應(yīng)用文寫作

假如你是李華，最近你的英國網(wǎng)友David 給你發(fā)來郵件，談到他想利用假期去做兼職，但是遭到母親的反對。他希望你可以談?wù)劶倨诖蚬さ暮锰�，以幫助他說服母親。請據(jù)此給他回復(fù)一封郵件。

注意： 1、詞數(shù)80左右（開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。）

2、可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。

Dear David,

___________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Li Hua

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科目：高中英語 來源：2015-2016學(xué)年甘肅天水市高一下期中考試英語試卷（解析版） 題型：完形填空

完形填空

閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。

In the 4th century, there was a man called Saint Nicholas in Myra. He was very rich and _________ to help others. He also cared for the_________very much. He often_________ many kinds of gifts, money and other _________things to the houses of the poor. He did this at night _________ so that no one knew, because he wanted no_________ . He just wanted to help others. At that time, there were three poor_________ in his town. Both of their parents died. They could hardly _________ enough money to make a living. Nicholas felt sorry for them and _________to do something to _________them. On Christmas Eve, when everyone was _________, Nicholas walked through the streets to the house where the three sisters lived. Quietly, he _________ onto the roof and dropped three bags of _________ into the chimney. It so happened that the three sisters had _________ their stockings before they went to bed. The stockings had been _________ by the fire to dry. When Nicholas dropped the gold, each bag fell into a stocking. The three sisters were surprised and _________ to find the three bags of gold in their stockings the next morning. Now they didn’t have to worry about their _________ as they could use the gold to get food. Soon, the story began to get around. Other_________ began to hang up stockings on Christmas Eve _________finding bags of gold when they woke up the next morning.

Over the years, Saint Nicholas became associated (有聯(lián)系的) with Christmas. The_________ of hanging stockings up by the chimney on Christmas Eve is known all over the world. And Santa Claus, famous for the red cape (斗篷) and the white beard, became the most popular guest to children on Christmas.

1.A. hated B. refused C. failed D. liked

2.A. old B. sick C. poor D. young

3.A. lent B. brought C. posted D. moved

4.A. expensive B. simple C. beautiful D. useful

5.A. slowly B. secretly C. freely D. fairly

6.A. praise B. money C. surprise D. pay

7.A. sisters B. brothers C. workers D. farmers

8.A. beg B. find C. make D. borrow

9.A. needed B. agreed C. decided D. promised

10.A. save B. help C. raise D. teach

11.A. quiet B. busy C. happy D. asleep

12.A. landed B. climbed C. jumped D. fell

13.A. gold B. food C. toys D. clothes

14.A. changed B. bought C. repaired D. washed

15.A. shown B. thrown C. hung D. stored

16.A. puzzled B. excited C. worried D. sad

17.A. meals B. study C. house D. stockings

18.A. students B. men C. women D. children

19.A. in the hope of B. in need of C. in case of D. in return for

20.A. rule B. habit C. custom D. Manner

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科目：高中英語 來源：2016屆江蘇南京、鹽城高三第二次模擬考試英語試卷（解析版） 題型：閱讀理解

C “Over the years the unthinkable has become thinkable and today we sense we are close to being able to alter human heredity(遺傳)．” These were the words of David Baltimore of the California Institute of Technology，on December 1st，when he opened a three?day meeting in Washington to discuss the morality and use of human gene editing．Dr Baltimore is an old hand at these sorts of discussions，for he was also a participant in the Asilomar conference，in 1975，which brought scientists together to discuss a safe way of using the then?new technology of recombinant DNA，and whose recommendations influenced a generation of biotechnology researchers．

Four decades on，the need for a similar sort of chin?wag has arisen．The International Summit on Human Gene Editing has been held by the national scientific academies of three countries—America，Britain and China．They are particularly concerned about whether gene editing should be used to make heritable changes to the human germ line，something Dr Baltimore described as a deep and troubling question．Like those of Asilomar，the conclusions of this meeting will not be binding．But the hope is that，again like Asilomar，a mixture of common sense and peer pressure will create a world in which scientists are trusted to regulate themselves，rather than having politicians and civil servants do it for them．The meeting is being held against a backdrop of rapid scientific advance．Since 2012 research into a new，easy?to?use editing tool called CRISPR?Cas9 has blossomed．This technique involves a piece of RNA (a chemical messenger，which can be used to recognise a target section of DNA) and an enzyme(酶) called a nuclease that can snip unwanted genes out and paste new ones in．

