The history of modern art begins with Impressionism, a movement started in Paris in the mid-1800’s. At that time many artists painted in a very traditional way that involved spending hours in a studio, painstakingly (辛苦地) creating paintings that were extremely detailed. These paintings were sometimes of people or landscapes or historical events. In 1863, Edouard Manet exhibited his painting “Dejeuner sur l’erbe” at the Salon des Refuses. The painting caused a commotion (騷動), thus starting the Impressionist movement. Although Edouard Manet is the declared leader and founder of the group, he was not present at the first group exhibition or any of the other eight collective Impressionist shows. The movement gained more attention in the April of 1874 when Claude Monet, Auguste Renoir, Alfred Sisley, and Jean-Frédéric Bazille formed Society of Artists, Painters, Sculptors, Engravers and began exhibiting outside of the official salon. The same year, the term Impressionism was invented by criticizing (批評的) journalist Louis Leroy to describe their paintings, who worked for the magazine Le Charivari.
The Impressionists often paint out of doors and want to show how light and shadow fall on objects at particular times of the day. Their works are sometimes described as “captured moments” and are characterized by short quick brushstrokes (筆) of colour which, when viewed up close looks quite messy and unreal. If we step back from the Impressionist paintings, the colours are blended together by our eyes and we are able to see the painters’ subjects which often show colourful landscapes, sunlight on water as well as people busy with outdoor activities.
【小題1】Before Impressionism, the works of artists were .
| A．quite abstract | B．very confusing |
| C．very detailed | D．quite controversial |
| A．Claude Monet. | B．Edouard Manet. |
| C．Auguste Renoir. | D．Alfred Sisley. |
| A．with imagination | B．a(chǎn)t a distance |
| C．outdoors | D．in a studio |
| A．the painting style of the Impressionists |
| B．how to describe the Impressionist paintings |
| C．the influences of the Impressionist paintings |
| D．the subjects of the Impressionist paintings |
【小題1】C
【小題2】B
【小題3】B
【小題4】A
解析試題分析：本文介紹印象派繪畫的起源和印象派畫家的繪畫風(fēng)格。
【小題1】細(xì)節(jié)題：從第一段的句子：At that time many artists painted in a very traditional way that involved spending hours in a studio, painstakingly (辛苦地) creating paintings that were extremely detailed. 可知在印象派之前，藝術(shù)家的作品是很詳細(xì)的。選C
【小題2】細(xì)節(jié)題：從第一段的句子：In 1863, Edouard Manet exhibited his painting “Dejeuner sur l’erbe” at the Salon des Refuses. The painting caused a commotion (騷動), thus starting the Impressionist movement.可知是Edouard Manet 開創(chuàng)了印象派。選B
【小題3】細(xì)節(jié)題：從最后一句話：If we step back from the Impressionist paintings, the colours are blended together by our eyes and we are able to see the painters’ subjects which often show colourful landscapes, sunlight on water as well as people busy with outdoor activities.可知印象派作品要離遠(yuǎn)一點(diǎn)才能看清。選B
【小題4】推理題：從第二段的句子：The Impressionists often paint out of doors and want to show how light and shadow fall on objects at particular times of the day. Their works are sometimes described as “captured moments” and are characterized by short quick brushstrokes (筆) of colour which,可知這段講的印象派畫家的繪畫風(fēng)格。選A
考點(diǎn)：考查藝術(shù)類短文
點(diǎn)評：本文介紹印象派繪畫的起源和印象派畫家的繪畫風(fēng)格。本文所設(shè)試題主要考察細(xì)節(jié)查找，對于文章中的細(xì)節(jié)題，要注意文本內(nèi)容的理解。關(guān)鍵是找出原文的根據(jù)，認(rèn)真核查題支和原文的異同，常犯錯誤有：絕對化語言，范圍擴(kuò)大或縮小，以偏概全，張冠李戴等。帶著問題，再讀全文，找出答題所需要的依據(jù)，完成閱讀。
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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解
The number of accidents involving pedestrians (行人) wearing headphones is on the rise , a report suggests, causing fresh warning from road safety groups in Britain .
