【題目】閱讀下面材料, 在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(一個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

All scientists subscribe to the view that the increase in the earth’s temperature is 【1】 to the burning of fossil fuels like coal, natural gas and oil to 2 (production) energy. Some byproducts of this process are called “greenhouse” gases, the most important one of 3 is carbon dioxide. Dr Janice Foster explains: “There is a natural phenomenon that scientists call the ‘greenhouse 4 ’ (effective). This is 5 small amounts of gases in the atmosphere, like carbon dioxide, methane and water vapour trap heat from the sun and 6 warm the earth. 7 the ‘greenhouse effect’, the earth would be about thirty-three degrees Celsius 8 (cool) than it is. So, we need those gases. The problem begins when we add huge quantities of extra carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. It means that more heat energy tends 9 (trap) in the atmosphere 【10 (cause) the global temperature to to up.”

【答案】

【1】due/owing

【2】produce

【3】which

【4】effect

【5】when

【6】therefore

【7】Without

【8】cooler

【9】to be trapped

【10】causing

【解析】

試題分析:本文講的是地球的變暖會(huì)給人類(lèi)帶來(lái)什么影響。

【1】due/owing 固定搭配:due to/owing to由于……,故填due/owing。

【2】produce 句意:地球溫度的增長(zhǎng)將產(chǎn)生能量。 be+to do sth.表示將要做某事,故此處填動(dòng)詞,與前面的to構(gòu)成動(dòng)詞不動(dòng)式。

【3】which “greenhouse” gases先行詞,指物,后面是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,從句缺少引導(dǎo)詞,介詞后面指物用which,故填which。

【4】effect 句意:科學(xué)家稱(chēng)這種現(xiàn)象叫“溫室效應(yīng)”根據(jù)句意可知此處用名詞,故填effect。

【5】when 句意:這種現(xiàn)象發(fā)生在大氣層中,這時(shí)候少量的氣體(二氧化碳、甲烷、水蒸氣等)吸收太陽(yáng)的熱量,因而使地球變暖的時(shí)候。此處是一個(gè)表語(yǔ)從句,從句缺少引導(dǎo)詞,根據(jù)句意可知用when。

【6】therefore 根據(jù)句意:因而使地球變暖的時(shí)候。故填therefore(因此)。

【7】Without 句意:如果沒(méi)有這種溫室效應(yīng),地球的溫度將比現(xiàn)在還要低。故填介詞Without。

【8】cooler 句意:如果沒(méi)有這種溫室效應(yīng),地球的溫度將比現(xiàn)在還要低。此處用形容詞的比較級(jí),故填cooler。

【9】to be trapped 句意:這意味著更多的熱量被困在大氣層中,從而引起全球溫度上升。tend to傾向,根據(jù)句意可知用動(dòng)詞不定式一般式的被動(dòng)式,所以填to be trapped。

【10】causing 句意:這意味著更多的熱量被困在大氣層中,從而引起全球溫度上升。根據(jù)句意可知是現(xiàn)在分詞自然的結(jié)果狀語(yǔ),故填causing。

【名師點(diǎn)撥】

介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句

當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作介詞賓語(yǔ)時(shí),我們通常用“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。如果指“人”,用“介詞+whom”;如果指“物”,用“介詞+which”。例如:Do you know the lady with whom our manager is talking in the office?Where is the supermarket in which you bought the laptop last week?

使用“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”中,介詞的依據(jù):

(1) 根據(jù)定語(yǔ)從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的搭配習(xí)慣(即固定短語(yǔ))。例如:

Yesterday we visited the West Lake for which Hangzhou is famous.

(2) 根據(jù)先行詞的搭配習(xí)慣(約定俗成,不一定是短語(yǔ))。例如:

The old woman with whom you talked just now is a famous artist.

(3) 根據(jù)句子的意思來(lái)選擇。例如:

The naughty boy made a hole in the wall through which he could see what is happening outside.

(4) 表示“所有”關(guān)系或“整體中的一部分”時(shí),通常用介詞of。例如:

I have about 20 books, half of which were written by Bing Xin, the famous writer.

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