19.假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文,請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文.文中共有10處語言錯誤,每句中最多有兩處.錯誤涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改.
增加:在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(^).并在其下面寫出該加的詞.
刪除:把多余的詞用斜線(/)劃掉.
修改:在錯的詞下劃一橫線,并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞.
注意:1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞;
  2.只允許修改10處,多者(從第11處起)不記分.
There are different train ticket for people to choose from when traveled by train.They may want to buy a single ticket and a return ticket.A single ticket allows us to enjoy more freedom at their destinations while a return not only is cheaper but also saves them trouble of buying the ticket when they have decided to return.Some people prefer hard seats to soft ones.Young people would like to have hard seats because enjoying the company of other passengers is exactly when they need during a journey.Businessmen would not like to have soft seats.They wanted to have a good rest.When they get on the train,they are still energetic and can rapid go on to do their jobs.

分析 本文首先介紹了可供人們購買的兩種火車票的類型(單程票與往返票)以及它們的特點;其次介紹了年輕人選擇硬座,商人喜歡軟座的原因等.

解答 There are different train ticket for people to choose from 
when traveled by train.They may want to buy a single ticket
 and a return ticket.A single ticket allows us to enjoy more 
freedom at their destinations while a return not only is cheaper 
but also saves them∧trouble of buying the ticket when they have 
decided to return.Some people prefer hard seats to soft ones.
Young people would like to have hard seats because enjoying
 the company of other passengers is exactly when they need 
during a journey.Businessmen would not like to have soft seats.
They wanted to have a good rest.When they get on the train,
they are still energetic and can rapid go on to do their jobs.

詳解:
1.ticket改為tickets   考查名詞的單復數(shù)    此處指的是:各種不同的火車票,應使用名詞的復數(shù)形式;故用tickets. 
2.traveled改為traveling/travelling    考查現(xiàn)在分詞   此處在句中作時間狀語,由于動詞travel與其邏輯主語people構成主謂關系;故用traveling/travelling.    
3.a(chǎn)nd改為or   考查句意理解以及連詞   本句的意思是:他們可能想買一張單程票或者是往返票;此處表示選擇;故用or.
4.us改為them   考查人稱代詞的一致性     結合上文可知,這里代指的是那些購買火車票的人們;此處用在動詞allows之后作賓語,應使用they的賓格形式;故用them.
5.在trouble之前加the    考查定冠詞    此處用在名詞trouble之前,表示特指:由購買返程票的引起麻煩;故用定冠詞the.
6.將exactly之后的when改為what    考查句意理解以及連接代詞    此處用來引導表語從句,由于該從句中缺少賓語,意為:…的;故用what.
7.去掉would 之后的not    考查上下文句意理解    根據(jù)下文提到:商人們想好好休息,可知他們愿意坐軟座;故去掉would 之后的not.    
8.wanted改為want    考查時態(tài)    根據(jù)上下文都使用了一般現(xiàn)在時可知,此處描述的是商人們通常的習慣;故用want.
 9.on改為off    考查句意理解以及固定短語     本句的意思是:當他們下了火車以后,他們?nèi)匀粫Τ渑,并且能夠繼續(xù)從事他們的工作;get on"上車",get off"下車",故用off.
10.rapid改為rapidly   考查副詞   此處用在情態(tài)動詞can之后,修飾動詞短語 go on,所以應使用副詞形式;故用rapidly.

點評 短文改錯是集語法知識與語言技能為一體的綜合性試題,主要考查學生對詞匯、語法和語篇三要素的把握能力.錯誤類型一般有:缺詞、多詞和錯詞.常見的錯誤有:1 詞法錯誤,主要包括動詞、名詞、冠詞、形容詞、副詞、代詞和介詞等詞類誤用、同義詞混淆使用、固定搭配等方面.解答此類試題時,需要正確分析句子成分,熟練掌握各詞類的用法以及掌握一些固定搭配等.2 常見句法錯誤.通常表現(xiàn)為簡單句、復合句以及疑問句、祈使句、感嘆句和強調(diào)句等錯誤.解答此類試題時,需要掌握各類句子的句式結構及意義用法.3 應在理解文章大意的前提下,進行作答.

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