The English test will be removed from China’s college entrance exam by 2020, according to details of exam and admission reform revealed by the Ministry of Education. The national college exam, known as the “Gaokao” has been used to evaluate Chinese students for three decades. The Ministry of Education has worked out a plan for reforming exams and enrollment. The Ministry will solicit(征求) public opinions before its release. Instead, tests will be held several times a year to allow students to choose when and how often they sit the exam so as to ease study pressure and change China’s once-in-a-lifetime exam system.

The plan and suggestion for its implementation(實施) will be announced in the first half of next year. It will be piloted in selected provinces and cities and promoted nationwide from 2017. A new exam and admission system will be established by 2020, according to the education ministry.

The decision has aroused a heated discussion among Shanghai educators and parents who doubted the reform would reduce the burden of learning English or if the substitute test could reflect a student’s English skills and help students learn English better.

“The reform shows China is learning from the West to give students more test-taking chances. But more chances might become more of a burden since Chinese students are likely to repeat the test until they get the highest score,” said Cai Jigang, a professor at Fudan University’s College of Foreign Languages and Literature and chairman of the Shanghai Advisory Committee for College English Teaching at Tertiary level.

Yu Lizhong, chancellor of New York University Shanghai, where classes are in English and students are required to have a high standard of English, said the most important aspect of the reform lay in what to test and how to test.

“As far as I see, the reform doesn’t mean English is no longer important for Chinese students after it will be excluded from the college entrance exam,” Yu said. “In a way, English is even more important than before since the test would only serve as reference, while every college and university, even every major, can have different requirements of a student’s English skills under a diverse evaluation system.”

Yu said some students will have their study pressure reduced if the major they choose doesn’t need excellent English while others still need to study hard if they want to be among the best students.

The education ministry said the reform would not affect students attending the college entrance exam over the next three years.

1.What can we learn from the first paragraph?

A. English will become less and less important in the stage of compulsory education.

B. It has been 30 years since English became one subject of national college entrance exam.

C. China’s once-in-a-lifetime exam system is unacceptable at all.

D. The system that tests are held several times does more good than once-in-a-lifetime exam system.

2.According to the passage, Shanghai educators and parents argue that________.

A. the new exam and admission system will make no difference.

B. English shouldn’t be removed from China’s college entrance exam.

C. the reform may accomplish the very opposite.

D. Western educational system does not apply to China.

3.What does the passage try to express in the underlined sentence?

A. Students needn’t lay a good foundation during the period of high school.

B. Whether students should study English hard may depend on their major.

C. Students can constantly struggle for perfection only in their major.

D. English must be close to full mark.

4.What’s the purpose of the passage?

A. To advise students not to devote themselves to English.

B. To call on Education Department to remove English from “Gaokao”.

C. To support the act of Ministry of Education

D. To encourage students to do as they have planned.

People have wondered for a long time how their personalities and behavior are formed. It is not easy to explain why one person is intelligent and another is not, or why one is cooperative and another is competitive.

Social scientists are of course extremely interested in these types of questions. They want to explain why we possess certain characteristics and exhibit certain behavior. There are no clear answers yet, but two distinct schools of thought on the matter have developed. As one might expect, the two approaches are very different from each other, and there is a great deal of debate between proponents of each theory. The controversy is often conveniently referred to as “nature and nurture”．

Those who support the “nature” side of the conflict believe that our personalities and behavior patterns are largely determined by biological factors. That our environment has little, if anything, to do with our abilities, characteristics and behavior is central to this theory. Taken to an extreme，this theory states that our behavior is predetermined to such a great degree that we are almost completely governed by our instincts(本能)．

Proponents of the “nurture” theory, or, as they are often called, behaviorists, claim that our environment is more important than our biologically based instincts in determining how we will act. A behaviorist, B. F. Skinner, sees humans as beings whose behavior is almost completely shaped by their surroundings. The behaviorists' view of the human being is quite mechanistic. They state that, like machines, humans respond to environmental stimuli (刺激) as the basis of their behavior.

