Question

【題目】閱讀理解
In an ideal world，people would not test medicines on animals. Such experiments are stressful and sometimes painful for animals，and expensive and time－consuming for people. Yet animal experimentation is still needed to help bridge vast gaps in medical knowledge. That is why there are some 50 to 100 million animals used in research around the world each year.
Europe，on the whole，has the world's most restrictive(嚴(yán)格的) laws on animal experiments. Even so，its scientists use some 12 million animals a year，most of them mice and rats，for medical research. Official statistics show that just 1.1 million animals are used in research in America each year. But that is misleading. The American authorities do not think mice and rats are worth counting and，as these are the most common laboratory animals，the true figure is much higher. Japan and China have even less comprehensive(全面的) data than America.
Now Europe is reforming the rules governing animal experiments by restricting the number of animals used in labs. Alternatives to animal testing，such as using human tissue or computer models，are now strongly recommended. In addition，sharing all research results freely should help to reduce the number of animals for scientific use. At present，scientists often share only the results of successful experiments. If their findings do not fit the hypothesis(假設(shè)) being tested，the work never sees the light of day. This practice means wasting time，money，and animals' lives in endlessly repeating the failed experiments.
Animal experimentation has taught humanity a great deal and saved countless lives. It needs to continue，even if that means animals sometimes suffer. Europe's new measures should eventually both reduce the number of animals used in experiments and improve the way in which scientific research is conducted.
（1）What is the main idea of this passage?
A.The success of animal experiments should be ensured.
B.A ban on the use of animals in the lab should be enforced.
C.Greater efforts need to be taken to reduce the number of lab animals.
D.Scientists should be required to share their research results with each other.
（2）Which of the following statements is true about animals used in the lab?
A.America uses only about 1.1 million lab animals per year.
B.Europe does not use mice and rats as lab animals at all.
C.Britain does not use as many lab animals as China does.
D.Japan has limited data on the number of lab animals used each year.
（3）Which of the following is mentioned as an alternative to replace animal experiments?
A.Statistical studies.
B.Computer models.
C.DNA planted in animals.
D.Tissue from dead animals.
（4）What usually happens to unsuccessful animal experiments?
A.They are not made known to the public.
B.They are made into teaching materials.
C.They are collected for future publication.
D.They are not removed from the research topic list.

Answer 1

【答案】
（1）C
（2）D
（3）B
（4）A
【解析】用動(dòng)物進(jìn)行試驗(yàn)被人們的輿論推向了風(fēng)口浪尖，然而，受諸多因素的影響，終止動(dòng)物試驗(yàn)的道路依然任重而道遠(yuǎn)。盡管歐洲有嚴(yán)格的法律限制，但是仍然需要另找突破。
(1)主旨大意題。文章第一段指出用動(dòng)物進(jìn)行試驗(yàn)難以杜絕的原因，第二段提到歐洲對動(dòng)物試驗(yàn)的法律限制的效果并不理想，第三段講了歐洲為限制動(dòng)物試驗(yàn)所作的努力，最后一段提到歐洲的新措施應(yīng)該既要減少用于試驗(yàn)的動(dòng)物的數(shù)量，又要改善科學(xué)研究的方法，所以C項(xiàng)最能概括文章大意。
(2)正誤判斷題。第二段的最后一句提到日本和中國與美國的數(shù)據(jù)相比甚至更不全面，由此可推知日本對每年用于實(shí)驗(yàn)室動(dòng)物的數(shù)據(jù)記錄有限.
(3)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第二句中的內(nèi)容可知可用“人體組織”和“電腦模型”來取代動(dòng)物試驗(yàn)。
(4)推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的倒數(shù)第二、第三句可知，科學(xué)家們只分享成功的試驗(yàn)，如果結(jié)果與假設(shè)不符，所做的工作將永不公開。由此可推斷不成功的試驗(yàn)不會展示給公眾。