科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：053
When former American President Bill Clinton travelled to South Korea to visit President Kim Young Sam, he repeatedly referred to the Korean president’s wife as Mrs. Kim. By mistake, President Clinton’s advisers thought that Koreans have the same naming customs as the Japanese. Clinton had not been told that, in Korea, wives keep their family names. President Kim Young Sam’s wife was named Sohn Myong Suk. Therefore, she should be addressed（稱謂）as Mrs. Sohn.
President Clinton arrived in Korea directly after leaving Japan and had not changed his culture gears. His failure to follow Korean customs gave the impression that Korea was not as important to him as Japan.
In addition to Koreans, some Asian husbands and wives do not share the same family names. This practice often puzzles（使困惑）English-speaking teachers when talking with a pupil’s parents. They become puzzled about the student’s correct last name. Placing the family name first is common among a number of Asian cultures.
Mexican naming customs are different as well. When a woman marries, she keeps her family name and adds her husband’s name after the word de (of). This affects（影響）how they fill in forms in the United States. When requested to fill in a middle name, they generally write the father’s family name. But Mexicans are addressed by the family name of the mother. This often causes puzzlement.
Here are a few ways to deal with such difficult situations: don’t always think that a married woman uses her husband’s last name. Remember that in many Asian cultures, the order of first and last names is reversed（顛倒）. Ask which name a person would prefer to use. If the name is difficult to pronounce, admit it, and ask the person to help you say it correctly.
(1) The story of Bill Clinton is used to ________.
[ ]
A．improve US-Korean relations
B．introduce the topic of the text
C．describe his visit to Korea
D．tell us how to address a person
(2) The word“gears”in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to ________.
[ ]
(3) When a woman marries in Korea, she ________.
[ ]
A．continues to use her family name
B．uses her husband’s given name
C．shares her husband’s family name
D．adds her husband’s given name to hers
(4) To address a married woman properly, you’d better ________.
[ ]
A．use her middle name
B．use her husband’s first name
C．ask her which name she likes
D．change the order of her names
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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解
Levi Strauss was born in Bavaria (巴伐利亞) in Europe in 1829. He emigrated（移居）to the United States of America when he was seventeen years old. His brothers sold cloth, and he worked for them even though he could not speak English very well. At this time many people were moving to California because gold was discovered there. Strauss went to look for gold, too.
Strauss took a lot of cloth with him to San Francisco. He thought that he could make tents out of the cloth and sell them to people working in the gold fields. But when he got there, he saw that people had a greater need for clothes than tents. Clothes did not last very long in the gold fields. At first Strauss made pants out of canvas（帆布）. They were very strong ---- much stronger than other pants. Soon everyone was wearing them , so he decided only to make pants. He opened a small store and made a lot of money from selling pants.
After a while, Strauss found a material even stronger than canvas. It came from a town in France called Nimes. The French called the material serge de Nimes, which means “cloth from Nimes”. The Americans called it denim. Strauss also bought some cloth from Genoa, a town in Italy. To Americans this name sounds like “jeans”, so they called his pants jeans. The cloth that Strauss used was always blue, so people also called his pants blue jeans and blue denims. Other people called them Levi’s. Levi Strauss jeans are some of the best-selling jeans in the world today. They last a long time and are very comfortable.
56. When Levi Strauss went to San Francisco for the first time, he wanted to ______.
A. find a strong material to make pants
B. work for his brothers
C. make money by selling tents
D. open a store to make pants
57. In the beginning Strauss made pants from ______.
A. serge de Nimes B. silk
C. denim D. canvas
58. The name “jeans” was first used by ______.
A. Bavarians B. Americans
C. Italians D. Frenchmen
59. The story is about ______.
A. where cloth came from
B. the man who first made jeans
C. how to make lots of money
D. life on the gold fields
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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解
No matter where he lives, 16-year-old Danny Lopez feels like an outsider: he is half-Mexican and half-white.
At his private high school in wealthy northern San Diego, California, US, Lopez is too brown to fit in, whereas for the Mexican side of his family in National City, just a dozen miles from the border, he is too white to belong.
Different from both sides, Lopez is silent in school. He focuses on his passion for baseball and working hard to improve the pitches (球場) that have kept him off the school team.
Mexican Whiteboy, by Matt de la Pena, is about a teenager’s search for identity. It was named as one of the Top Ten Best Books for Young Adults in 2009 by the US Young Adult Library Services Association.
When Lopez’s mother decides to go to live with her wealthy white boyfriend in San Francisco, he chooses to spend the summer with his father’s family in San Diego. It’s a trip to explore roots and self-identity, filled with unexpected friendship.
There he meets Uno, of mixed heritage (遺傳) like himself, also with a divorced mom. Uno understands Danny’s split background and helps him improve his baseball skills. Both boys have big league dreams, but they both have to learn to come to terms with their mixed heritages before they can achieve their goals.
Aside from discussions of racism, Mexican Whiteboy takes on other issues, such as the importance of family and the negative influence of hiding the truth. It also shows how sports can draw cultures together.
The reason why Lopez feels like an outsider lies in the fact that ___________.
A. he is a Mexican B. he lives in San Diego
C. he is half-white and half-Mexican D. he studies in a private school
Most probably “Mexican Whiteboy” is a ____________.
A. book B. club C. newspaper D. organization
When Lopez found it is hard for him to fit in, he ____________.
