Having spent two and a half years in China over several visits, I don’t remember ever going through a phase we in the United States call “cultural shock”. This period of difficulty in adjusting to a new culture would probably have set in during my semester at Peking University. Of course, this is not to say that I didn’t notice any differences between the American and Chinese cultures upon my arrival at Peking University, I did notice the differences. Looking back, I remember one of the first differences I noticed: Chinese universities are surrounded by walls.
To an American, this is one of the most striking aspects of a Chinese university which immediately sets it apart from an American campus. Having grown up in the United States, I had never seen a university surrounded by high, cement(水泥) walls. My idea of a university, based on having seen scores of them in different states of the U.S., was a place of life and learning, an inseparable part of the community in which it was located, open not only to the students of the school itself, but also fully accessible to students from other schools and to the broader public.
My idea of a university was that it was a center of cultural life, a resource for the entire community. In all my twenty-one years, it had never occurred to me that a school would have a wall around it. Walls enclose and separate; schools expand and integrate(合并). The very idea seemed fundamentally incompatible. I asked a Chinese friend if all Chinese universities have walls around them. “You know, I have never really thought about it. I guess so. I guess all Chinese schools have walls around them, not just universities.” “Why?” I asked, “What’s the point?” “I don’t know. To protect us, I suppose.”  “From whom?” “I don’t know. Don’t you have walls around your schools in the United States?” I thought carefully before answering. “No, I’ve never seen or heard of a university encircled by a wall.” My Chinese friend seemed puzzled. Walls around schools came to strike me as more than just an architectural difference between the United States and China. As China continues to open up to the outside world, these walls seem increasingly out of place.
小題1:The author felt strange about Chinese culture when he ___________.
A．studied in Peking University
B．talked with his friends about the walls
C．experienced the “cultural shock” at his arrival
D．spent two and a half years in China over several visits
小題2:In the author’s opinion, a university is a place ___________.
A．where only students can come to study
B．which is similar everywhere in the world
C．that should be surrounded by high cement walls
D．that is an inseparable part of and a resource for the community
小題3:What does the underlined sentence in the last paragraph probably mean?
A．The two ideas are fundamental.
B．The two ideas are basically different.
C．The two ideas about “school” and “wall” are suitable.
D．The two ideas about “school” and “wall” are conflicting.
小題4:What did the author’s friend feel about the walls around universities?
A．He thought it a good idea to have walls encircling schools.
B．He was shocked that American universities are not enclosed.
C．He thought they were necessary to protect students from being hurt.
D．He thought the difference between two countries is only architectural styles.
小題5:We can infer from the passage that the author thinks _____________.
A．walls are really useful in the universities
B．he can never really understand the Chinese culture
C．Chinese universities should work as public scenic spots
D．walls around the universities are inappropriate in an open China

