Bananas are one of the world’s most important food crops. They are also one of the most valuable exports. Bananas do not grow from seeds. Instead, they grow from existing plants. Bananas are threatened by disease because all the plants on a farm are copies of each other. They all share the same genetic weaknesses. For example, the Cavendish banana is most popular in North American and European markets. However, some kinds of fungus organisms easily infect the Cavendish. Black Sigatoka disease affects the leaves of Cavendish banana plants. The disease is controlled on large farms by putting chemicals on the plants’ leaves. Farmers put anti-fungal chemicals on their crops up to once a week.
Another fungal disease is more serious. Panama disease attacks the roots of the banana plants. There is no chemical treatment for this disease. Infected plants must be destroyed. Panama disease has affected crops in Southeast Asia, Australia and South Africa. There is concern that it may spread to bananas grown in the Americas. This could threaten an important export product for Central and South America.
The International Network for the Improvement of Banana and Plantain supports research on bananas. The group has headquarters in France and other offices in the major banana-growing areas of the world. The group says that more research must be done to develop improved kinds of bananas. The group says that fungal diseases mainly affect only one kind of banana. In fact, there are five hundred different kinds of bananas. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations has said that the Cavendish banana represents only 10% of world production.
The U. N. agency says farmers should grow different kinds of bananas. This protects against diseases that affect only one kind. Experts warn that disease may cause the Cavendish banana to disappear. This happened earlier to another popular banana because of its genetic weakness against disease.
1.What does this passage mainly tell us?
A. Bananas are the world’s most important food crops.
B. The risk to a popular banana shows need to grow other kinds.
C. There are five hundred different kinds of bananas.
D. How to grow bananas in different countries.
2.Bananas are threatened by disease because .
A. they grow from seeds
B. they are one of the most valuable exports
C. the only way to prevent it is to put chemicals on their leaves
D. they have genetic weaknesses against disease
3. Panama disease .
A. doesn’t belong to fungal disease
B. affects the leaves of banana plants
C. destroys bananas more seriously than Black Sigatoka disease
D. has spread to bananas all over the world
4. We can infer from Paragraph 3 that .
A. the center of the group is in the US
B. the Cavendish banana covers only a small part of the yield of bananas
C. the key to solving the disease is to research all kinds of bananas
D. each fungal disease affects five hundred different kinds of bananas
1.B
2.D
3.C
4.B
【解析】
【文章大意】香蕉由于遺傳性的抗病弱點, 在不久的將來有的品種可能會消失。文章列舉了兩種威脅Cavendish香蕉的真菌病, 國際組織建議農(nóng)民種植更多種類的香蕉。
1.選B。主旨大意題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容和結(jié)構(gòu)判斷, 文章主要介紹威脅Cavendish香蕉的真菌類疾病, 進而顯示出種植其他種類香蕉的必要性。故答案為B。
2.2】選D。細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段內(nèi)容可知, 香蕉易受病害威脅是因為其遺傳上的抗病弱點。后文也有敘述。
3.3】選C。細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段前兩句可知A項錯誤; 根據(jù)第二段第二句可知這種疾病威脅香蕉作物的根部, B項錯誤; 根據(jù)第二段后三句可知, 這種香蕉疾病已影響到東南亞、澳大利亞和南非, 有可能傳播到美洲, D項錯誤。由文章前兩段分別對兩種真菌病的描述可知, C項正確。
4.4】選B。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“The group has headquarters in France”可知其中心位于法國, A項錯誤; 根據(jù)第三段第三句可知, 應對這種疾病的辦法是培育改良品種, 而不是研究所有的品種, C項錯誤; 根據(jù)第三段第四句可知D項錯誤。由第三段最后一句可判斷B項正確。
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