A US-based study found a total of 116 reports of death or injury to pedestrians wearing headphones between 2004 and 2011 , jumping from 16 in 2005 to 47 in 2011 .
Most victims were men (68%) and under the age of 30 (67%) , with around one in ten of all cases (9%) under the age of 18 .Some 89% of the cases occurred in urban areas and more than half (55%) of the victims were struck by trains .
Eighty-one of the 116 accidents (70%) resulted in the person’s death--- even though a warning was sounded in around a third of the cases .
The study concluded , “ The use of headphone may be a safety risk to pedestrians , especially in environments with moving vehicles（cars） . Further research is needed to determine if and how headphone use threatens pedestrian safety .” British road safety groups warned pedestrians to be careful.
Floor Lieshout , director of Youth For Road Safety , said, “ This study shows once more the importance of using all of our senses while we are near traffic . It is important that we find an attractive way to make youth learn about the risks of wearing headphones in traffic .”
Andrew Howard , who is the head of road safety at the Automobile Association , added that some pedestrians can be “so focused in their own little world they forget the world going on around them”.That can include headphone wearers , Howard said, but also people talking on phones.
However , Howard said that more researches needed to be done.
Earlier studies have shown that people wearing headphones or talking on phones can suffer “inattentional blindness” which makes them isolated (孤立) from the world around them .
Ian Harvey , at the charity Civic Voice , said that “ to defeat isolation and to help build a civic(文明的) society , people need to interact(交往) with each other .
He said , “ A basis for any civilized society is communication--- Surfing the web , listening to MP3s , reading blogs or sending e-mail is not interacting with a person; it’s interacting with a machine.
“If people feel socially isolated , they need to have more face-to-face interactions with other human beings and in time , will begin to feel happier and more connected to the world and place they live in .”
【小題1】What does the text mainly discuss ?
| A．Recent research on the risks to pedestrians |
| B．Safety problems caused by wearing headphones. |
| C．The advantages and disadvantages of headphones |
| D．Traffic accidents in the United States |
| A．most victims died in the accidents |
| B．most accidents were caused by cars |
| C．most accidents happened in the countryside |
| D．most victims are under eighteen |
| A．it is safe if you wear headphones in a proper way |
| B．people wearing headphones are more likely to go blind |
| C．most people wear headphones because of loneliness |
| D．it is dangerous to talk on phones while walking |
| A．beating isolation | B．communication between people |
| C．building a civilized society | D．new technologies |
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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解
More than half of parents in the United States are helping , or have helped their adult children who have been hit by high unemployment and stagnant（無變化的）wages, according to a new survey. It showed that present economic conditions are discouraging young adults from leaving home and forcing those who have already gone, so - called boomerang children, to return.
“Parents are continuing their financial involvement longer than we expected,” said Ted Beck, the president and CEO of National Endowment for Financial Education (NEFE).
About 60 percent of parents questioned in the survey said they are helping their adult children who are no longer in school financially, providing housing and living expenses.
For an increasing number of adult children, the situation is bad. Two - thirds of adult children, aged 18 to 39, who are not in school said they faced tougher financial pressures than previous generations, according to the survey. And nearly one - third of parents agreed that it was easier for them to earn money than for their children.
Parents are helping their children out of genuine concern, and because they do not want to see them struggle. But Beck said that parents who make sacrifices to help their adult children should be cautious about their own finances.
“If you are taking on extra debt or delaying retirement to help your adult child, you could be making a mistake and putting your own financial future in danger.” Beck warned.
Boomerang children can also cause other problems for their parents. Thirty percent of parents said they had given up privacy since their adult children moved back home, while more than a quarter have taken on added debt, and ten percent have delayed retirement. But the survey also showed that 42 percent of adult children living at home are helping with the cooking and cleaning.
