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A few degrees can make a big difference when it comes to food storage. Foods can go bad if they get too warm. But for many of the world’s poor, finding a good way to keep food cool is difficult. Refrigerators are costly and they need electricity.
Yet spoiled food not only creates health risks but also economic losses. Farmers lose money when they have to throw away products that they cannot sell quickly.
But in nineteen ninety-five a teacher in northern Nigeria named Mohammed Bah Abba found a solution. He developed the “Pot-in-Pot Preservation/Cooling System.” It uses two round containers made of clay. A smaller pot is placed inside a larger one. The space between the two pots is filled with wet sand. The inner pot can be filled with fruit, vegetables or drinks. A wet cloth covers the whole cooling system.
Food stored in the smaller pot is kept from spoiling through a simple evaporation(蒸發(fā)) process. Water in the sand between the two pots evaporates through the surface of the larger pot, where drier outside air is moving.
The evaporation process creates a drop in temperature of several degrees. This cools the inner pot and helps keep food safe from harmful bacteria. Some foods can be kept fresh this way for several weeks.
People throughout Nigeria began using the invention. And it became popular with farmers in other African countries. Mohammed Bah Abba personally financed the first five thousand pot-in-pot systems for his own community and five villages nearby.
In two thousand, the Rolex Watch Company of Switzerland honored him with the Rolex Award for Enterprise. This award recognizes people trying to develop projects aimed at improving human knowledge and well-being. A committee considers projects in science and medicine, technology, exploration and discovery, the environment and cultural history. Winners receive financial assistance to help develop and extend their projects.
小題1:Which is the best title of the passage?
A．A Few Degrees can Make a Big Difference for Storage
B． A Cool Way to Keep Food from Spoiling
C． Spoiled Food Creates Health Risks and Economic Losses
D． The Evaporation Process Creates a Drop in Temperature
小題2:What does the third paragraph mainly talk about?
A．the structure of the invention
B．the usage of the invention
C．the cost of the invention
D．the inspiration of the invention
小題3:What is it that essentially keeps the food in the container from spoiling?
A．the wet cloth covering the cooling system.
B．the moving drier air outside the container
C．the wet sand between the containers
D．a drop in temperature by evaporation
小題4:According to the passage, where can we possibly see the invention?
A．rich and advanced families
B．scientific experiment laboratory
C．poor and underdeveloped area
D．supermarket needing to store goods
小題5:We can know from the passage that Mohammed Bah Abba ____________.
A．invented the controversial cooling system
B．financed the systems in all communities
C．received financial assistance for his invention
D．invented more complicated cooling system later

小題1:B
小題2:A
小題3:D
小題4:C
小題5:C

試題分析：文章介紹了穆罕默德巴林神父發(fā)明的“罐內冷卻系統(tǒng)”的儲藏食物的方法。他利用兩個套在一起的罐子中間的濕沙子蒸發(fā)水分降溫的原理來保存食物。這一發(fā)明還獲得了瑞士的勞力士公司授予他的“勞力士雄才偉略大獎”。
小題1:主旨題，通過閱讀全文可知本文介紹了一種降溫方法來防止食物腐壞。故選B。
小題2:推理題，閱讀第三段可知介紹了這種發(fā)明的組成和原理。故選A。
小題3:推理題。根據(jù)第五段中“The evaporation process creates a drop in temperature of several degrees.”蒸發(fā)的過程會產生幾度的溫度下降，根據(jù)常理可知降低了溫度會使食物保鮮。故選D。
小題4:推理題，閱讀文章可知這個發(fā)明最初是在尼日利亞北部的人們使用，后整個尼日利亞人們都是用，再后來還在其他非洲國家的農民中流行起來，由此可知是在不發(fā)達地區(qū)和窮人中運用。故選C。
小題5:推理題，根據(jù)文章最后一句“ Winners receive financial assistance to help develop and extend their projects.”獲獎者會獲得財務援助以幫助開發(fā)和擴大他們的項目。根據(jù)文章可知穆罕默德巴林神父也獲得這個獎項，因此可知穆罕默德巴林神父獲得對他的發(fā)明的財務支持。故選C。
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小題4:Fill the blank with proper words. (within 5 words)
                                                                                  
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Here’s a summary of some of the study’s findings:
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Improved Performance: Chewing gum resulted in a big improvement in overall performance on multi-tasking activities.
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A．gum chewers may lack alertness
B．gum chewers tend to be less stressed
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B．It works by allowing a 10-minute walk.
C．It works by reducing one’s level of cortisol.
D．It works by being chewed in a laboratory setting.
小題3:Which one may the author probably agree with?
A．People should chew gum with their mouths closed in a meeting.
B．It is impolite to chew gum in a meeting with people around you.
C．People can crack gum freely when meeting friends.
D．People should be careful when chewing gum at home.
小題4:What does the text mainly talk about?
A．How to chew gum.B．How to relieve stress.
C．Why people love chewing gum.D．Chewing gum can relieve stress.

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