小題1:A
小題2:D
小題3:D
小題4:B
小題5:D

試題分析：文章介紹了中美教育文化中的差異。中國(guó)大學(xué)有圍墻，而美國(guó)的大學(xué)沒(méi)有。文化向外伸展著，而不是將知識(shí)封閉起來(lái)。綠色的草坪將大學(xué)校園和社區(qū)連接了起來(lái)。那是所有渴求知識(shí)的人們的共同家園。這不僅僅是建筑風(fēng)格或是教育方式的不同，而且是一種觀念，一種溝通的愿望�！�
小題1:細(xì)節(jié)題：根據(jù)文章第一段第二句“This period of difficulty in adjusting to a new culture would probably have set in during my semester at Peking University.”適應(yīng)一種新文化的困難時(shí)期按理說(shuō)該是我在北京大學(xué)上學(xué)的那個(gè)學(xué)期。故選A。
小題2:細(xì)節(jié)題：根據(jù)第二段中“an inseparable part of the community in which it was located, open not only to the students of the school itself”也是當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)的一個(gè)組成部分，不僅對(duì)在校學(xué)生是開(kāi)放的。故選D。
小題3:推理題：根據(jù)最后一段中“Walls enclose and separate; schools expand and integrate(合并). The very idea seemed fundamentally incompatible.”圍墻的作用是封閉和隔離，然而，學(xué)校的宗旨則是要擴(kuò)展學(xué)生的知識(shí)，擴(kuò)展學(xué)生對(duì)外面世界的了解，這兩個(gè)概念是根本不相容的，由此可知“wall”和“school”代表的意義是相互矛盾的。故選D。
小題4:細(xì)節(jié)題：根據(jù)最后一段中““No, I’ve never seen or heard of a university encircled by a wall.” My Chinese friend seemed puzzled.”"沒(méi)有，我沒(méi)見(jiàn)過(guò)也沒(méi)聽(tīng)說(shuō)過(guò)美國(guó)的大學(xué)有圍墻"。我的中國(guó)朋友似乎有點(diǎn)兒不解，可知我的中國(guó)同學(xué)對(duì)美國(guó)大學(xué)沒(méi)有圍墻吃驚。故選B。
小題5:推理題：根據(jù)文章最后一句“As China continues to open up to the outside world, these walls seem increasingly out of place.”在中國(guó)對(duì)外開(kāi)放的進(jìn)程中，圍墻似乎顯得越來(lái)越?jīng)]有用，可知在中國(guó)開(kāi)放的態(tài)度中圍墻的存在是不恰當(dāng)?shù)�。故選D。
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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

(2013·高考新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷Ⅱ，C)Given that many people’s moods (情緒)are regulated by the chemical action of chocolate，it was probably only a matter of time before somebody made the chocolate shop similar to a drugstore of Chinese medicine.Looking like a setting from the film Charlie&the Chocolate Factory，Singapore’s Chocolate Research Facility (CRF) has over 100 varieties of chocolates.Its founder is Chris Lee who grew up at his parents’ corner store with one hand almost always in the jar of sweets.
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The CRF’s produce is “green ”，made within the country and divided into 10 lines，with the Alcohol Series being the most popular.The Exotic Series－with Sichuan pepper，red bean (豆)，cheese and other flavors－also does well and is fun to taste.And for chocolate_snobs，who think that they have a better knowledge of chocolate than others，the Connoisseur Series uses cocoa beans from Togo，Cuba，Venezuela，and Ghana，among others.
小題1:What is good about chocolate?
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B．It works as an effective medicine.
C．It helps improve the state of mind.
D．It strengthens business relations.
小題2:Why is Chris Lee able to develop his idea of the CRF?
A．He knows the importance of research.
B．He learns from shops of similar types.
C．He has the support of many big names
D．He has a lot of marketing experience.
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A．The Connoisseur Series.
B．The Exotic Series.
C．The Alcohol Series.
D．The Sichuan Series.
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B．know little about cocoa beans
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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Recently we told you about a finding that more years of school could help students get higherscores on intelligence tests．That was the finding of a study of teenage males in Norway．Now，other research shows that physical activity may help students do better in their classes .
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Amika Singh：“Based on the results of our study，we can conclude that being physically active is beneficial for academic performance. There are，first，Physiological explanations，like more blood flow, and so more oxygen to the brain．Being physically active means there are more hormones(荷爾蒙)produced like endorphins(內(nèi)啡肽)．And endorphins make your stress level lower and  your mood improved, which means you also perform better.”
Also，students involved in organized sports learn rules and how to follow them．This could improve their classroom behavior and help them keep their mind on their work．
The study leaves some questions unanswered，however．Ms．Stash says it is not possible to say whether the amount or kind of activity affected the level of academic improvement．This is because of differences among the studies .
Also．they were mostly observational studies．An observational study is where researchers do not do controlled comparisons．They only describe what they observe．So they might observe a link that students who are more active often have better grades．But that does not necessarily mean being active was the cause of those higher grades．
The researchers said they found only two high - quality studies．They called for more high-
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Still，the general finding was that physically active kids are more likely to do better in school．Ms．Singh says schools should consider that finding before they cut physical education programs．Her paper on “Physical Activity and Performance at School”is published in the Archives of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine．
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A．a(chǎn) research on physical education has been done by the researchers
B．there exists a possibility that physical activity leads to higher grades
C．the amount or kind of activity directly affects academic level
D．the research shows that the children aged 6 to 1 8 don't do sports
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D．The educators in the research think studies，not exercise，mean much to students．
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B．findings probably vary in different areas
C．physical activity will spread all over the world
D．a(chǎn)cademic performance depends on the surroundings
小題4:What's the purpose of writing the passage?
A．To call our attention to the sports at school．
B．To introduce all types of physical activities．
C．To represent the academic performance．
D．To improve students' health ．