Public interest was aroused in April，when Chinese scientists announced they had edited genes in non?viable(無活力的) human embryos，and again in November when British researchers said they had successfully treated a one?year?old girl who had leukaemia(白血病)，using gene?edited T?cells．T?cells are part of the immune system that attack，among other things，tumour cells．The researchers altered T?cells from a healthy donor to encourage them to recognise and kill the patient's cancer，to make them immune to her leukaemia drug，and to ensure they did not attack her healthy cells．

In another recent development，a firm called Edit as Medicine，which is based in Cambridge，Massachusetts，has said it hopes，in 2017，to start human clinical trials of CRISPR?Cas9 as a treatment for a rare genetic form of blindness known as Leber congenital amaurosis(伯氏先天性黑蒙)．Though other companies are already testing gene?editing therapies，these employ older，clunkier forms of the technology that seem likely to have less commercial potential．Moreover，researchers at the Broad Institute，also in Cambridge，said this week that they had made changes to CRISPR?Cas9 which greatly reduce the rate of editing errors—one of the main obstacles to the technique's medical use．

On the subject of germ?line editing，Eric Lander，the Broad's head，told the meeting it would be useful only in rare cases and said it might be a good idea to “exercise caution” before making permanent changes to the gene pool．The need for caution is advice that might also be heeded by those pursuing work in animals other than people，and in plants—subjects not being covered by the summit．

1.Which of the following is TRUE about CRISPR?Cas9?

A．It has fewer side effects．

B．It can modify human gene．

C．It can protect immune system．

D．It has less commercial potential．

2.The underlined word “chin?wag” in Paragraph 2 can be replaced by ________．

A．discussion

B．negotiation

C．a(chǎn)rgument

D．comparison

3.What can be inferred from the passage?

A．Dr．Baltimore started his research on modifying gene in 1975．

B．Scientists' opinions about the use of gene editing are consistent．

C．CRISPR?Cas9 has been applied to cure Leber congenital amaurosis．

D．More research should be made before the technology comes into wide use．

4.This passage is most probably a ________．

A．science fiction

B．scientific report

C．conference summary

D．commercial advertisement

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科目：高中英語 來源：2016屆江蘇南京、鹽城高三第二次模擬考試英語試卷（解析版） 題型：單項(xiàng)填空

________ an increase in foreign legal conflicts，China is expected to see the number continue to rise．

A．To witness B．Being witnessed

C．Witnessed D．Having witnessed

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科目：高中英語 來源：2015-2016學(xué)年浙江臺州書生中學(xué)高一下期中考試英語試卷（解析版） 題型：閱讀理解

Earlier this month, blogger Lisa Henderson announced that she and her husband John had decided not to have Christmas. The family, who lives in Utah, will still put up decorations, but presents from Santa are a no-go this year.

“John and I feel like we are fighting a very hard uphill battle with our kids when it comes to their rights,” Henderson wrote on her blog. “It is one of the biggest struggles as a parent these days in middle class America. Our kids have been acting so ungrateful lately. ... John said, “We shouldn’t just celebrate Christmas. And, so that’s what we did.”

Instead, the Hendersons are putting the money they would have spent on gifts toward service projects in order to teach their three sons the “pleasure of giving.” The children will still receive gifts from grandparents and other family members, but this year, she said, their letters to Santa will be asking him to find someone who needs presents more than they do.

In an interview with ABC News, 11-year-old Caleb Henderson admitted that he and his brothers had been behaving badly. “We would hit each other. We were fighting and crying,” he admitted, and Lisa said that when she broke the news to her sons, they cried pretty hard.

But so far, Henderson told Fox News last week, the family is having a sudden turning this into a different kind of gift. They have already held a clothing drive and sent boxes of clothes and candy to a village in the Philippines that was hit hard last year by Typhoon Haiyan.

“The children were excited and kept wanting to give more and more,” she reported on her blog.

Many readers responded positively to Henderson’s post. Some sharing their own stories of limiting Christmas in order to teach their children to be charitable(仁慈的) or grateful. “As parents you’re giving your kids something so much more special than a bunch of gifts on Christmas,” one wrote.

