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"Colour" and "color","favourite" and "favorite"... Have you ever wondered why Americans spell those words without a "u"? Is it because they are lazy?
Of course not. In fact,the difference in spelling was created by Noah Webster (1758-1843). He is a teacher who reformed English to make American identity stronger. Linguists (語言學家) celebrated his 250th birthday on October 16. After the Revolutionary War (1775~ 1783),Webster believed that Americans should have their own dictionary,rather than rely on British versions (版本). He dropped the British "u" in some words. And he changed "centre" into "center" for children to learn English by spelling words more like they sounded.
Webster wasn't shy about expressing his opinions. In defining (定義) preposterous (unreasonable),he wrote: "A republican government in the hands of females is preposterous."
Webster spent 28 years on the project before completing the 70,000-word dictionary in 1828 with his American-style spellings. He also added local words. His dictionary was widely used in schools. Linguists believed it helped a new nation achieve unity and cultural independence at a time when most were focused on political freedom.
"He was the shaper of our language and the shaper of American identity,"said Joshua Kendall,who is working on a biography (傳記) about Webster. "He at last bonded (聯合)us through our language."
小題1:Which of the following would probably be the best title for the passage?
A.The shaper of American English.
B.American identity.
C.Webster's dictionary.
D.Spelling differences between American and British English.
小題2:According to the passage,when he worked on his dictionary, Noah Webster did all of the following EXCEPT        .
A.voicing his opinion B.changing "centre" into "center"
C.adding local words D.dropping "u" in all the British words
小題3:Which of the following word can best describe Noah Webster’s work?
A.Interesting. B.Meaningful. C.Unfinished. D.Boring.
小題4:Why did Noah Webster create these differences in his dictionary?
A.Because he wanted to make English simple and easy.
B.Because he wanted to show that the USA is stronger than the UK.
C.Because he wanted to achieve political freedom.
D.Because he wanted American English to have its own characteristics.
小題5:When did Noah Webster probably begin his project of the dictionary?
A.In 1758. B.In 1783. C.In 1800.D.In 1828.

小題1:A
小題2:D
小題3:B
小題4:D
小題5:C 

試題分析:文章介紹了Noah Webster希望美式英語有自己的特點而改變美式英語的故事。
小題1:主旨題:文章介紹了Noah Webster 如何改變美式英語的,最后一段對他的評價是He was the shaper of our language and the shaper of American identity ,所以選A
小題2:細節(jié)題:文章第二,三,四段提到ABC的內容,D項是錯誤的,因為只有部分單詞的u被去掉了。選D。
小題3:推理題:從第四段的句子:His dictionary was widely used in schools. Linguists believed it helped a new nation achieve unity and cultural independence at a time when most were focused on political freedom. 可知Webster的工作是很有意義的。選B。
小題4:推理題:從第二段的句子:He is a teacher who reformed English to make American identity stronger.可知是希望美式英語有自己的特點。選D
小題5:推理題:文章第二段的時間After the Revolutionary War (1775~ 1783)可知答案是C
點評:文章篇幅較短,內容易懂,除了細節(jié)題和主旨題,主要考查了推理題,注重綜合語言能力的運用,結合語境,做出準確的判斷。
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Truman entered a minute later. He immediately called the White House. As he talked, his face became white. He put down the phone and raced out of the door to his car.
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B.Truman was at the center of all the action
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In the evening when her 37 came home, she told him what had happened. "Go tell them I am home and invite them in!" The woman went out and invited the men in. "We do not go into a 38 together," they replied. "Why is that?" she asked.
One of the old men gave an 39 that their names were Wealth, 40 and Love. Then he added, "Now go in and 41 with your husband which one of us you want in your home."
The woman went in and told her husband what was said. Her husband was 42and he suggested inviting Wealth to fill their home with money,talking and laughing.“With riches,we buy new houses,expensive furniture,and colourful clothing. We will look much better in the eyes of both ourselves and our neighbours ”he said. And his wife wanted to invite Health; but their daughter-in-law 43 they should invite Love so that their home would be full of warmth. “With that,we will feel much better in our family and our neighbourhood as well. That’s of more importance.”she argued. 44 the husband said to his wife. "Go out and invite Love to be our guest."
The woman 45 and asked the three old men, "Which one of you is Love? Please come in and be our guest."
Love 46 and started walking toward the house.
The other two also got up and followed him. Surprised, the lady asked Wealth and Health: "I only invited Love, Why are you coming in?"
The old men replied 47: "If you had invited Wealth or Health, the other two of us would have stayed out, but since you invited Love, wherever He goes, we go with him. Wherever there is Love, there is also Wealth and Health!"
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A.frightenedB.starvingC.upsetD.confused
小題2:
A.friendB.adolescentC.husbandD.daughter-in-law
小題3:
A.HouseB.DinnerC.SystemD.Scene
小題4:
A.performanceB.approvalC.argumentD.explanation.
小題5:
A.SuccessB.CashC.HealthD.Recovery
小題6:
A.discussB.defendC.exchangeD.challenge
小題7:
A.selfishB.overjoyedC.upsetD.energetic
小題8:
A.informedB.suggested C.worriedD.included
小題9:At the beginning.    B.Somehow       C.As a matter of factD.At last
小題10:
A.went outB.came in C.stayed outD.went in
小題11:
A.stayed up B.got upC.mixed upD.looked up
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                                       D
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The Hotshots are firefighters who battle fires in wildness areas. But don’t think you’ll only find them in their home state California. Wherever there is a national wildfire emergency, the Golden Eagles Hotshots could be there.
But these firefighters don’t work the same way as firefighters in a big city. They work in areas where there are a large number of trees, bushes, and grass. They climb up and down steep hills to clear brush and burnable debris(殘骸). They sometimes use water, but they often fight fire with fire!
They do that by lighting what are called “backfires,” which are small, controlled fires that burn up fuel in the path of large wildfires. That way, when the wildfire gets there, it has nothing to burn and nowhere to go, because all the burnable fuel has already gone up in smoke.
The Hotshots also clear away fuel using old-fashioned hard work. For example, they use a saw to cut away trees and heavy brush that could catch fire.
Of course there are times when the Golden Eagles Hotshots do have trucks to supply water to the fires. But the water is limited, and these guys have to rely on hard work more than anything. Physical fitness is very important. They have to be in great physical shape to handle steep hills and difficult terrain(地形) while carrying a 60-pound pack.
The Golden Eagles Hotshots definitely work hard for their pay. But thanks to their efforts, many lives have been saved, many houses have not burned, and countless trees are still standing.
小題1:67. The firefighters mentioned in the passenger. 
A.do much of their work in California
B.avoid climbing steep hills in their work
C.do their work equipped with advanced tools.
D.carry out their work mostly in forests and mountains.
小題2:68. According to the passage, why do the firefighters light “backfires”?
A.To signal for help.B.To remove obstacles.
C.To protect trees and bushes.D.To prevent the fire from spreading.
小題3:69. What can we learn about the Golden Eagles Hotshots?
A.They are firefighters working in big cities.
B.Their work requires physical strength.
C.They are voluntary firefighters working for free.
D.They usually hold a hose to put out the fires.
小題4:70. What is the author’s attitude towards the Golden Eagles Hotshots?
A.AppreciativeB.DoubtfulC.WorriedD.Critical

