Question

Happiness pays off, studies show.

Psychologists seeking the real secrets of happiness report that very happy people tend to be more extroverted and agreeable than less happy people.

“Our findings suggest that very happy people have rich and satisfying social relationships and spend little time alone compared to average people,” write psychologists Ed Diener and Martin E. P. Seligman in the journal Psychological Science.

Solid social relationships do not promise happiness, but they are an important contributing factor. The very happy people whom the authors studied all said they had good quality social relationships. However, the authors write, there is no single key to high happiness. “High happiness seems to be like beautiful symphonic music--including many instruments, without any one being enough for the beautiful quality.”

Diener regards happiness as “subjective (主觀的) well?being”--in other words, the person evaluates his or her own quality of life. The question to ask is, “Is my life going well, according to the standards I choose to use?” If the answer is “yes”, then that person is judged to be happy.

Because people evaluate their lives based on happiness, subjective well?being is very important. Though necessary, it is not enough for having a good life. “Subjective well?being seems quite necessary for the ‘good society’, although it is not enough for that society because there are other things we also value and would want in such a place.” says Diener.

Can subjective well?being be measured scientificall? Diener points out three parts contributing to happiness: pleasant emotions and moods, lack of negative emotions and moods, and satisfaction judgment, to which other factors including cheerfulness and feelings of fulfillment may be added.

There is no magic formula for happiness. Diener suggests steps you can take to ensure you are as happy as you can be. Surrounding yourself with good friends and family--people who care about you and whom you care about--is a start. Joining in activities you enjoy and value is also important; whether it’s work or play, keeping busy in an environment enjoyable to you will contribute much to your subjective well?being. In addition, a healthy outlook is necessary.

1.The underlined word “extroverted” probably means________.

A. pleasant and social B. hard?working and active

C. careful and shy D. warm?hearted and helpful

2.Happiness and symphonic music are common in that________.

A. they are both something beautiful

B. they both make people feel pleased

C. they both depend on more than one factor

D. they are both hard to achieve

3.According to Diener, a person can be judged to be happy when he________.

A. has rich and satisfying social relationships

B. spends more time with other people

C. joins in a lot of activities he enjoys and keeps himself optimistic

D. thinks his life is going well according to his own standards

4.Which of the following does NOT belong to factors contributing to happiness?

A. Pleasant moods.

B. Negative emotions.

C. Satisfaction judgment.

D. Feelings of fulfillment.

Answer 1

1.A

2.C

3.D

4.B

【解析】

試題分析：文章主要講的是幸福感。有研究顯示，感到幸福的人比不太幸福的人更善于交際、更易于相處。幸福感是由很多因素共同起作用而產(chǎn)生的，它是人們對生活的一種主觀感覺。

1.1】猜測詞義題。根據(jù)第二段“very happy people have rich and satisfying social relationships and spend little time alone”可知，幸福的人有著良好的人際關(guān)系，他們善于交際，故選A。

2.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“there is no single key to high happiness...including many instruments, without any one being enough for the beautiful quality”可知，幸福感是由多種因素共同起作用而產(chǎn)生的，就像許多樂器共同演奏出的交響樂一樣，故選C。

3.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Diener regards happiness as “subjective (主觀的) well?being”...“Is my life going well, according to the standards I choose to use?” If the answer is “yes”, then that person is judged to be happy.”可知，幸福感具有主觀性，按照自己設(shè)定的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)來評判，如果一個人的生活進展得很順利，那么他就是幸福的，故選D。

4.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Diener points out three parts contributing to happiness: pleasant emotions and moods, lack of negative emotions and moods, and satisfaction judgment...cheerfulness and feelings of fulfillment”可知，導(dǎo)致幸福感的因素有：愉快的情緒、沒有消極情緒、滿足感和成就感，故選B。

考點：社會類短文閱讀