2．American high school students are terrible writers，and one education reform group thinks it  has an answer：robots．Or，more accurately，robot-readers-computers programmed to scan  student essays andspit out a grade．
      Mark Shermis，professor of the College of Education at the University of Akron，is helping  to hold a contest，set up by the William and Flora Hewlett Foundation （ WFHF），that promises  $ IOO，OOO in prize money to programmers who write the best automated grading software．"If  you're a high school teacher and you give a writing task，you're walking home with 150 essays，"Shermis  said．"You're going to need some help．"
      Automated essay grading was first proposed in the 1960s，but computers back then were  not up to the task．In the late 1990s，as technology improved，several textbook and testing  companies jumped into the field．Today，computers are used to grade essays on South Dakota's  student writing assessments and a handful of other exams，including the TOEFL test of English fluency，taken by foreign students．
     The Hewlett contest aims to show that computers can grade as well as English teachers-only much more quickly and without all that depressing red ink．Automated essay scoring is"objective，"Shermis said．"And it can be done immediately．If students finish an essay at l0 pm，they get a result at  10：0l pm．"
     Take，for instance，the  Intelligent  Essay  Assessor，a  web-based  tool  marketed  by  Pearson Education，Inc．Within seconds it can analyze an essay for spelling，grammar，organization，and help students to make revisions．The program scans for key words and analyzes semantic  （語(yǔ)義 的） patterns，and Pearson claims that it can understand the meaning of text much the same as a human reader．

46．The text is written to introduceA．
A．robot-readers B．education reform in America
C．Hewlett contest                         
D．William and Flora Hewlett Foundation
47．What does the underlined phrase"spit out"in Paragraph I probably mean？A
A．Give
B．Organize
C．Analyze
D．Check．
48．From Paragraph 3，we know that in the 1960sD
A．computers were not easy to get
B．a(chǎn)utomated grading software was popular
C．people refused automated essay grading
D．computers couldn't grade essays automatically
49．What does Paragraph 4 focus on？B
A．The prize of Hewlett contest．
B．The advantages of automated essay scoring．
C．The application of automated essay scoring．
D．Teachers'opinions about Hewlett contest．
50．The Intelligent Essay Assessor canC．
A．rewrite essays                          
B．underline the mistakes in red ink
C．understand the meaning of text              
D．correct key words and patterns．

分析 文章主要介紹了 robot-readers 這一項(xiàng)發(fā)明，包括它的起源、應(yīng)用和功能等．

解答 46：答案 A 主旨大意題．文章主要介紹了 robot-readers 這一項(xiàng)發(fā)明，包括它的起源、應(yīng)用和功能等，所以A項(xiàng)正確．其他三項(xiàng)均非文章主要內(nèi)容，故正確答案為A．
47：答案 A 推理判斷題題．劃線詞所在句"Or，more accurately，robot-readers-computers programmed to scan student essays and spit out a grade．"句意為"或者更確切地說(shuō)，robot-readers 是瀏覽學(xué)生作文并 _____ 分?jǐn)?shù)的被程序化的電腦"；由第四段最后一句"If students finish an essay at 10 pm，they get a result at 10：01 pm．"可推知，robot-readers 可以給出分?jǐn)?shù)，因此"spit out"在此意為"給出"，所以A項(xiàng)正確．B項(xiàng)"組織"，C項(xiàng)"分析"，D項(xiàng)"檢查"，均不符合文意，故正確答案為A．
48：答案 D 細(xì)節(jié)理解題．由第三段第一句"Automated essay grading was first proposed in the 1960s，but computers back then were not up to the task．"可知，automated essay grading 在二十世紀(jì)六十年代就被提出了，但是那時(shí)的電腦還不能勝任這項(xiàng)工作．故正確答案為D．
49：答案 B 主旨大意題．第四段大意為：automated essay scoring 可以和英語(yǔ)老師打分一樣好，比英語(yǔ)老師快很多并且沒(méi)有那些令人沮喪的紅色筆跡，automated essay scoring 非�？陀^且迅速．由此可知本段主要講 automated essay scoring 的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，故正確答案為B．
50：答案 C 細(xì)節(jié)理解題．由文章最后一句"…it can understand the meaning of text much the same as a human reader．"可知，the Intelligent Essay Assessor 可以和人類一樣讀懂文章意思，故正確答案為C．

點(diǎn)評(píng) 閱讀理解題主要考查考生對(duì)書面語(yǔ)篇的整體領(lǐng)悟能力和接受及處理具體信息的能力．試題的取材，密切聯(lián)系當(dāng)前我國(guó)和世界經(jīng)濟(jì)、科技等方面的變化，有關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)的來(lái)源真實(shí)可信．因此科普知識(shí)類文章是每年的必考題．分析歷年的科普類文章我們不難發(fā)現(xiàn)以下特點(diǎn)：
1、文章邏輯性強(qiáng)，條理清楚，語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單，用語(yǔ)通俗．
2、文章內(nèi)容注重科技領(lǐng)域的新發(fā)現(xiàn)．內(nèi)容新穎，從而使文章顯得陌生，內(nèi)容抽象復(fù)雜．
3、命題方面注意對(duì)具體細(xì)節(jié)的準(zhǔn)確理解和以之為依據(jù)的推理判斷．
4、以人們的日常行為或飲食健康入手，探討利弊，詮釋過(guò)程，闡述概念．

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