A. starts writing a book about himself
B. begins to look for identity with the help of Mexican Whiteboy
C. loses his interest in baseball
D. works in the fields in which he was kept off the school team
Lopez and Uno have a lot in common except that ____________.
A. they both have a divorced mom
B. they both have mixed heritage
C. they were both in the school baseball team
D. both of them have big league dreams
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科目：高中英語 來源：江西省09-10學年高一下學期期中考試（英語） 題型：閱讀理解
Tea drinking was common in China for nearly one thousand years before anyone in Europe had ever heard about tea．People in Britain were much slower in finding out what tea was like, mainly because tea was very expensive. It could not be bought in shops and even those people who could afford to have it sent from Holland did so only because it was a fashionable curiosity. Some of them were not sure how to use it. They thought it was a vegetable and tried cooking the leaves. Then they served them mixed with butter and salt. They soon discovered their mistake but many people used to spread the used tea leaves on bread and give them to their children as sandwiches.
Tea remained scarce and very expensive in England until the ships of the East Indian Company began to bring it direct from China early in the seventeenth century. During the next few years so much tea came into the country that the price fell and many people could afford to buy it.
At the same time people on the Continent were becoming more and more fond of tea．Until then tea had been drunk without milk in it, but one day a famous French lady named Madame de Sevigne decided to see what tea tasted like when milk was added．She found it so pleasant that she would never again drink it without milk. Because she was such a great lady her friends thought they must copy everything she did, so they also drank their tea with milk in it. Slowly this habit spread until it reached England and today only very few British drink tea without milk.
At first, tea was usually drunk after dinner in the evening. No one ever thought of drinking tea in the afternoon until a duchess (公爵夫人) found that a cup of tea and a piece of cake at three or four o’clock stopped her getting “a sinking feeling” as she called it. She invited her friends to have this new meal with her and so, tea-time was born.
67．Which of the following is true of the introduction of tea into Britain?
A. The British got expensive tea from India.
B. Tea reached Britain from Holland.
C．The British were the first people in Europe who drank tea.
D．It was not until the 17th century that the British had tea.
68．Tea became a popular drink in Britain_____________.
A．in eighteenth century B．in sixteenth century
C．in seventeenth century D．in the late seventeenth century
69．People in Europe began to drink tea with milk because_____________.
A．it tasted like milk
B．it tasted more pleasant
C．it became a popular drink
D．Madame de Sevigne was such a lady with great social influence that people tried
to copy the way she drank tea
70．We may infer from the passage that the habit of drinking tea in Britain was mostly
due to the influence of ________.
A．a famous French lady B．the ancient Chinese
C．the upper social class D．people in Holland
71．What does the passage mainly talk about?
A．The history of tea drinking in Britain B．How tea became a popular drink in Britain
C．How the British got the habit of drinking tea D．How tea-time was born
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科目：高中英語 來源：2010-2011學年山東省淄博市高三上學期期中考試英語卷 題型：閱讀理解
Dogs have an understanding of fair play and become angry if they feel that another dog is getting a better deal, a new study has found.
The study looked at how dogs react when a companion is rewarded for the same trick in an unequal way. Friederike Range, a researcher at the University of Vienna in Austria, and her colleagues did a series of experiments with dogs who knew how to respond to the command “give the paw “. The dogs were normally happy to repeatedly give the paw, whether they got a reward or not. But that changed if they saw that another dog was being rewarded with a piece of food, while they received nothing.
“We found that the dogs hesitated significantly longer when obeying the command to give the paw,” the researchers write. The unrewarded dogs eventually stopped cooperating.
Scientists have long known that humans pay close attention to inequity. But researchers always assumed that animals didn’t share the trait. “The argument was that this is a uniquely human phenomenon,” says Frans de Waal, a professor of psychology at Emory University in Atlanta.
That changed in 2003 when he and a colleague did a study on monkeys. The monkeys had to hand a small rock to researchers to get a piece of cucumber in return. They were happy to do this. But if they saw that another monkey was getting a more delicious reward, a grape, for doing the same job, they would throw away the food and rock, and at some point just stopped performing.
In that experiment, the monkeys considered the fairness of two different types of payment. But when Range and her colleagues did a similar study with their trained dogs, testing to see if dogs would become upset if they only got dark bread when other dogs received sausage, they found that as long as the dogs got some kind of food payment, even if it wasn’t the most delicious kind, the animals would play along.
1.How did the dogs in Range’s study react to the order of “giving the paw”?
|
A．They took the order even without being rewarded. |
|
B．They took the order only when rewarded. |
|
C．They turned a deaf ear to repeated orders. |
|
D．They hesitated longer when given repeated orders. |
2. The research by Frans De Waal in 2003 ___________.
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A．originated from Range’s research on dogs. |
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B．showed that animals do pay attention to inequity. |
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C．began the argument that only humans are aware of inequity. |
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D．was conducted to find out how monkeys reacted to humans’ orders. |
3. Some monkeys in the research become angry because they found another monkey _______.
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A．was given less work. |
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B．was given more food. |
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C．was given the same type of food. |
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D．was given more delicious food. |
4. Range found that, compared with monkeys, dogs ____________.
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A．care more about whether they are rewarded. |
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B．care less about what they are rewarded with. |
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C．care more about what they are ordered to do. |
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D．care less about who gives them orders. |
5. What is the main idea of the passage?
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A．Animals have various ways to show their anger. |
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B．Dogs are less intelligent than monkeys. |
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C．Dogs have a sense of fairness. |
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D．Most animals want to be rewarded equally. |
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