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科目:高中英語 來源:不詳 題型:閱讀理解

Frank Woolworth was born in Rodman, New York, in 1852. His family were very poor farmers, and there was never enough to eat. Frank did not want to be a farmer. He took a short business course, and went to work as a salesman in a large city.
Woolworth realized he had a natural skill for showing goods to attract people’s interest, but he soon learned something more important. One day his boss told him to sell some odds and ends(小商品)for as much as he could get. Frank put all these things on one table with a sign which said “FIVE CENTS EACH’. People fought and pushed to buy the things and the table was soon cleared.
Soon afterwards, Woolworth opened his own store, selling goods at five and ten cents. But he had another lesson to learn before he became successful. That is, if you want to make money by selling low-price goods, you have to buy them in large quantities directly from the factories. Once, for example, Woolworth went to Germany and placed an order for knives. The order was so large that the factory had to keep running 24 hours a day for a whole year. In this way, the price of the knives was cut down by half.
By 1919, Woolworth had over 1000 stores in the US and Canada, and opened his first store in London. He made many millions and his name became famous throughout the world. He always ran his business according to strict rules, of which the most important was : ‘THE CUSTOMER IS ALWAYS RIGHT.”
小題1:Frank took a short business course in order to __________.
A.earn more money for his family
B.learn something from a salesman
C.get away from the farm
D.get enough to eat
小題2:Frank sold the odds and ends quickly because ________.
A.he knew how to get people to buy his goods
B.he cut down the price by half
C.he had put the goods on a table in a very nice way
D.the sign he put on the table was well designed
小題3: The price of the knives was cut down by half because _________.
A.the factory workers worked 24 hours a day
B.knives were ordered in large quantities directly from the factory
C.the knives were made in German, where labour was cheap
D.the knives were produced in one factory
小題4:__________  make Woolworth a world-famous man.
A.His business skills and his wealth
B.The low price of the goods he sold
C.His trip to Germany and his huge order of knives
D.His natural skill for showing things
小題5:The belief that “The customer is always right” suggests that __________.
A.whenever there is a quarrel between the customer and shop assistant, the customers are always right.
B.If you want to succeed, the rule is the only way
C.stores must always follow the customer’s orders if they want to make more money
D.stores should do their best to meet the customer’s needs if they want to be successful

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