Question

3．Mathilda，15，is Turkana，a native people that has survived by raising cattle in a semiarid （半干旱） region．Mathilda's school，like most schools in the area，doesn't have access to clean water and sanitation facilities for its students．So instead of spending their whole school day learning，Mathilda and her classmates start their day by spending two hours to the closest river fetching water---water that is anyway most likely not safe to drink．They do the same thing again in the afternoon，so they often lose around half of their school day fetching water．
Mathilda has to do the same thing outside of school hours to get the water her family needs at home，leaving her little time for studying．Because of rising temperatures，water has become harder and harder to find here，and people have to spend more and more time trying to find it．
This is just one small example of how climate change is making it harder to realize people's rights to water，education and security．Unfortunately，most higher-income countries remained silent on the issue．
This is despite studies showing that communities already facing marginalization（邊緣化），such as women and children，mostly suffer from climate change．This is especially the case for those in countries with limited resources and fragile ecosystems．
Meanwhile，women consist of the majority of the world's poor，and so are more dependent for their livelihood on natural resources that are threatened by climate change．And around the world，women and girls are the most likely to be responsible for fetching water for their families．
This exposes them to danger and leaves them with less time to attend school，earn money，or simply to rest．But the fact is that the effects of climate change will be felt globally．
Despite the difficulties she is facing，trying to get an education，Mathilda says she hopes to serve her community in a leadership role when she grows up．
"All of the world's leaders need to work together to solve this problem that we are all facing，"she said．
24．Mathilda has to spendCfetching water every school day．
A．two hours  
B．four hours   
C．more than four hours    
D．a(chǎn)lmost a whole day
25．The first two paragraphs are intended to tell usB．
A．the cause and effect of lack of water  
B．one serious consequence of climate change
C．the difficulties in fetching water in the semiarid region
D．the hardship of life for the people in the semiarid region
26．We can conclude from the passage thatA．
A．climate change is everyone's business
B．water is becoming rare because of rising temperatures
C．fetching water takes up Mathilda's half of studying time
D．females are more responsible for fetching water for their families
27．The passage is mainly about the problem caused byC．
A．rising temperatures       
B．fetching water   
C．climate change   
D．water shortage．

Answer 1

分析 本文講的是Mathilda和她的同學(xué)每天花將近四小時(shí)到最近的河流取水，他們常常失去他們?cè)趯W(xué)校的一半時(shí)間．從這件小事上反映關(guān)于氣候變化如何使人們更難實(shí)現(xiàn)水、教育和安全的權(quán)利的問(wèn)題．

解答 24．C．細(xì)節(jié)理解題．根據(jù)文中"Mathilda and her classmates start their day by spending two hours to the closest river fetching water-"以及"They do the same thing again in the afternoon，"知，Mathilda明天挑水兩次，一次兩個(gè)多小時(shí)．故選C．
25．B．細(xì)節(jié)理解題．仔細(xì)閱讀全文，易知前兩段講的是氣候變化造成的例子．故選B．
26．A．細(xì)節(jié)理解題．此題可以使用排除法．水變得越來(lái)越少，因?yàn)闇囟壬仙�，文中并無(wú)依據(jù)，故B錯(cuò)；根據(jù)文中"they often lose around half of their school day fetching water．"時(shí)占用了將近一半的在校時(shí)間，而非學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)間，故C錯(cuò)；而根據(jù)文中"women and girls are the most likely to be responsible for fetching water for their families．"是說(shuō)有很大可能而不是肯定的說(shuō)法，故D錯(cuò)．故選A．
27．C．推理判斷題．根據(jù)文中"This is just one small example of how climate change"易知是氣候變化在造成的．故選C．

點(diǎn)評(píng) 本文是新聞報(bào)道類閱讀理解文章，閱讀此類文章主要是要了解：
①新聞報(bào)道了什么事件；②事件是因?yàn)槭裁炊�發(fā)生的，相關(guān)背景如何；③文段中指出的事件發(fā)生過(guò)程中的突出細(xì)節(jié)是 什么；④事件造成的后果是什么；⑤事件的本質(zhì)是什么，透過(guò)事件的表面現(xiàn)象，我們看到了什么社會(huì)問(wèn)題．通過(guò)這樣的梳理，我們就可以把新聞的脈絡(luò)理清楚．這類材料命題點(diǎn)往往落在事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)上