【題目】

1People along the railway ________________ this new line.

沿鐵路線的人們得益于這條新鐵路。

2I won’t have you ________________ cheating in the exam.

我不會允許你作弊而不受懲罰。

3We should try our best to ________________ nature or we’ll be punished by nature.

我們應(yīng)該努力保持生態(tài)平衡,否則我們會受到大自然的懲罰。

4He ________________ by a strange disease at an early age.

他年紀(jì)輕輕就被一種怪病奪去了生命。

5The two cheats ________________ all night long.

兩個騙子讓他們的燈整夜地亮著。

6She used to ________________ by selling drinks.

她過去靠賣飲料為生。

7Knowing they are________________,they cried out their hearts.

得知他們負(fù)債累累,他們哭得傷心欲絕。

8________________ we should try again?We may win this time.

難道你不認(rèn)為我們應(yīng)該再試一次嗎?這次我們也許會勝出。

【答案】

1benefit from

2getting away with

3keep the balance of

4was cut down

5had their lights burning

6earn her living

7deep in debt

8Don’t you think

【解析】本大題完成句子。做這類題要從語法的角度考慮。翻譯句子時首先要考慮到整個句子的結(jié)構(gòu)和要用的固定詞組,然后按照正確的語序完成句子。不僅考查學(xué)生的語言基本功,即對詞匯的記憶能力和理解能力,還考查學(xué)生在具體的語境中靈活運用詞匯知識和語法知識的能力。

1benefit from

考查benefit的用法。某人受益于,為固定搭配,可譯為“benefit from”。本句中缺少謂語動詞。本句敘述的是一個客觀事實,故用一般過去時,故用benefit from。

2getting away with

考查固定搭配。get away with為固定搭配,意為“get away with 逃避懲罰,僥幸做成”。分析句子可知,本句中考查的have sb. doing,意為“讓某人一直做某事”,因此本句填 getting away with。

3keep the balance of

考查固定搭配。保持…..的平衡,可譯為“keep the balance of”。本句中做to的動詞不定式,要用動詞原形,故用keep the balance of。

4was cut down

考查謂語動詞的時態(tài)與語態(tài)。分析句子可知缺少謂語動詞,漢語為“被奪去….”所以要用被動,cut down有“殺死”之意,根據(jù)句意可知要用一般過去時,故填was cut down。

5had their lights burning

考查固定搭配。根據(jù)句意可知,“讓….一直發(fā)生”,可譯為“have sth./sb. doing ”因此本句講述過去的事,要用一般過去時,“讓燈一直亮著”可譯為“had their lights burning”。

have+賓語+現(xiàn)在分詞

該結(jié)構(gòu)中的現(xiàn)在分詞用作賓語補足語,其中的have為使役動詞。該結(jié)構(gòu)的主要用法有:

①表示使()某人(某事物)一直做在做某事或處于做某事的狀態(tài)之中。如:

Within minutes he had the whole audience laughing and clapping. 沒出幾分鐘他就讓全體聽眾笑起來,鼓起掌來。

②表示容忍或允許某人做某事(用于否定句,尤與 won’t, can’t連用)。如:

He won’t have boys arriving late. 他不允許孩子們遲到。

I won’t have you smoking at your age. 我不能讓你在這個年紀(jì)就抽煙。

③說服或命令某人做某事。如:

He had me doing all kinds of jobs for her. 他叫我為她做各種事情。

6earn her living

考查固定詞組。earn one’s living ,為固定搭配,意為“謀生!used to do,為過去常常,因此,填earn her living。

7deep in debt

考查固定搭配。負(fù)債累累,英語為“ deep in debt”,因此填deep in debt。

8Don’t you think

考查反問句。根據(jù)第二句可知,本句用一般現(xiàn)在時,因此難道你不認(rèn)為可譯為“ Don’t you think”。

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