In the earliest stages of man’s development he had no more need of money than animals have. He was content with very simple forms of shelter, made his own rough tools and weapons and could provide food and clothing for himself and his family from natural materials around him. As he became more civilized, however, he began to want better shelter, more efficient tools and weapons, and more comfortable and more lasting clothing than could be provided by his own neighborhood or by the work of his own unskilled hands. For these things he had to turn to the skilled people such as smiths, leather workers or carpenters. It was then that the question of payment arose.
At first he got what he wanted by a simple process of exchange. The smith who had not the time to look after land or cattle was glad to take meat or grain from the farmer in exchange for an axe or a plough (犁). But as more and more goods which had no fixed exchange value came on the market, exchange became too complicated to be satisfactory. Another problem arose when those who made things wanted to get stocks of wood or leather, or iron, but had nothing to offer in exchange until their finished goods were ready.
Thus the difficulties of exchange led by degree to the invention of money. In some countries easily handled things like seeds or shells were given a certain value and farmer, instead of paying the smith for a new axe by giving him some meat or grain, gave him so many shells. If the smith had any shells left when he had bought his food, he could get stocks of the raw materials of his trade. In some countries quite large things such as cows or camels or even big flat stones were used for trade. Later, pieces of metal, bearing values according to the rarity (稀有) of the metal and the size of the pieces, or coins were used. Money as we know it had arrived.
What does the first paragraph mainly tell us?
A. Man needed little in the earliest stages of development.
B. Man preferred to make tools by himself.
C. How the simple process of exchange arose.
D. What the early man needed from others.
As men became more civilized they __________.
A. all learnt to make by themselves the things needed
B. had to travel a lot to look for what they wanted
C. wanted better things than those they themselves could provide
D. no longer provided food and clothing for themselves
Exchange of goods became difficult because __________.
A. man became more civilized
B. there was not a marketplace for farmers and smiths to exchange their goods
C. farmers hadn’t enough grain or meat to provide for skilled workers
D. more and more goods which had no fixed exchange values appeared on the market.
Money was not used until __________.
A. paper was invented
B. nothing could be offered in exchange
C. people practiced a simple process of exchange
D. the exchange of one thing for another became too complicated
What was used for trade according to the text?
A. Shells B. Tea C. Salt D. Horses
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科目:高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源:2012-2013學(xué)年海南省瓊海市嘉積中學(xué)高二下期第一次月考英語(yǔ)試卷(帶解析) 題型:閱讀理解
D
Parties, iPods, concerts, movies, TV shows, video games, traffic. All of these things of the modern world make life entertaining and enjoyable. But our 21st-century lifestyle is also loud and, if we don’t take notice, it can have an effect on our hearing.
Most teenagers don’t think about hearing loss. But if you experience any of the following symptoms(癥狀), you may already be hearing damaged: you make efforts to hear normal talk, you have to turn up the TV or radio so high that others complain, you watch other people’s expressions to understand what they are saying, you ask people to repeat themselves, you misunderstand what people are saying or you hear ringing in your ears.
iPods and other MP3 players are as common as the clothes you wear, and just as fashionable. But if you turn up an iPod to more than 60 percent of its maximum volume(最大音量), and listen to music for more than an hour, you are asking for trouble. And, it does not matter if the music you play is classical, rock or heavy metal.
Some researchers find that young people who break the so-called 60-percent/60-minute rule in listening to iPods are at the risk of suffering hearing loss.
Why is an iPod dangerous? With ear buds placed directly in the ear canal and high-volume music played over a long period of time, it’s like working in a loud factory all day, being a maintenance(修理)person under a jet airplane or using a jackhammer(手提鉆)on a building site.
Similarly, iPod music can cause a short time or permanent(永久的)hearing damage. A loud iPod can cause a ruptured(破裂的)eardrum and, over time, may cause permanent damage to the tiny hairs in the inner ear. If these tiny hairs are damaged, they cannot effectively send sounds to the auditory nerves(聽覺神經(jīng))that connect to the brain. If this happens, hearing loss becomes permanent.
【小題1】Which of the following shows that you are suffering hearing loss?
A.You are interested to listen to others’ talking. |
B.You have to read others’ expressions to understand them. |
C.You can only understand others over the phone. |
D.You always think you hear the ringing of the phone. |
A.Listen at least an hour every time. |
B.Turn up the volume to the highest level. |
C.keep the sound lower than 60% of its highest volume. |
D.Choose classical, rock or heavy metal music. |
A.d-a-c-b-e | B.e-c-a-b-d | C.b-c-a-d-e | D.d-e-a-c-b |
A.music that teenagers like | B.hearing problems caused by the loud world |
C.ways that teenagers enjoy music | D.dangerous modern lifestyles of teenagers. |
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科目:高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源:2013-2014學(xué)年福建永春一中培元中學(xué)季延中學(xué)石獅聯(lián)中高三上第二次聯(lián)考英語(yǔ)卷(解析版) 題型:完型填空
What is it that you love to do but never feel that you get it quite right? Perhaps you don't even try any more because you think what you do is not ? ? ? enough.