【小題1】The underlined words “boomerang children” in the first paragraph likely means ________.
| A．a(chǎn)dult children visiting parents often |
| B．married adult children |
| C．a(chǎn)dult children depending on parents for financial support |
| D．a(chǎn)dult children independent and successful in life |
| A．Asking their children to help with the housework. |
| B．Leaving their children to struggle to live. |
| C．Being careful when helping their children financially. |
| D．Putting off their time of retirement. |
| A．a(chǎn)bout 50% of parents give money to their adult children to cover the daily cost |
| B．two - thirds of adult children are faced with financial problems in school |
| C．one - third of adult children earn money more easily than their parents |
| D．one in ten parents has delayed retirement |
| A．Adult children are less independent. |
| B．Parents help support adult children. |
| C．Bad conditions affect children a lot. |
| D．Adult children like living with parents. |
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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解
Have you ever considered all the English expressions that include words about clothes? Let’s see if I can name a few proverbs “off the cuff” since I haven’t prepared for it.
| English expressions with “pants” |
| People wear pants to cover the lower part of their bodies. We sometimes say that people who are restless or nervous have “ants in their pants.” They might also “fly by the seat of their pants” -- they use their natural sense to do something instead of their learned knowledge. Sometimes, people may “get caught with their pants down” -- they are found doing something they should not be doing. And, in every family, one person takes control. Sometimes a wife tells her husband what to do. Then we say “she wears the pants in the family.” |
| When people what to say something about money |
| Pants usually have pockets to hold things. Money that is likely to be spent quickly can “burn a hole in your pocket.” Sometimes you need a belt to hold up your pants. If you have less money than usual, you may have to “tighten your belt” -- you may have to live on less money and spend your money carefully. But once you have succeeded in budgeting your money, you will have that skill “under your belt.” I always praise people who can save their money and not spend too much. I really “take my hat off to them.” Yet, when it comes to my own money, I spend it “at the drop of a hat” -- immediately, without waiting. And sadly, you cannot “pull money out of a hat” -- you cannot get money by inventing or imagining it. |
| English expressions with “shoes” |
| Boots are a heavy or strong kind of shoes. People who are “too big for their boots” think they are more important than they really are. I dislike such people. I really do. You can bet your boots on that! Yet, truly important people are hard to replace. Rarely can you “fill their shoes” -- or replace them with someone equally effective. |
| English expressions with “shirt” |
| My father is an important person. He runs a big company. He wears a suit and tie and a shirt with sleeves that cover his arms. Some people who do not know him well think he is too firm and severe. They think he is a real “stuffed shirt.” But I know that my father “wears his heart on his sleeve” -- he shows his feelings openly. And, he knows how to “keep his shirt on” -- he stays calm and never gets angry or too excited. |
| A．How to say English correctly and properly. |
| B．Why English expressions include words about clothes. |
| C．Which words can be used to describe my father. |
| D．What people mean when they use some proverbs. |
| A．tighten one’s belt | B．burn a hole in one’s pocket |
| C．get caught with their pants down | D．take one’s hat off to them |
| A．he is “too big for their boots”. |
| B．he “bet his boots on that ”. |
| C．he “ fill their shoes”. |
| D．he “wears his heart on his sleeve ”. |
| A．“You really fill your shoes” |
| B．“Awesome ! You wear your heart on your sleeve!” |
| C．“Amazing !How can you keep your shirt on at that time!” |
| D．“Cool! You are truly a stuffed shirt”. |
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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解
The Peales were a famous family of American artists. Charles Willson Peale is best remembered for his portraits of leading figures of the American Revolution. He painted portraits of Franklin and Jefferson and over a dozen of George Washington. His life-size portrait of his sons Raphaelle and Titian was so realistic that George Washington reportedly once tipped his hat to the figures in the picture.
Charles Willson Peale gave up painting in his middle age and devoted his life to the Peale museum, which he founded in Philadelphia. The world’s first popular museum of art and natural science mainly covered paintings by Peale and his family as well as displays of animals in their natural settings. Peale found the animals himself and found a method to make the exhibits more lifelike. The museum’s most popular display was the skeleton (骷髏) of a huge, extinct elephant, which Peale unearthed on a New York farm in 1801.
Three of Peale’s seventeen children were also famous artists. Paphaelle Peale often painted still lives of flowers, fruit, and cheese. His brother Rembrandt studied under his father and painted portraits of many noted people, including one of George Washington. Another brother, Rubens Peale, painted mostly landscapes and portraits.
James Peale, the brother of Charles Willson Peale, specialized in miniatures (小畫像). His daughter Sarah Miriam Peale was probably the first professional female portrait painter in America.