But Henderson received negative follow-ups as well on her blog. Responding to critics, she updated her blog with a statement that reads, in part:

I just wanted to explain a couple of things. First, my kids are in no way hurt for things.... They have reacted by making gifts for each other and packing them into each other’s stockings stealthily(偷偷地). They are learning exactly what we wanted them to learn, because they are not moving around feeling sorry for themselves. They are thinking of others.

The second thing I wanted to explain is why I wrote this post. Some people seem to think I wrote this for attention. Ummm, the attention you get from posts like this is not good and actually extremely difficult to deal with.... The reason I wrote this post is I want to empower parents to feel like it’s okay to take a stand. ... I wanted to share what we are doing, so any parents that feel they are struggling with the same issues in their home can see what others are doing and get ideas for their family. My intention is to help support other parents and to raise amazing kids.

1.The Hendersons decided not to spend Christmas because_______.

A. they wanted to make their kids understand the pleasure of giving

B. their kids could receive presents from their other family members

C. the struggling couple tried to save some money to buy kids gifts

D. the whole family would go to the disaster areas in the Philippines

2.The underlined sentence in Paragraph 4 can be replaced by_______.

A. when Lisa told the kids they didn’t spend Christmas, they felt extremely sad

B.all the kids let out an excited cry when Santa sent them Christmas presents

C. the moment Lisa said the Philippines was hit by typhoon, they burst into tears

D. when their grandparents didn’t send them gifts, the kids couldn’t help crying .

3.From the last two paragraphs we can conclude that_______.

A. the writer wants to share his experiences of raising amazing kids

B. educating kids needs regular communication and great patience

C. the writer strongly called on people to care for the unfortunate

D. parents should praise children for their kindness to other people

4.Which of the following can be the best title?

A. Why These Parents Decided Not To Celebrate Christmas.

B. How Americans usually Spend A Traditional Christmas.

C. A Hard Battle between Kids And Parents At Christmas.

D. What American People Do To Have A Nice Christmas.

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科目：高中英語 來源：2015-2016學(xué)年浙江臺州書生中學(xué)高二下期中考試英語試卷（解析版） 題型：閱讀理解

Our risk of cancer rises as we age. So it makes sense that the elderly should be routinely screened for new tumors(腫瘤)—or doesn't it?

While such careful tracking of cancer is a good thing in general, researchers are increasingly questioning whether all of this testing is necessary for the elderly. With the percentage of people over age 65 expected to nearly double by 2050, it's important to consider the health benefits of screening and the costs of routine testing.

In many cases, screening can lead to additional operations to remove cancer, which can cause side effects, while the cancers themselves may be slow-growing and may not cause serious health problems in patients' remaining years. But the message that everyone must screen for cancer has become so ingrained that when health care experts recommended that women under 50 and over 74 stop screening for breast cancer, it caused a strong reaction among doctors, patients and advocacy(擁護(hù)) groups.

It's hard to uproot deeply held beliefs about cancer screening with scientific data. Certainly, there are people over age 75 who have had cancers detected by routine screening, and gained several extra years of life because of treatment. And clearly, people over age 75 who have other risk factors for cancer, such as a family history, should continue to get screened regularly. But for the remainder, the risk of cancer, while increased at the end of life, must be balanced with other factors like a remaining life expectancy.

A recent study suggests that doctors start to make more right decisions about who will truly benefit from screening—especially considering the explosion of the elderly.

It's not an easy guess to make, but one that makes sense for the whole patient. Dr. Otis Brawley said, "Many doctors are ordering these tests purely to protect themselves against medical disputes(糾紛). We need to think about the good use of health care and stop talking about the rationing(定量配給制) of health care."

That means making some difficult decisions with elderly patients and going against the misguided belief that when it comes to health care, more is always better.

1. Some researchers now think that routine cancer screening for the elderly .

A. adds too much to their medical bills

B. helps contribute to a long life

C. can prevent tumor growth

D. is not always necessary

2.The underlined word "ingrained" in Paragraph 3 most probably means " ".

A. important B. reliable C. precious D. deep-rooted

3.According to Dr. Otis Brawley, why do many doctors recommend routine screening for cancer?

