Question

Men and women are still treated unequally in the workplace. Women continue to earn less, on average, for the same performance. Research has shown that both conscious(有意識的) and subconscious biases (偏見) contribute to this problem. But we’ve discovered another source of inequality: Women often don’t get what they want and deserve because they don’t ask for it. In three separate studies, we found that men are more likely than women to negotiate for what they want.
The first study found that the starting salaries of male MBAs who had recently graduated from Carnegie Mellon were 7.6%, or almost $4,000, higher on average than those of female MBAs from the same program. That’s because most of the women had simply accepted the employer’s salary offer; in fact, only 7% had attempted to negotiate. But 57% of their male counterparts--or eight times as many men as women—had asked for more.
Another study tested this gender difference in the lab. Subjects were told that they would be observed playing a word game and that they would be paid between $3 and $10 for playing. After each subject completed the task, an experimenter thanked the participant and said, “Here’s $3. Is $3 OK?” For the men, it was not OK, and they said so. Their requests for more money are nine times as many as the women’s.
The largest of the three studies surveyed several hundred people over the Internet, asking them about the most recent negotiations they’d attempted or started and when they expected to negotiate next. The study showed that men place themselves in negotiation situations much more often than women do.
There are several reasons accounting for the phenomenon. First, women often are taught from an early age not to promote their own interests and to focus instead on the needs of others. The messages girls receive—from parents, teachers, other children, the media, and society in general—can be so powerful that when they grow up they may not realize that they’ve made this behavior part of them, or they may realize it but not understand how it affects their willingness to negotiate. Women tend to think that they will be recognized and rewarded for working hard and doing a good job. Unlike men, they haven’t been taught that they can ask for more.
小題1:According to this passage, what causes the inequality in the workplace?

A．social bias

B．women’s poorer working ability

C．women’s worse academic background

D．women’s less negotiating

小題2:Which can be the result of the following survey, according to Para 4?
 
When do you expect to negotiate next?
小題3:Which of the following statements is NOT true?

A．Women are more likely to accept the employer’s salary offer.

B．Men tend to ask for more money than woman.

C．Women care more about other’s interest instead of themselves’.

D．Men believe that the better they work, the better they’re paid.

小題4:What will be discussed in the following paragraph?

A．The suggestions given to women.

B．The warnings to men.

C．Another reason for women’s not asking.

D．Another reason for men’s asking.

Answer 1

小題1:D
小題2:A
小題3:D
小題4:C

試題分析：不管是有意的還是無意的，在工作場所仍然存在著男女不平等的現(xiàn)象，同等情況下，女士的報酬要低一些。但是通過調(diào)查，研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)婦女沒有得到她們應(yīng)該得到的待遇，究其原因和她們自身不去要求，不去洽談有關(guān)。
小題1:D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段we’ve discovered another source of inequality:…… because they don’t ask for it. 以及we found that men are more likely than women to negotiate for what they want.可知婦女受到不平等待遇的原因之一是因為她們不去提出要求，不去協(xié)商，故答案選D。
小題2:A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段末句The study showed that men place themselves in negotiation situations much more often than women do.可知男士比女士更經(jīng)常去洽談自己的待遇等問題，而圖表A反映出的信息是絕大多數(shù)女士希望在四周內(nèi)去進(jìn)行協(xié)商，而男士卻希望在一周內(nèi)去進(jìn)行洽談，恰好能夠反映此方面內(nèi)容，故答案選A。
小題3:D從文章末段末句Unlike men, they haven’t been taught that they can ask for more. 可知女士們都認(rèn)為努力工作自然就會得到認(rèn)可，就會有好的回報，不像男孩子一樣，她們沒有被教給要自己去要求，自己去爭取，由此可知男士們并不認(rèn)為自己工作做的好報酬自然就會高，故D選項內(nèi)容錯誤。
小題4:C推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段There are several reasons accounting for the phenomenon. First…. 可知作者提出有幾種原因來解釋這種現(xiàn)象，但是末段只提到了第一種，由此推斷在下面段落中作者還將介紹其他的原因，故答案選C。