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用has。故填has been

5考查形容詞。修飾后文名詞countries應(yīng)用形容詞developing,表示“發(fā)展中國(guó)家”。故填developing。

6考查定語(yǔ)從句。此處為定語(yǔ)從句修飾先行詞reasons,且先行詞在從句中做原因狀語(yǔ),故用關(guān)系副詞why。故填why。

7考查副詞。修飾后文動(dòng)詞want應(yīng)用副詞simply,表示“簡(jiǎn)單地”。故填simply。

8考查介詞。根據(jù)短語(yǔ)regard as表示“把……認(rèn)作;視為……”。故填as。

9考查it的用法。本句中itthink的形式賓語(yǔ),后文動(dòng)詞不定式為真正賓語(yǔ)。故填it。

10考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)短語(yǔ)get involved in表示“涉及……”。故填involved。

it作形式賓語(yǔ)的用法。

當(dāng)不定式(短語(yǔ))、動(dòng)名詞(短語(yǔ))或從句在某個(gè)句子中作賓語(yǔ)時(shí),為保持句子結(jié)構(gòu)平衡,避免句式結(jié)構(gòu)的混亂,常用it作形式賓語(yǔ),而將真正的賓語(yǔ)放在句尾。此時(shí)it仍只起先行引導(dǎo)作用,本身無(wú)詞義。其基本結(jié)構(gòu)為“動(dòng)詞+it+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)+不定式(動(dòng)名詞或從句)”。

當(dāng)不定式(短語(yǔ))、動(dòng)名詞(短語(yǔ))或從句在復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)中作某些動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)時(shí)(如think, make, find, consider, feel, suppose等);

基本句式結(jié)構(gòu)——

一、動(dòng)詞+ it + that-從句。如:

1sb find/ believe/ think/ feel/ consider/ make + it +名詞+to do/that從句,如:I take it (that) he will come on time. 我認(rèn)為他會(huì)準(zhǔn)時(shí)來(lái)的。

He makes it a rule never to borrow money.他立志決不向別人借錢(qián)。

I think it no need talking about it with them.我認(rèn)為沒(méi)必要跟他們談。

2sb find/think/make + it + adj. + to do sth/that 從句(賓語(yǔ)從句)如:I don’t feel it difficult to understand the Special English.(我覺(jué)得理解英語(yǔ)特別節(jié)目并不難。)

I find it interesting to learn English.

二、動(dòng)詞 + prep + it + that-從句。如:

I can’t answer for it that he will come. 我不能保證他會(huì)來(lái)。

You may rely on it that he’ll come to meet you. 你放心,他會(huì)來(lái)接你的。

You may depend on it that we shall always help you.盡管放心,我們會(huì)隨時(shí)幫你的。

說(shuō)明:能用于此結(jié)構(gòu)的動(dòng)詞不多,常見(jiàn)的有see to, look to, insist on, stick to, depend on, answer for 等。

注意: that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句不能直接作介詞的賓語(yǔ)

三、動(dòng)詞 + it + 介詞短語(yǔ)+ that-從句。如:

We owe it to you that there wasn’t a serious accident.多虧了你才沒(méi)有發(fā)生嚴(yán)重事故。

I took it for granted that he would help us. 我認(rèn)為他會(huì)幫助我們的。

注意:由及物動(dòng)詞與介詞組成的固定搭配中,賓語(yǔ)從句若作該動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)時(shí),須借用it。常見(jiàn)的有take it for granted, bring it to sb’s attention, owe it to sb 等。

四、動(dòng)詞 + it + when /if/that-從句。如:

(1)sbhate / dislike / love / likeitwhen從句

I hate it when my mother asks me to eat eggs.我討厭母親要我吃雞蛋。

I dislike it when you whistle. 我不愛(ài)聽(tīng)你吹口哨。

(2)sbappreciate/preferitif-從句

I really appreciate it if you could help me with my math.

I’d prefer it if I didn’t have to do so much work. 要是我不必做那么多工作,好就太好了。

如第九小題,本句中itthink的形式賓語(yǔ),后文動(dòng)詞不定式為真正賓語(yǔ)。故填it。

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