Botany （植物學(xué)） , the study of plants, occupies a particular position in the history of human knowledge．For many thousands of years it was the one field of awareness about which humans had anything more than the vaguest （模糊的）） of insights．It is impossible to know today just what our Stone Age ancestors knew about plants, but from what we can observe of pre-industrial societies that still exist, a detailed learning of plants and their properties must be extremely ancient．This is logical．Plants are the basis of the food pyramid for all living things even for other plants．They have always been enormously important to the welfare of people not only for food but also for clothing, tools, medicines, shelter, and a great many other purposes．Tribes living today in the jungle of the Amazon recognize hundreds of plants and know many properties of each．To them, botany has no name and is probably not even recognized as a special branch of "knowledge" at all．
Unfortunately, the more industrialized we become, the farther away we move from direct contact with plants, and the less distinct our knowledge grows．Yet everyone comes unconsciously on an amazing amount of botanical knowledge, and few people will fail to recognize a rose or an apple．When nor Neolithic ancestors, living in the Middle East about 10,000 years ago, discovered that certain grasses could be harvested and their seeds planted for richer fields the next season—the first, great step in a new association of plants and humans was taken．Grains were discovered and from them flowed the wonder of agriculture: cultivated crops．From then on, humans would increasingly take their living from the controlled production of a few plants, rather than getting a little here and a little there from many varieties that grew wild, and the accumulated knowledge of tens of thousands of years of experience with plants in the wild would begin to fade away．
小題1:What does the writer mean when he says "This is logical" in the first paragraph?
A．Human knowledge of plants is well organized and very detailed．
B．It is not surprising that early humans had a detailed knowledge of plants．
C．There is no clear way to determine the extent of our ancestor's knowledge of plant．
D．It is reasonable to assume our ancestors behave much like people in pre-industrial societies．
小題2:According to the passage, general knowledge of botany begun to fade away because ____．
A．people no longer value plants as a useful resource
B．direct contact with a variety of plants has decreased
C．botany is not recognized as a special branch of science
D．research is unable to keep up with the increasing number of plants
小題3:We learn that the first great step toward the practice of agriculture is____．
A．the changing diets of early humans
B．the development of a system of names for plants
C．the invention of agricultural implements （工具） and machinery
D．the discovery of certain grasses that could be harvested and replanted
小題4:Human would depend on the controlled production of a few plants for living with
A．the knowledge of plants
B．the discovery of certain grasses
C．the development of machinery
D．the appearance of agriculture

小題1:B
小題2:B
小題3:D
小題4:D

試題分析：
小題1:B 細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第一段3,4,5行It is impossible to know today just what our Stone Age ancestors knew about plants, but from what we can observe of pre-industrial societies that still exist, a detailed learning of plants and their properties must be extremely ancient．This is logical．說(shuō)明史前人類可以對(duì)植物有一個(gè)很好的了解、故B正確。
小題2:B 推理題。根據(jù)第二段1,2行Unfortunately, the more industrialized we become, the farther away we move from direct contact with plants, and the less distinct our knowledge grows．說(shuō)明現(xiàn)代人與植物的直接的接觸越來(lái)越少，導(dǎo)致我們這方面的知識(shí)越來(lái)越少。故B正確，
小題3:D 細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段3,4,5行When nor Neolithic ancestors, living in the Middle East about 10,000 years ago, discovered that certain grasses could be harvested and their seeds planted for richer fields the next season—the first, great step in a new association of plants and humans was taken．說(shuō)明人們認(rèn)識(shí)到某些草是可以收獲和重新種植的時(shí)候，人們走出了農(nóng)業(yè)的第一步。故D正確。
小題4:D 細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章最后三行From then on, humans would increasingly take their living from the controlled production of a few plants, rather than getting a little here and a little there from many varieties that grew wild, and the accumulated knowledge of tens of thousands of years of experience with plants in the wild would begin to fade away．說(shuō)明隨著農(nóng)業(yè)的出現(xiàn)，人類依靠著控制著一些植物的生長(zhǎng)來(lái)存活。故D正確。
點(diǎn)評(píng)：文章講述了人類與植物的緊密聯(lián)系，在人類的發(fā)展歷史上，植物是不可缺少的一環(huán)。農(nóng)業(yè)的發(fā)展也正是與認(rèn)為對(duì)植物的進(jìn)一步了解慢慢加深的。
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D．only when Backster placed the galvanometer on the leaves of the plants
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Which animal has the fastest snapping jaw (顎)? If you're guessing a shark or perhaps a larger animal, you'll have to think smaller. The trap­jaw ant, which lives in Central and South America, moves its mouth parts at 35 to 63 meters per second. Another way to think about this is that the ant's jaws close at 125 to 233 kilometers per hour. That's 2, 300 times faster than the blink of an eye.
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People have suspected the ants used their jaws to jump for over a century, but could only prove it with today's modern video equipment.
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B．its springy system
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A．How high the ants can leap by using their jaws.
B．How quickly the trap­jaw ants can move on the ground.
C．How wonderfully the springy system in the trap­jaw ants' jaws works.
D．How quickly the trap­jaw ants can grab food or enemies.
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