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A good teacher is many things to many people. In my own experience, the people I respect the most and think about the most are the teachers who demanded (要求) the most discipline (紀(jì)律) from their students.
I miss one teacher in particular that I had in high school. I think she was a good teacher because she was a very strict person. I remember very vividly (清晰地) a sign over her classroom door. It was a simple sign that said, “Laboratory—in this room the first five letters of the word was emphasized (強(qiáng)調(diào)), not the last seven.” In other words, I guess, labor for her was more important than oratory, which means making speeches.
She prepared her work very carefully and demanded us to do the same. We got lots of homework from her. Once she had broken her arm, and everybody in the class thought that maybe the homework load would be reduced, but it continued just the same. She checked our work by stamping her name at the bottom of the papers to show that she had read them.
I think sometimes teachers who demand the most are liked the least. But as time goes by, this discipline really seems to benefit (有益于) the students.
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A．A patient teacher.B．An honest teacher.
C．A strict teacher.D．A hard-working teacher.
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D．gave her students more homework
小題4:What’s the writer’s opinion of discipline?
A．It makes the students dislike their teachers.
B．It does good to the students in the long run.
C．It’s too much for young children.
D．It does more harm than good to the students.

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China is going green. In order to reduce air pollution and oil shortages, automobile manufacturers have announced their plans to develop hybrid vehicles (混合燃料汽車) for the Chinese market. Toyota's hybrid car Prius will be ready to drive in China this week. Let's have a look at the new car.
Any vehicle is a hybrid when it combines two or more sources of power. Hybrid cars run off a rechargeable battery and gasoline. Hybrid cars have special engines, which are smaller than traditional gasoline engines. They run at 99 percent of their power when the car is cruising (勻速行駛). A specially designed battery motor provides extra power for running up hills or when extra acceleration is needed.
Step into a Prius, and turn on the engine. The first thing you notice is how much quieter it is than a traditional car. At this point, the car's gasoline engine is dormant (休眠). The electric motor will provide power until the car reaches about 24 km/h. If you stay at a low speed, you are effectively driving an electric car, with no gasoline being used, and no waste gas gives off.
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The electronic motor recharges automatically using a set of batteries. When driving at high speed, the gasoline engine not only powers the car, but also charges the batteries. Any time you use the brake, the electric motor in the wheels will work like a generator and produce electricity to recharge the batteries. As a consequence, the car's batteries will last for around 200,000 miles.
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A．teach people how to drive a hybrid car
B．introduce a new kind of “green” car
C．show how to save their gasoline when driving a car
D．a(chǎn)nnounce plans to develop hybrid vehicles for China
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A．They are powered by both a rechargeable battery and gasoline.
B．They are much quieter than traditional cars.
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D．They have smaller engines than traditional gasoline ones.
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A．The batteries can be recharged at any time you want.
B．Using the brake suggests that the gasoline engine should work.
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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Remembering names is an important social skill. Here are some ways to master it.
Recite and repeat in conversation
When you hear a person’s name, repeat it. Immediately say it to yourself several times without moving your lips .You could also repeat the name in a way that does not sound forced or artificial.
Ask the other person to recite and repeat
You can let other people help you remember their names. After you’ve been introduced to someone, ask that person to spell the name and pronounce it correctly for you. Most people will be pleased by the effort you’re making to learn their names.