Socially and politically, the consequences of these two theories are far-reaching. In the US，for example, blacks often score below whites on standardized intelligence tests. This leads some “nature” proponents to conclude that blacks are genetically lower in status than whites. Behaviorists, on the contrary, say that the differences in scores are due to the fact that blacks are often robbed of many of the educational and other environmental advantages that whites enjoy, and that, as a result, they do not develop the same responses that whites do.

Neither of these theories can yet fully explain human behavior. In fact, it is quite likely that the key to our behavior lies somewhere between these two extremes and that the controversy will continue for a long time is certain.

1.This passage is mainly concerned with ________.

A. relation between personality and behavior

B. relation between behavior and environment

C. different accounts of patterns of human behavior

D. different theories of the formation of human behavior

2.The underlined word “proponents” in Paragraph 2 means ________.

A. creators B. advisors C. advocates D. judges

3.In Paragraph 5, the author mainly writes about ________.

A. the considerable influence of the two theories

B. differences between the blacks and whites

C. racial discrimination in the United States

D. different responds to intelligence tests

4.What's the author's purpose in writing the passage?

A. To call our attention to the changes of human behavior.

B. To urge scientists to do more research in social science.

C. To give us a detailed explanation of human behavior.

D. To present an argument in the field of social science.

閱讀下列各小題，根據(jù)括號內的漢語提示，用句末括號內的英語單詞完成句子，并將答案寫在答題卡上的相應題號后。

1. I have a very busy life with no time ___________ feeling sorry for myself. (sit)

我的生活很充實，沒有時間閑坐著顧影自憐。

2.By ______________ on her face, Claire knew that her friend thought she was having an affair with the handsome gentleman. (surprise)

從她臉上的驚奇神色來看，克萊爾知道她的朋友認為她和那個瀟灑的紳士有風流韻事。

3. ___________________ that her husband would be sentenced into jail for breaking the laws. (occur)

她從沒想到過她丈夫會因違法而被判入獄。

4.Global warming has become a serious problem, __________________________ more attention. (pay)

全球變暖已經成為一件嚴肅的問題，對此我們應該給予更多關注。

5.The doctor recommended that the patient ___________________________ in a clinic right now. (operate)

醫(yī)生建議馬上在診所給病人動手術。

6.Every possible means ____________________ but the medicine still doesn’t achieve the desired effect. (try).

嘗試了每一種可能的方法但這種藥仍未達到預期效果。

7.My parents lent me the money. Otherwise, I _____________ the journey. (abandon)

我父母借錢給我了。否則，我就會放棄這次旅行了。

8.Recently she __________________________ her studies that she has no time to take up the hobby. (occupy)

最近她學習很忙，以至于她沒有時間從事她的愛好。

9.Having been blamed for several times, she seems _________________________ her mistakes. (aware)

被責備了好幾次，她似乎已經意識到自己的錯誤了。

10.In fact, it is the mental addiction rather than the physical effects ___________________ to quit smoking. (make)

事實上，讓戒煙困難的不是生理上的影響而是精神上的依賴。

請根據(jù)以下提示，結合你生活中的一個事例，用英語寫一篇短文。

Volunteers believe that the happiest people in the world are those who help to bring happiness to others.

注意：①無須寫標題；

②除詩歌外，文體不限；

③內容必須結合你生活中的一個事例；

④文中不得透露個人姓名和學校名稱；

⑤詞數(shù)不少于120，如引用提示語則不計入總詞數(shù)。

Make a reservation in advance, _______ you would risk having to wait for a table.
A. therefore B. otherwise C. instead D. somehow

After the earthquake, the first thing the local government did was to provide ____________ for the homeless families.

A. accommodation B. occupation C. equipment D. furniture

The movie The Pursuit of Happiness is _______from the true story of Chris Gardner．

A．adopted B．adjusted C．adapted D. addicted

Many Chinese universities provide scholarships for students ______ financial aid.

A. in favor ofB. in honor of C. in face of D. in need of

Usually a child’s behavior is a ________ of his family environment.

A. recognition B. reflection C. return D. record

Affected by the earthquake happening in March, seven springs____________.

A. dried up B. dried out C. dried off D. dried away