Question

【題目】Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word. For the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

The impact of smoke screen on adolescents

The study began by recruiting over 2,600 US school children aged 10 to 14 who had never smoked. Each child was then asked if they had watched any of 50 movies randomly 【1】(select) from 601 box office hits. The number of occurrences of smoking in each film was recorded.

When followed up one to two years later, 10 percent of the children had tried 【2】(smoke). The children in the top quarter of exposure to movie smoking were 2.7 times more likely to have tried a cigarette than 【3】 in the lowest quarter of exposure. This effect was independent of other factors that might influence the child’s smoking behavior, such as friends or family smoking.

“If provides more evidence 【4】 movies have a strong impact on adolescents,” says Dalton, an expert in cancer risk behavior in children. “Previous studies suggested that smoking in movies 【5】(influence) adolescent smoking behavior, but this is the first study to show that viewing smoking in movies predicts 【6】will start smoking in the future.”

Dalton says a previous study by the team showed that children were more likely to smoke 【7】 their favorite actor smoked. “We know from past studies it’s very rare for smoking to be portrayed in a negative light. Smokers in movies tend to be tough guys or sexy, rebellious women, which appeals to adolescents,” she told New Scientist.

Movies which depict smoking 【8】 be given an adult rating or “R rating” in the US, suggests Glantz, which would mean that children under 17 could not see the film 【9】 a parent. An R rating for smoking in movies would prevent about 330 adolescents in the US from starting to smoke and ultimately 【10】(extend) 170 lives every day,” he writes.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】selected

【2】smoking

【3】those

【4】that

【5】influenced

【6】who

【7】if

【8】should

【9】without

【10】extend

【解析】

本文是一篇說明文，介紹了屏幕里的吸煙鏡頭對青少年的影響。

【1】考查非謂語動詞，句意：然后，研究人員詢問每個孩子是否看過從601部票房大片中隨機挑選的50部電影。movies 與select之間是邏輯上的動賓關系，表示被動，用過去分詞做后置定語，故填selected。

【2】考查非謂語動詞。句意：實驗追蹤這些青少年，1-2年之后發(fā)現(xiàn)，十分之一都曾試過抽煙，try doing sth.表示“嘗試做”，故填smoking。

【3】考查代詞。句意：研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，接觸電影中吸煙鏡頭最多的四分之一的兒童嘗試吸煙的可能性是接觸電影中吸煙鏡頭最少的四分之一的兒童的2.7倍。所在句子中主語是the children, 此處為比較狀語從句，than后面應該是跟主語相同的詞，因此填指示代詞，指代those children，故填those。

【4】考查同位語從句。句意：如果能提供更多的證據(jù)證明電影對青少年有很大的影響。此處為同位語從句，解釋說明evidence的內容，空格后面的句子成分完整，因此用that僅起連接作用，無實義，故填that。

【5】考查時態(tài)。句意：先前的研究表明，電影中的吸煙鏡頭會影響青少年的吸煙行為，但這是第一項研究表明看到電影中的吸煙鏡頭可以預測未來誰會開始吸煙。句子中的主語previous studies可以看出謂語動詞應為一般過去時態(tài)，故填influenced。

【6】考查賓語從句。句意同上，分析句子結構可知，此處為賓語從句，關系詞在從句中作主語，從句中的start smoking表明從句的主語是人，故填who。

【7】考查狀語從句。句意：道爾頓說，該研究小組先前的一項研究表明，如果孩子們最喜歡的演員吸煙，他們更容易吸煙。通過從句中的時態(tài)以及likely可以看出是if引導的條件狀語從句，表示“如果”，故填if。

【8】考查情態(tài)動詞。句意：格蘭茨建議，在美國，含有吸煙鏡頭的電影應該被評為成人級或“R級”。根據(jù)后面的“be given”和語境可以看出此空為情態(tài)動詞，表示“應該”，故填should。

【9】考查介詞。句意：這意味著17歲以下的青少年沒有父母的陪同不能看這類電影。通過前文語意可以看出，R級電影是未成年人不能單獨觀看的，需要父母在場陪同，而空格前是否定could not，故填without。

【10】考查動詞原形。句意：他寫道：“對電影中的吸煙進行R級評定，可以防止美國約330名青少年開始吸煙，并最終每天延長170人的壽命”。通過并列連詞and和謂語would prevent可以看出此空填動詞原形，故填extend。