Admit you don’t know
Admitting that you can’t remember someone’s name can actually make people relaxed. Most of them will feel sympathy if you say, “I’m working to remember names better. Yours is right on the tip of my tongue. What is it again？”
Use association
Link each person you meet with one thing you find interesting or unusual. For example, you could make a mental note: “Vicki Cheng-tall，black hair”. To reinforce your association, write them on a small card as soon as possible.
Limit the number of new names you learn at one time.
When meeting a group of people, concentrate on remembering just two or three names. Free yourself from remembering everyone. Few of the people in mass introductions expect you to remember their names. Another way is to limit yourself to learning just first names. Last names can come later.
Go early
Consider going early to conferences, parties and classes. Sometimes just a few people show up on time. That’s fewer names for you to remember. And as more people arrive, you can hear them being introduced to others-an automatic review for you.
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A．getB．simplifyC．strengthenD．collect
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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Parents are fuelling bad behavior among their children by attempting to "buy" their love with expensive gifts nowadays.
Over recent decades we seem to have created a "must have" culture among our young people. Many mothers and fathers believe they are "failing as parents" if they are unable to ensure that their children have the latest toy, electronic devices (the lap-top, cellphones, Game Boy, etc.) along with their friends. In many cases, families also feel pressured to enroll (使加入) children in "'every interest club or after-school activity that is available" to fill up their time like most of the other children.
But experts warned that the move might affect "precious family time" negatively. Graham Gorton, chairman of the Independent Schools Association, said that parents spent too much time filling their children's lives, which had a series of negative effects on "the very precious family time that exists".
"It seems that those times when a whole weekend without planned work was seen as a luxury (奢侈) and a perfect opportunity to spend time together and share those valuable moments of childhood are long gone," Mr. Gorton said. "As a child I only once said that phrase that parents feared 'I'm bored'. Immediately my mother took action and produced a list of jobs and then insisted that I complete every one of them. Though l didn't think cleaning all the floors could really get rid of my boredom, I enjoyed the feeling of staying at home with my mother and brothers."
Earlier this year, some researchers suggested that relatively wealthy parents were sometimes guilty of failing to teach basic social skills to children. "Often, it’s the rich middle classes that buy off their children through the computer and the TV. That then sets them apart from their family, and then the parents are surprised when their child isn’ t coming to school."
小題1:The second paragraph mainly tells us that ________.
A．today’s children have little time to play
B．today’s children depend on electronic tools too much
C．today’s parents feel pressured by the "'must have" culture
D．being qualified parents becomes harder for today's young people
小題2:What does the "must have" phenomenon refer to based on the passage?
A．That children must have what other children have.
B．That children must have proper pressure to work hard.
C．That children must have special skills to ensure a better future.
D．That parents must have patience to know their children better.
小題3:Which of the following is the best advice you could give to parents based on Gorton’s statement?
A．Plan fewer activities for their children to improve family time.
B．Buy their children fewer things that they are fond of.
C．Give their children more housework to do.
D．Leave their children alone when the kids feel bored.
小題4:Mr. Gorton tended to think that in the past ________.
A．children enjoyed doing housework
B．children never thought life was boring
C．children liked to spend time with their family
D．children often had some planned work after school
小題5:From the passage we can infer that ________.
A．wealthy parents don’t like teaching basic social skills to children
B．parents should be much more strict with their children at home
C．children should not be brought up in a wealthy and pleasant environment
D．only satisfying children’s material needs is not a good way of parenting

