【題目】Laozi was a Chinese philosopher who came from a village in the southern state of Chu. He is considered 【1】 (be)the father the philosophy called Taoism.

Laozi【2】(serve)in the Zhou capital for a long time before he became unhappy with the dishonest political situation and decided to resign. As he was passing through【3】Hangu Pass, the gate-keeper stopped him and asked him to write down a book of his【4】(teach). Laozi then composed a book of five thousand saying, 【5】(describe)the idea of the Tao and Te. This book was later known【6】the Tao Te Ching.

The Tao Te Ching stresses non-action (wu wei), which means the absence of aggressive action. In other words, man should not strive(奮斗)for wealth or fame, and violence is to【7】(avoid). This peaceful way of life was extremely【8】(influence)in later periods and led to the development of a particular Taoist way of living. 【9】included special breathing exercises and special eating habits【10】were designed to keep calm.

【答案】

【1】to be

【2】had served

【3】rhe

【4】teaching

【5】describing

【6】as

【7】be avoided

【8】influential

【9】It

【10】that/which

【解析】本文主要講述了老子寫成道德經(jīng)的過程，并且概述了道德經(jīng)的內(nèi)容及其主要思想，最后表明了這種思想帶給人們的影響及其作用 。

【1】此句意為他被認(rèn)為是道家的哲學(xué)之父。被認(rèn)為是被動(dòng)語態(tài)，considered 的被動(dòng)語態(tài)是be considered to be，故填to be 。

【2】此句意為老子在對不誠實(shí)的政治狀況感到不滿決定辭職之前為周的首都服務(wù)了很久。此處的老子服務(wù)為過去完成的事情，所以用過去完成時(shí)，即had done 。故填had served 。

【3】此句意為當(dāng)他通過漢沽關(guān)口時(shí),門衛(wèi)攔住了他。此處的漢沽關(guān)口是特指老子當(dāng)時(shí)通過的那個(gè)，所以應(yīng)該用定冠詞the ,故填the。

【4】此句意為要求他寫一本他的教學(xué)書。此處的教學(xué)為動(dòng)詞，與老子之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故填teaching 。

【5】此句意為老子又寫了一本五千字的書,描述了道和特的思想。此處的書和描述是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故填describing。

【6】此句意為這本書后來被稱為道德經(jīng)而著名。此處的be known as 意為作為......而著稱。故填as 。

【7】此句意為應(yīng)該避免暴力。此處的暴力與避免是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以應(yīng)該用avoid的被動(dòng)形式，故填be avoided 。

【8】此句意為這種和平的生活方式在以后的時(shí)期極有影響,并導(dǎo)致了特定的道教生活方式的發(fā)展。此處的副詞extremely修飾形容詞，所以應(yīng)該用influence 的形容詞形式influential。

【9】此句意為它包括特殊的呼吸練習(xí)和特殊的飲食習(xí)慣。此處的它代表前文的This peaceful way of life ，故填it 。

【10】此句意為是為了保持鎮(zhèn)靜而設(shè)計(jì)的。此句為that 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，故填that或者which 。

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