A. Because they want to get more money from the health care system.

B. Because they want to perform their normal duties actively.

C. Because they want to avoid possible trouble.

D. Because they want their patients to suffer less.

4. What does the author mainly argue for?

A. Screening tests must be effective and dependable.

B. Old people should be careful about routine cancer screening.

C. Screening increases the chances of detecting certain cancers earlier.

D. Whether old people should go for cancer screening should follow rules.

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科目：高中英語 來源：2015-2016學(xué)年內(nèi)蒙古包頭市高二下期中考試英語試卷（解析版） 題型：閱讀理解

Some people think that as more and more people have televisions in their homes, fewer and fewer people will buy books and newspapers. Why read an article in the newspaper, when the TV news can bring you the information in a few minutes and with pictures? Why read the life story of a famous man, when a short television program can tell you all that you want to know?

Television has not killed reading, however. Today, newspapers sell in very large numbers. And books of every kind are sold more than ever before. Books are still a cheap way to get information and enjoyment. Although some books with hard covers are expensive, many books are printed today as paperbacks (平裝本), which are quite cheap. A paperback collection of short stories, for example, is always cheaper than an evening at the cinema or the theater, and you can keep a book for ever and read it many times.

Books are a wonderful provider of knowledge and pleasure and some types of books should be in every home. Every home should have a good dictionary. A good encyclopedia, though expensive, is useful, too, because you can find information on any subject. Besides, you can have such books as history books, science textbooks, cookbooks, and collections of stories and poems. Then from time to time you can take a book of poems off your shelves and read the thoughts and feelings of your favorite poets.

1. It can be inferred from the passage that ________.

A. TV programs are a chief provider of knowledge

B. cinemas are the best choice in getting information

C. reading is a cheap way of learning and having fun

D. newspapers are an expensive way to enjoy oneself

2.What does the sentences “Television has not killed reading, however” underlined in the second paragraph suggest?

A. People only need reading, though.

B. Reading is still necessary today.

C. Reading is more fun than television.

D.Watching television doesn’t help reading.

3.Which of the following is mainly discussed in the last paragraph?

A. Types of books

B. Kinds of dictionaries.

C. Lists of history books.

D. Collections of stories and poems.

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科目：高中英語 來源：2015-2016學(xué)年河南商丘第一高級中學(xué)高二下期中考試英語卷（解析版） 題型：七選五

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng),選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

The Importance of Accessibility Awareness

At a recent Teen Leadership of Jewish Family Services meeting, people with disabilities talked about their lives. 1. However, what amazed me most was the great importance of education about handicap accommodations (殘疾人便利設(shè)施).

One school-teacher who is blind, and a woman who has used a wheelchair all her life are two important members of the National Group for Disabled Persons, devoted to raising awareness about disabilities. 2. These include handicap parking spots, handrails, and wheelchair ramps. One big concern is the people who take advantage of aids, such as handicap parking spaces. 3. And the meeting focused on educating the public.

Some handicap spots have extra room next to them, marked with the “No Parking” signs. “As long as I'm not in the spot, I can take the no-parking area next to it,” some people say. However, the woman who uses a wheelchair disagrees to this. The space exists to allow someone in a wheelchair to have room to get in or out of their car. 4.

Some walkways have handrails next to them to help those who require extra assistance. Whether it is a blind person seeking guidance or an elderly person seeking support, the rail is there for walking. Sometimes the rail is blocked, by a parked bicycle for instance, and consequently made useless. 5. People who are informed of the rail’s use would be less likely to mistake it for a bike rack.

Meeting some of the people who are affected by the lack of education about accommodations made me see that there is work to be done. If more people were educated about the proper uses of accommodations, there would be fewer challenges for people with physical disabilities.

A. Accommodations will vary according to the needs of the disabled.

B. As with the parking spot, this is more likely a case of lack of education.

C. They educate about all the accommodations for people with disabilities.

D. Improvement must be made so that disabled people can fully participate.

E. If there is a car in that space, the handicap parking spot is no longer useful.

F. So people without disabilities need to be educated about these accommodations.

G. I was amazed to hear about the challenges faced by people with physical disabilities.

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科目：高中英語 來源：2016年全國普通高等學(xué)校招生統(tǒng)一考試英語（江蘇卷參考版） 題型：單項(xiàng)填空

He did not easily, but was willing to accept any constructive advice for a worthy cause.

A. approach B. wrestle

C. compromise D. communicate

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