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Speaking two languages rather than just one has obvious practical benefits in an increasingly globalized world．But in recent years, scientists have begun to show that the advantages of bilingualism （雙語能力） are even more important than being able to converse with a wider range of people．Being bilingual, it turns out, makes you smarter．It can have a deep effect on your brain, improving skills not related to language and even protecting against a serious mental disorder in old age．
This view of bilingualism is different from the understanding of bilingualism through much of the 20th century．Researchers, educators and policy makers long considered a second language to be an interruption that prevented a child's school work and ability to think and understand things．They were not wrong about the interruption: there is ample evidence that in a bilingual \s brain both language systems are active even when he is using only one language, thus creating situations in which one system disturbs the other．But this interruption, researchers are finding out, isn't so much a disturbance．It forces the brain to solve inside conflict, giving the mind a workout that strengthens its thinking muscles．
The key difference between bilinguals and monolinguals may be more basic: a heightened ability to monitor the environment．"Bilinguals have to switch languages quite often—you may talk to your father in one language and to your mother in another language," says Albert Costa, a researcher at the University of Pompea Fabra in Spain．
"It requires keeping track of changes around you in the same way that we monitor our surroundings when driving．" In a study comparing German-Italian bilinguals with Italian monolinguals on monitoring tasks, Mr．Costa and his colleagues found that the bilingual subjects not only performed better, but they also did so with less activity in parts of the brain involved in monitoring, showing that they did better in it．
小題1:From the passage we can learn that experts used to believe that ______．
A．interruption forced a bilingual's brain to strengthen its thinking ability
B．a second language stopped children's studying as well as mental development
C．using two languages annoyed the children who have trouble in learning skills
D．language systems were busy in a bilingual's brain when he was using languages
小題2:The underlined word "switch" in Paragraph 3 probably means "______"．
A．changeB．useC．speakD．study
小題3:What is the author's attitude towards bilingualism?
A．Cautious．B．Doubtful．C．Concerned．D．Favourable．
小題4:Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?
A．How Bilinguals Use Languages
B．What Bilingualism Is Really about
C．Why Bilinguals Are More Intelligent
D．When People Learn a Second Language

小題1:B
小題2:A
小題3:D
小題4:C

試題分析：近些年來，科學家開始證明具備雙語學習能力者有著更多的優(yōu)勢。這種雙語的使用除了使他們能與更大范圍的人進行交流以外，還能夠使人更加聰明、思維更加敏捷，而且還能夠有效預防年老后的神經紊亂。
小題1:B細節(jié)理解題。文章第二段內容提到considered a second language to be an interruption that prevented a child's school work and ability to think and understand things在二十世紀一些研究人員和教育家都一致認為第二語言的學習會干擾兒童的學業(yè)、會影響思維和理解能力，答案選B。
小題2:A細節(jié)理解題。破折號在句中起解釋說明作用，根據破折號后面—you may talk to your father in one language and to your mother in another language可以推斷switch指的是兩種語言間的轉換，答案選A。
小題3:D 推理判斷題。根據文章第一段開頭Speaking two languages rather than just one has obvious practical benefits in an increasingly globalized world．以及下文中一些積極性詞匯makes you smarter、makes you smarter可以判斷作者對此持贊同態(tài)度，選D。
小題4:C主旨大意題。作者在文章開頭提出說兩種語言的好處，然后在下文分析為什么講雙語的人要比單一語言者頭腦更為靈活，思維更加敏捷，由此推斷C選項內容更能體現文章中心，答案選C。
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