4.Teaching is more than leadership.Some of the teacher's time and effort is directed toward instruction,some toward evaluation.But it is the teacher as a group leader who creates an effective organizational structure (結(jié)構(gòu)) and good working environment so that instruction and evaluation activities can take place.A group that is totally disorganized,unclear about its goals,or constantly fighting among its members will not be a good learning group.The leadership pattern includes helping to form and maintain a positive learning environment so that instruction and evaluation activities can take place.
On the first day of class,the teacher faces a room filled with individuals (個體).Perhaps a few closely united groups and friendships already exist.But there is no sense of group unity,no set of rules for conduct in the group,no feeling of belonging.If teachers are successful leaders,they will help students develop a system of relationships that encourages working together.
Standards and rules must be set to keep order,make sure of justice and protect individual rights,but do not contradict school policy.What happens when one student hurts another's individual rights?Without clear regulations agreeable to the students and teachers,the classroom can become chaotic.Students may break rules they did not know existed.If standards are set without participation from the class,students may spend a great deal of creative energy in destroying the class environment or finding ways to break rules.
No matter how skillful the teacher is in uniting students and creating a positive atmosphere,the task is never complete.Regular maintenance is necessary.Conflicts arise.The needs of individual members change.A new kind of learning task requires a new organizational structure.Sometimes outside pressures such as holidays,upcoming tests or sport competitions,or family troubles cause stress in the classroom.One task for the teacher is to recreate a positive environment by helping students deal with conflict,change,and stress.

43.The underlined word"maintain"in Para.1 probably meansA.
A.conserve
B.build
C.recreate
D.evaluate
44.According to the author,the teacher shouldC.
A.free students from outside pressures
B.set the standards and rules on his own
C.be responsible for a well-organized class
D.focus more on instruction and evaluation
45.From the passage we can learn thatD.
A.rules cannot be changed once they're formed
B.outside pressures may not cause tension among students
C.if the teacher well unites his students,he then will finish his task
D.if rules are not acceptable both to students and teachers,the classroom can be a mess
46.What is the author's main purpose of writing the passage?A
A.To provide information for teaching.
B.To show the importance of teaching a class.
C.To study the teacher's behavior in the classroom.
D.To compare the teacher's behavior with the students'in class.

分析 教育所包含的內(nèi)容遠(yuǎn)甚于領(lǐng)導(dǎo)關(guān)系.有些老師將時間和經(jīng)歷花在訓(xùn)導(dǎo)方面,另外一些花在評估方面.正是作為組內(nèi)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者的老師才能為訓(xùn)導(dǎo)和評估活動創(chuàng)造有效率的組織結(jié)構(gòu)和良好的工作環(huán)境.

解答 43-46 ACDA
43:A.詞義猜測題.helping to form and maintain a positive learning environment幫助形成并保持一種積極的學(xué)習(xí)環(huán)境,maintain保持,故選A.
44:A.細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)第一段"But it is the teacher as a group leader who creates an effective organizational structure and good working environment"可知,創(chuàng)造一種有效的組織結(jié)構(gòu)和良好的學(xué)習(xí)環(huán)境是老師的職責(zé)所在,故選C.
45:D.細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)第三段"Without clear regulations agreeable to the students and teachers,the classroom can become chaotic."可知,沒有明確的針對老師和學(xué)生的規(guī)定,教室會變得一片混亂.故選D.
46:A.寫作意圖題.根據(jù)"Teaching is more than leadership…On the first day of class,the teacher faces a room filled with individuals…One task for the teacher is to recreate a positive environment by helping students deal with conflict,change,and stress."可知,文章講的是,教師如何做好教學(xué)工作,管理好學(xué)生,故選A.

點評 解答細(xì)節(jié)理解題時,一個常用的方法就是運用定位法,即根據(jù)題干和選項中的關(guān)鍵詞從原文中找到相關(guān)的句子,與選項進行比較從而確定答案;推理判斷題既要求學(xué)生透過文章表面文字信息推測文章隱含意思,又要求學(xué)生對作者的態(tài)度、意圖及文章細(xì)節(jié)的發(fā)展作正確的推理判斷,力求從作者的角度去考慮,不要固守自己的看法或觀點

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