Question

12．It's never a real problem for us when the weather gets cold．  We have many different ways of coping with the cold．We can put on more clothes，stay next to a fireplace，turn on the air conditioner or simply travel to a warmer city to spend the winter．But things are not as easy for plants．Unlike humans，plants can't move to escape the cold or generate heat to keep themselves warm．So how do they manage to survive the freezing winter？
    The cold is a big challenge for plants．Their living tissues can be damaged when they freeze．It's like a plant's equivalent（相等物）to frostbite（凍瘡）．Also，the process of freezing and thawing（解凍）can cause air bubbles to form in the plant's water transport system．If enough of these air bubbles come together as water thaws they can block the flow of water from the roots to the leaves and kill the plant．
    To live through cold weather，plants have developed three strategies，Some plants，such as oak trees，avoid freezing damage by dropping their leaves，before the winter chill sets in-effectively shutting off the flow of water between roots and leaves-and growing new leaves and water transport cells when the warm spring returns．Other plants，pine trees for example，protect them-selves by narrowing their water transport cells，which makes it easier for cells to travel among air bubbles．The third strateg is also the most extreme．Some plants； die on the ground in winter and start growing as new plants from seeds when conditions get warmer．
    However，these smart strategies were developed very slowly-over millions of years of evolution．This leads scientists to worry that plants may not be able to deal with human-caused climate change，which has only started occurring over the past few decades．Scientists are hoping to find possible ways to save plants from the threat of climate change．

51．What is the text mainly about？B
A．Different ways for people to keep warm．
B．How plants live through the freezing winter．
C．How plants develop the 8tratef；ies to keep warm*
D．The ways to save plants from the cold，
52．If the water transport from roots to leaves is blocked，D．
A．the plant will suffer from f'rostbite
B．a(chǎn)ir bubbles will be formed
C．the plant's living tissues will be damaged
D．the plant will be killed
53．Oak trees protect themselves byA．
A．stopping the water transport from roots to leaves
B．dropping their leaves to grow seeds
C．slowing the flow of water from roots to leaves
D．storing enough water in the roots
54．What does the underlined phrase"sets in"mean in Paragraph3？B
A．stops       
B．begins      
C．leaves      
D．returns
55．What is the main idea of the last paragraph？C
A．Plants can，easily adapt to climate change．
B．Scientists are making efforts to save plants．
C．Climates change is a great threat to plants．
D．Plants are developing new strategies to survive．

Answer 1

分析 在寒冷的冬天，人們有各種各樣保暖的方法，但是植物怎么過冬呢？這篇文章講的是植物在寒冷的天氣生存的方法．

解答 51．答案 B 主旨歸納題 從全篇文章和第二段的句子：But things are not as easy for plants．Unlike humans，plants can't move to escape the cold or generate heat to keep themselves warm．So how do they manage to survive the freezing winter？可知這篇文章講的是植物在寒冷的天氣生存的方法，故答案為B
52．答案 D 細節(jié)理解題 根據(jù)If enough of these air bubbles come together as water thaws they can block the flow of water from the roots to the leaves and kill the plant．
可知，如果運輸通道堵塞，植物就會死掉，故答案為D
53．答案 A 細節(jié)理解題：從第五段的句子：Some plants，such as oak trees，avoid freezing damage by dropping their leaves before the winter chill sets in-effectively shutting off the flow of water between roots and leaves 可知橡樹是通過在冬天將樹葉落下，這樣來在冬天幸存的，選A．
54．答案 B 詞義猜測題 根據(jù)句意Some plants，such as oak trees，avoid freezing damage by dropping their leaves before the winter chill sets in…可知，set in 此處的意思是"開始"故答案為B
55．答案 C 主旨歸納題  根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段的句子：This leads scientists to worry that plants may not be able to deal with human-caused climate change，which has only started occurring over the past few decades．可知科學(xué)家擔(dān)心的是人類造成的氣候變化對植物來說是個威脅．

點評 閱讀理解題主要考查考生對書面語篇的整體領(lǐng)悟能力和接受及處理具體信息的能力．試題的取材，密切聯(lián)系當(dāng)前我國和世界經(jīng)濟、科技等方面的變化，有關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)的來源真實可信．因此科普知識類文章是每年的必考題．分析歷年的科普類文章我們不難發(fā)現(xiàn)以下特點：
1、文章邏輯性強，條理清楚，語法結(jié)構(gòu)簡單，用語通俗．
2、文章內(nèi)容注重科技領(lǐng)域的新發(fā)現(xiàn)．內(nèi)容新穎，從而使文章顯得陌生，內(nèi)容抽象復(fù)雜．
3、命題方面注意對具體細節(jié)的準(zhǔn)確理解和以之為依據(jù)的推理判斷．
4、以人們的日常行為或飲食健康入手，探討利弊，詮釋過程，闡述概念．