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：完形填空

閱讀下面短文回答問(wèn)題，將答案寫到答題卡相應(yīng)的位置上（注意題后的字?jǐn)?shù)要求）
【1】People study their family history for different reasons. For some, genealogy(家譜學(xué)) is important to their religion（宗教信仰）. Other people who get involved in genealogy may want to confirm （證實(shí)）stories they heard about a family member. Some people say their interest in genealogy came from an eight-part series on television called Roots. Roots was first broadcast in 1977 and was based on a book which describes how the author’s ancestor, long ago in Africa, as slave was brought to America. After watching Roots, many Americans wanted to study ________________.
【2】Finding family roots is not always easy. So how exactly does someone start a genealogical research?
【3】Experts say you should start with yourself. Write down your own history. One idea is to ask your parents what they can remember about their parents or grandparents. You can often find a lot of information in family pictures, letters and other documents.
【4】Resources on local history may also provide useful information. Large libraries may have hundreds of helpful books. In the United States, several groups have large collections of genealogical materials. These collections are open to the public.
【5】Governments often have many helpful records of genealogies. Governments usually keep official copies of birth, marriage and death records. Local governments may have copies of wills. These statements of final wishes often contain details about a person’s life and wealth.
【6】Today, many people use the Internet. There are thousands of websites related to genealogy. They can guide people to historical records and provide information about how to write down their family’s history.
小題1:What is the passage mainly about? ( no more than 10 words)
_____________________________________________________________________
小題2:How many ways are mentioned in how to start a genealogical research? ( no more than 2 words)[
_____________________________________________________________________
小題3:Fill in the blank in Paragraph 1 with proper words. ( no more than 6 words)
_____________________________________________________________________
小題4:Why should people ask governments for help in the study of genealogy? ( no more than 8 words)
_____________________________________________________________________
小題5:What does the underlined word “They” (Paragraph 6 ) probably refer to ? (no more than 5 words)
_____________________________________________________________________

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Monkeys , face to face
DISCOVER magazine once reported on a curious event in the woods : a group of monkeys applied mud (泥) to their faces in order to keep away insects , but when they were done they seemed to have lost their ability to recognize each other ---two monkeys that were supposed to be friends even started fighting.
“Faces are really important to how monkeys and apes (猿)can tell one another apart,” explained Michael Alfaro, a biologist at University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), to the New York -based International Science Times . This is quite different from many other animals , which depend heavily on smells.
Since faces play such a crucial part in the social lives of monkeys , could this explain why certain monkey species have such colorful faces while others have simpler, plainer ones ?
To test this theory , a group of researchers from UCLA studied 139 monkey species , mainly from Asia and Africa, and analyzed hundreds of headshot (頭像）photos of those monkeys from their databases.
It was found that species that live in larger groups have faces with more complex color patterns than those that live in smaller groups. According to Live Science, researchers believe that this is nature’s way of making it easier for monkeys to recognize each other since those living in larger groups have to distinguish between a greater number of faces.
This is actually not that hard to understand . Just imagine if there were 10 people standing in front of you, all wearing white clothes. It would be much more difficult to tell them apart than if they wore clothes with colorful patterns. However, if there were only two people that you had to identify, a lack of color wouldn’t be much of a problem.
Apart from the need to recognize group members , researchers found that geography and environment also affect monkeys’ facial colors. Species that live closer to the equator in thick, humid (潮濕的）forests were found to have darker faces than those who live in dry areas further away from the equator. This is because darker faces help camouflage (偽裝）the monkeys in the woods so that they go unnoticed by predators (捕食者）.
小題1:We can learn from the article that monkeys mainly recognize each other by their __.
A．SmellsB．Facial appearancesC．body shapesD．Voices
小題2:Which of the following statements about monkeys’face patterns is TURE according to the article ?
A．Larger monkeys have more complex face color patterns.
B．Monkeys with colorful face patterns usually take higher social positions within groups.
C．Monkeys living in smaller groups usually have simpler, plainer face patterns.
D．Colorful face patterns keep monkeys safe from predators.
小題3:What is article mainly about?
A．The social lives of monkeys.
B．How monkeys tell each other apart.
C．A comparison between the face patterns of monkeys and those of human beings.
D．The different factors that determine monkeys’ face patterns.

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