【小題1】What is the main topic of the passage?
| A．The life of Charles Willson Peale. | B．Portraits in the 18th century. |
| C．The Peale Museum. | D．A family of artists. |
| A．showed | B．dug up | C．invented | D．looked over |
| A．Titian Peale. | B．Rubens Peale. | C．Raphaelle Peale. | D．Sarah Miriam Peale. |
| A．puzzled | B．excited | C．a(chǎn)dmiring | D．disappointed |
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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：完型填空
A Leap(跳躍)to Honor
Leaping on a narrow balance beam(平衡木) is not easy.But Lola Walter, a 13－year－old gymnast, is an expert at it.
To perfect her skills, Lola ____ for four hours a day, five days a week.At the state championships in March, she finished seventh out of 16 girls.
That's especially impressive，____she is legally blind, born with a rare condition that causes her eyes to shift(移動)constantly.She often sees double and can't ____ how far away things are.
When she was little, her mom ____ that even though she couldn't see ____ , she was fearless.So her mom signed her up for gymnastics when she was three.She loved the ____ right away and gymnastics became her favorite.
Though learning gymnastics has been more ___ for her than for some of her teammates, she has never quit.She doesn't let her ____ stop her from doing anything that she wants to.
She likes the determination it takes to do the sport.Her biggest ____ is the balance beam.Because she has double vision, she often sees two beams.She must use her sense of touch to help her during her routine.Sometimes she even closes her eyes.“You have to ____ your mind that it'll take you where you want to go，” says Lola.
To be a top－level gymnast, one must be brave.The beam is probably the most ____ for anyone because it's four inches wide.At the state competition, Lola didn't fall ___ the beam.In fact, she got an 8.1 out of 10——her highest score yet.
Lola doesn't want to be ____ differently from the other girls on her team.At competitions, the judges don't know about her vision ____.She doesn't tell them, because she doesn't think they need to know.Her mom is amazed by her ____ attitude.
Lola never thinks about ____.She is presently at level 7 while the highest is level 10 in gymnastics.Her ____ is to reach level 9.She says she wants to be a gymnastics coach to pass down what she's learned to other kids ____ she grows up.
Lola is____of all her hard work and success.She says it's helped her overcome problems in her life outside gymnastics too.Her ___ for others is “just believe in yourself”．
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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解
Are you reading this while sitting in an office cubicle（辦公室格子間）? If so, please take a moment and glance around you. Are there photos of your last vacation hung on the wall? One of your kid’s drawings? A yellowed print of a favorite cartoon?
If so, you are doing something good for both yourself and your organization. Newly published research suggests working in an environment that offers little privacy can lead to emotional exhaustion and burnout（過度疲勞）. But personalizing one’s workplace is an effective protection against such unwanted outcomes.
“Individuals may take comfort from the items with which they surround themselves at work, and these items may help employees to keep emotional energy high in the face of stresses that come from their work,” writes a research team led by Gregory Laurence of the University of Michigan-Flint, Michigan, in north central U.S.
In the Journal of Environmental Psychology, Laurence and his colleagues describe a study featuring 87 white-collar employees at a large, urban university in the Midwestern United States.
Research assistants noted whether they worked in a private office (with a door that can be closed) or a cubicle. They also counted the number of items each worker had brought from home to decorate his or her workspace – a list that included photographs, posters, artworks.
Not surprisingly, Laurence and his colleagues found a connection between the amount of privacy an employee enjoys and his or her rate of burnout. “High privacy conditions tend to serve as strong protectors against unwelcome interferences and distractions（干擾和分心的事）,” they noted, “contributing to a work environment supporting reduced emotional exhaustion.”
But this link disappeared when those employees had personalized their cubicles. Employees who had turned their workspaces into areas that reflect their interests and personalities reported the same (relatively low) level of emotional exhaustion, no matter whether they worked in an office or a cubicle.
The research confirms “the calming effect” of having your own stuff around you. So if you’re feeling exhausted at work, relief could be as simple as hanging a few of your kindergartener’s colorful creations on your cubicle wall.