Discouragement seems to follow us a good part of the time, ? ? ? however hard we work, it seems that there is ? ? ? someone else who can do it much better.
I have always enjoyed music and it is? ? ? ? to me that every musician has a ? ? ? of their own.My father _ ? ? several instruments and when he played with other people, it was not difficult to ? ? ? his sound in a group.Whether it was guitar or another instrument, he had his own ? ? ? sound.
I ? ? ? heard of a music teacher who commented to a discouraged student, " ? ? ? else can make the sound that you make." The sound that you make may not be the same as someone else's, but who is to say which is ? ? .It is said that, " ? ? ? is in the eye of the beholder .” . Perhaps it could be said that a delightful sound is in the ear of the ? ? ? .
Every person has a different tone of voice that ? ? ? only to them, ? ? ? we all know people with an unforgettable laugh or a way of ? ? ? that is unique to them.It might not be the sound of your music or your voice at all.It ? ? ? be the way you whistle or the sound of your footsteps.
Each person has a(an) ? ? ? on the world in some way.Someone else can do what you do, but they cannot do it ? ? ? in the same way that you do it.The next time you feel ? ? ? , remember nobody else can make the sound that you make.
1.A.easy ????????????? B.good ????????????? C.simple ????????????? D.hard
2.A.because ????????????? B.although ????????????? C.when ????????????? D.if
3.A.seldom ????????????? B.always ????????????? C.never ????????????? D.sometimes
4.A.satisfying ????????????? B.convincing ????????????? C.inspiring ????????????? D.interesting
5.A.gift ????????????? B.sound ????????????? C.life ????????????? D.song
6.A.played ????????????? B.designed ????????????? C.created ????????????? D.checked
7.A.turn down ????????????? B.call up ????????????? C.pick out ????????????? D.give off
8.A.loud ????????????? B.powerful ????????????? C.perfect ????????????? D.special
9.A.once ????????????? B.yet ????????????? C.even ????????????? D.still
10.A.Anybody ????????????? B.Somebody ????????????? C.Nobody ????????????? D.Everybody
11.A.bigger ????????????? B.better ????????????? C.deeper ????????????? D.lower
12.A.Beauty ????????????? B.Interest ????????????? C.Patience ????????????? D.Honesty
13.A.speaker ????????????? B.receiver ????????????? C.listener ????????????? D.looker
14.A.devotes ????????????? B.adds ????????????? C.adapts ????????????? D.belongs
15.A.but ????????????? B.yet ????????????? C.and? ????????????? D.for
16.A.running ????????????? B.walking ????????????? C.jumping ????????????? D.speaking
17.A.must ????????????? B.might ????????????? C.would ????????????? D.should
18.A.choice ????????????? B.opinion ????????????? C.duty ????????????? D.effect
19.A.exactly ????????????? B.carefully ????????????? C.cautiously ????????????? D.seriously
20.A.annoyed ????????????? B.puzzled????????????? C.discouraged????????????? D.bothered
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科目:高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源:2014屆江西南昌三中高三8月第一次月考英語(yǔ)卷(解析版) 題型:其他題
[1]Some people's ears produce wax like busy little bees. This can be a problem even though earwax appears to serve an important purpose. Experts say it protects and cleans the ear. It traps dirt and other matter and keeps insects out. Doctors think it might also help protect against infections. And the waxy oil keeps ears from getting too dry.
[2]So earwax is good. It even has a medical name: cerumen. And there are two kinds. Most people of European or African ancestry have the "wet" kind: thick and sticky. East Asians commonly have ___________.But you can have too much of a good thing.
[3]The glands(腺體) in the ear canal that produce the wax make too much in some people. Earwax normally falls out of the ear or gets washed away. But extra wax can harden and form a blockage that interferes with sound waves and reduces hearing. People can also cause a blockage when they try to clean out their ears,but only push the wax deeper inside. Earwax removal is sometimes necessary. But you have to use a safe method or you could do a lot of damage.
[4]Experts at N.I.H., the National Institutes of Health, suggest some ways to treat excessive earwax yourself. One way to remove wax is known as irrigation. With the head upright, take hold of the outer part of the ear. Gently pull upward to straighten the ear canal. Use an injector device to gently direct water against the wall of the ear canal. Then turn the head to the side to let the water out.
[5]The experts at N.I.H. say you may have to repeat this process a few times. Use water that is body temperature. If the water is cooler or warmer, it could make you feel dizzy. Never try irrigation if the eardrum is broken. It could lead to infection and other problems.
[6]After the earwax is gone, gently dry the ear. But if irrigation fails, the best thing to do is to go to a
health care provider for professional assistance.
1.What’s the purpose of the passage? (No more than 10 words)
___________________________________________________________________.
2.What’s the bad effect of too much earwax on our hearing? (No more than 15 words)
____________________________________________________________________.
3.Fill in the blank in Paragraph 2 with proper words. (No more than 3 words)
____________________________________________________________________.
4.What does the underlined word “this process” (Line 1, Paragraph 5) probably refer to?
