Question

6．Sleeping for less than six hours a night greatly increases the risk of dying from a heart attack or stroke（中風(fēng)），a study has found．It is the stuff of nightmares for those whose busy work schedule or busy family life means getting up early and staying up late．Scientists claim that the modern tendency to delay going to bed in order to get through more of the items on the‘to do'list has serious health consequences．But take care．Those who have too much sleep are also more likely to suffer a heart attack．While the extra sleeping is unlikely to be the cause，long-term illnesses such as heart disease often make sufferers feel tired，so sleeping for longer than nine hours a night may be an early warning sign．
   Researchers found that those who slept for less than six hours were almost 50 per cent more likely to suffer a heart attack and 15 per cent more at risk of strokes．They believe that not having enough sleep disrupts the balance of two key hormones（激素），ghrelin（生長素）and leptin（瘦素），which control the appetite．Poor sleepers tend to eat more and are more likely to be fatter，so are at greater risk of high blood pressure and heart disease，which lead to heart attacks and strokes．Experts recommend adults get at least six or seven hours'shut-eye a night to stay healthy．
   But as many as 60 per cent of us do not think we are sleeping enough，with a third suffering from sleeplessness．The researchers，from the University of Warwick，warned that trying to push too much into one day by going to bed late and getting up early could lead to serious illnesses later in life．They looked at the sleeping habits of almost 475，000 participants from 15 previous studies across eight countries，including the UK，the U．S．，Japan，Sweden and Germany．Their findings，published in the European Heart Journal，show that those who slept for less than six hours were 48 per cent more likely to develop or die from heart disease and 15 per cent more likely to develop or die from a stroke．Not having enough sleep decreases the levels of leptin in our blood，which means we do not feel as satisfied after eating．At the same time，it raises the levels of ghrelin，responsible for triggering（引起） our appetite，thus making us feel hungrier．
   The scientists believe that our‘work hard，play hard'society encourages us to sacrifice sleep and ignore our health．The trend for late nights and early mornings is actually a ticking time bomb for our health so you need to act now to reduce your risk of developing these life-threatening conditions．
50．What's the main idea of the passage？A
A．Lack of sleep raises your risk of stroke or heart disease．
B．It raises the levels of ghrelin，thus making us feel hungrier．
C．Sleeping for longer than nine hours a night may be an early warning sign．
D．The scientists believe that our‘work hard，play hard'society encourages us  
to sacrifice sleep and ignore our health．
51．Which word do you think can take the place of"disrupts"in the second paragraph？
C
A．increases   B．destroys    C．a(chǎn)ffects   D．reduces
52．According to the passage，why don't we feel as satisfied after eating？D
A．Because not having enough sleep disrupts the balance of two key hormones，ghrelin and leptin，which control the appetite．
B．Because not having enough sleep decreases the levels of leptin in our blood．
C．Because not having enough sleep raises the levels of ghrelin，thus making us feel hungrier．
D．All above add up．
53．Which of the sentences is true according to the text？C
A．Researchers found that those who slept for less than six hours were almost 50 per cent more likely to suffer strokes and 15 per cent more at risk of a heart attack．
B．Those who have too much sleep aren't likely to suffer a heart attack．
C．But as many as 60 per cent of us do not think we are sleeping enough，with a third suffering from sleeplessness．
D．Trying to push too much into one day by going to bed early and getting up late could lead to serious illnesses in life
54．What does the writer suggest people should do in the passage？B
A．The writer thinks that we had better follow the trend for late nights and early mornings．
B．The writer advises adults get at least six or seven hours'shut-eye a night to stay healthy．
C．The writer doubts it a good idea to act now to reduce the risk of developing these life-threatening conditions．
D．The writer encourages us to sacrifice sleep and ignore our health．

Answer 1

分析 本文屬于說明文閱讀，作者通過這篇文章主要向我們描述了睡眠不足會增加你患中風(fēng)或心臟病的風(fēng)險，因此一定要好好休息．

解答 50．A．主旨大意題．根據(jù)第一段Sleeping for less than six hours a night greatly increases the risk of dying from a heart attack or stroke可知文章主要講了睡眠不足會增加你患中風(fēng)或心臟病的風(fēng)險；故選A．
51．C．詞義猜測題．根據(jù)第二段They believe that not having enough sleep disrupts the balance of two key hormones沒有足夠的睡眠會破壞兩個關(guān)鍵激素平衡，可知意為破壞；故選C．
52．D．細(xì)節(jié)理解題．根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段Not having enough sleep decreases the levels of leptin in our blood，which means we do not feel as satisfied after eating可知沒有足夠的睡眠，減少層次在我們的血液中F瘦素，這意味著我們不吃后倍感滿意；故選D．
53．C．細(xì)節(jié)理解題．根據(jù)第三段But as many as 60 per cent of us do not think we are sleeping enough，with a third suffering from sleeplessness可知但多達(dá)百分之60的人不認(rèn)為我們是睡得不夠，三分之一患有失眠；故選C．
54．B．細(xì)節(jié)理解題．根據(jù)第二段Experts recommend adults get at least six or seven hours'shut-eye a night to stay healthy可知家建議成年人得到至少六或七小時的夜間睡眠保持健康；故選B．

點評 考察學(xué)生的細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷能力，做細(xì)節(jié)理解題時一定要找到文章中的原句，和題干進(jìn)行比較，再做出正確的選擇．在做推理判斷題不要以個人的主觀想象代替文章的事實，要根據(jù)文章事實進(jìn)行合乎邏輯的推理判斷．