【小題1】Who might be most interested in the passage?
| A．Job hunters. |
| B．Office workers. |
| C．Kid’s parents |
| D．Employment researchers. |
| A．offers them little privacy |
| B．may help improve their work efficiency |
| C．will sometimes cause burnout |
| D．serve as interferences and distractions |
| A．come from the university of Michigan-Flint |
| B．a(chǎn)ll suffer high levels of emotional exhaustion |
| C．may work in a private office or in a cubicle |
| D．like personalizing their homes with little items |
| A．A book review | B．A research plan |
| C．An official document | D．A news report |
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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解
Mr. Samson was a newspaper editor in Boston, America. On the night of August 28, 1988, when he was on night duty, he dreamed that a volcano (火山) near the Island of Java erupted (爆發(fā)) , and that the local people were buried under lava (熔巖).
When he woke up from the bad dream with a start, he thought it was very interesting material, so he wrote it down on a piece of paper, left it on the desk and went home. Early in the morning, the editor-in-chief came to work and saw the paper. He took it for the latest news that something important had happened last night and published it immediately. Only later did he find out it was just about what Mr. Samson had seen in his dream. But it was all too late because the newspaper had already been delivered (傳送).And it caused a great panic.
In no time the editors met to discuss the serious problem. They finally decided to make an apology in the newspaper. Just at that time word came that a volcano on a small Island between Java and Sumatra did erupt. The eruption made the small island lose two thirds of its area, and the seismic sea waves caused tragedy (悲劇) in human.
【小題1】The volcano on a small island between Java and Sumatra erupted _______.
| A．on the night of August 28, 1988. |
| B．on the morning of August 28,1988. |
| C．on the night of August 29, 1988. |
| D．on the morning of August 29,1988 |
| A．didn’t make an apology in the newspaper |
| B．took back all the newspaper |
| C．made an apology to the readers in the newspaper. |
| D．didn’t realize the serious problem |
| A．the eruption did little damage to the small island |
| B．Mr.Samson was an expert in volcanos |
| C．the newspaper would be more popular |
| D．Mr. Samson would lose his job for the news |
| A．The Bad News |
| B．News Leading to a Tragedy(悲劇) |
| C．Seeing is Believing |
| D．Dream News Became True |
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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：單選題
China is a land of bicycles. At least it was back in 1992 when I traveled the country. Back then everyone seemed to be riding a bicycle. Millions of them, all black. Cars were rare. Yet since my arrival in Beijing last year, I’ve found the opposite is true. There are millions of cars. However, people still use their bicycles to get around. For many, it’s the easiest and cheapest way to travel today. Bicycles also come in different colors---sivler, green, red, blue, yellow, whatever you want.
It’s fun watching people biking. They rush quickly through crossroads, move skillfully through traffic, and ride even on sidewalks(人行道). Bicycles allow people the freedom to move about that cars just can’t provide.
Eager to be part of this aspect of Chinese culture, I decided to buy a bicycle. Great weather accompanied my great buy. I immediately jumped up on my bicycle seat and started home.
My first ride home was orderly (守秩序的). To be safe, I stayed with a “pack” of bikers while cars on the streets came running swiftly out of nowhere at times. I didn’t want to get hit. So I took the ride carefully.
Crossing the streets was the biggest problem. It was a lot like crossing a major highway back in the United States. The streets here were wide, so crossing took time, skill and a little bit of luck.
I finally made it home. The feeling on the bicycle was amazing. The air hitting my face and going through my hair was wonderful. I was sitting on top of the world as I passed by places and people. Biking made me feel alive.
【小題1】 According to the author, why are bicycles still popular in China today?
| A．Because they are traditional and safe. |
| B．Because they are convenient and inexpensive. |
| C．Because they are colorful and available. |
| D．Because they are fast and environment friendly. |
| A．to ride it for fun | B．to use it for transport |
| C．to experience local skills | D．to improve his riding skills |
| A．It was boring. | B．It was difficult. |
| C．It was lively. | D．It was wonderful. |
| A．The author enjoyed showing off his biking skills. |
| B．The author was annoyed by the air while riding. |
| C．The author was praised by the other bikers. |
| D．The author took great pleasure in biking. |
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