(No more than 2 words)
____________________________________________________________________.
5.Will you use freezing water when trying to remove earwax? Why or why not?
(No more than 10 words)
____________________________________________________________________.
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科目:高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源:2012-2013學(xué)年江蘇鹽城中學(xué)高三第一次模擬考試英語(yǔ)卷(解析版) 題型:完型填空
What is it that you love to do but never feel that you get it quite right? Perhaps you don't even try any more because you think what you do is not 36 enough.
Discouragement seems to follow us a good part of the time, 37 whatever it is that we work so hard doing, it seems that there is 38 someone else who can do it much better.
I have always enjoyed music and it is 39 to me that every musician has a 40 of their own. My father__41 several instruments and when he played with others, it was not difficult to ___42 his sound in a group. Whether it was guitar or another instrument, he had his own 43 sound.
I 44 read of a music teacher who commented to a discouraged student, “ 45 else can make the sound that you make. The sound that you make may not be the same as someone else's but who is to say which is 46 . ” It is said that, “ 47 is in the eye of the beholder(觀看者), ” perhaps it could be said that “a delightful sound is in the ear of the 48 . ”
Every person has a different tone of voice that 49 only to them, 50 we all know people with an unforgettable laugh or a way of 51 that is unique to them. It might not be the sound of your music or your voice at all. It 52 be the way you whistle or the sound of your footsteps.
Each person has a(an) 53 on the world in some way. Someone else can do what you do, but they cannot do it 54 the same way that you do it. The next time you feel 55 , remember “Nobody else can make the sound that you make. ”
1.A. easy B. hard C. simple D. good
2.A. when B. although C. because D. if
3.A. seldom B. sometimes C. never D. always
4.A. satisfying B. interesting C. inspiring D. convincing
5.A. gift B. song C. life D. sound
6.A. created B. designed C. played D. checked
7.A. pick out B. call up C. turn down D. give off
8.A. special B. powerful C. perfect D. loud
9.A. even B. yet C. once D. still
10.A. Nobody B. Somebody C. Anybody D. Everybody
11.A. bigger B. deeper C. better D. lower
12.A. interest B. beauty C. patience D. honesty
13.A. speaker B. receiver C. looker D. listener
14.A. belongs B. adds C. adapts D. devotes
15.A. but B. yet C. for D. and
16.A. speaking B. walking C. jumping D. running
17.A. must B. would C. might D. could
18.A. effect B. opinion C. duty D. choice
19.A. carefully B. exactly C. cautiously D. seriously
20.A. annoyed B. puzzled C. bothered D. discouraged
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科目:高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源:2012-2013學(xué)年江西南昌10所重點(diǎn)中學(xué)高三第二次模擬突破沖刺(三)英語(yǔ)試卷(解析版) 題型:其他題
閱讀下面短文并回答問題,然后將答案寫到題后的橫線上(請(qǐng)注意題后的詞數(shù)要求)。
[1]Some people's ears produce wax like busy little bees. This can be a problem even though earwax appears to serve an important purpose. Experts say it protects and cleans the ear. It traps dirt and other matter and keeps insects out. Doctors think it might also help protect against infections. And the waxy oil keeps ears from getting too dry.
[2]So earwax is good. It even has a medical name: cerumen. And there are two kinds. Most people of European or African ancestry have the "wet" kind: thick and sticky. East Asians commonly have ___________.But you can have too much of a good thing.
[3]The glands(腺體) in the ear canal that produce the wax make too much in some people. Earwax normally falls out of the ear or gets washed away. But extra wax can harden and form a blockage that interferes with sound waves and reduces hearing. People can also cause a blockage when they try to clean out their ears,but only push the wax deeper inside. Earwax removal is sometimes necessary. But you have to use a safe method or you could do a lot of damage.
[4]Experts at N.I.H., the National Institutes of Health, suggest some ways to treat excessive earwax yourself. One way to remove wax is known as irrigation. With the head upright, take hold of the outer part of the ear. Gently pull upward to straighten the ear canal. Use an injector device to gently direct water against the wall of the ear canal. Then turn the head to the side to let the water out.
[5]The experts at N.I.H. say you may have to repeat this process a few times. Use water that is body temperature. If the water is cooler or warmer, it could make you feel dizzy. Never try irrigation if the eardrum is broken. It could lead to infection and other problems.
[6]After the earwax is gone, gently dry the ear. But if irrigation fails, the best thing to do is to go to a health care provider for professional assistance.
1.What’s the purpose of the passage? (No more than 10 words)
___________________________________________________________________.
2.What’s the bad effect of too much earwax on our hearing? (No more than 15 words)
____________________________________________________________________.
3.Fill in the blank in Paragraph 2 with proper words. (No more than 3 words)
____________________________________________________________________.
4.What does the underlined word “this process” (Line 1, Paragraph 5) probably refer to?
(No more than 2 words)
____________________________________________________________________.
5.Will you use freezing water when trying to remove earwax? Why or why not?
(No more than 10 words)
____________________________________________________________________.
查看答案和解析>>
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